著者

池川 清子

出版者

東北哲学会

雑誌

東北哲学会年報 (ISSN:09139354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.41-47, 1998-04-30 (Released:2018-02-28)

著者

池川 清子

出版者

日本医学哲学・倫理学会

雑誌

医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.222-229, 1999-10-01 (Released:2018-02-01)

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The attempt to characterize the modes of death in terms of the personal pronoun originates in the life attitude that rights of patients shuld be respected against the dehumanization tendency sometimes found in medical practices. In this regard, the characterization of patients' death in terms of the second pronoun (you) rather than the first (I) or the third pronoun (he or she) is understandable. However, we feel some doubt about the adequacy of labeling the mode of human death with personal pronouns when we begin to ask the validity of the characterization from the standpoint of the meaningful mode of nursing. The reason why we feel this way is that the very attempt to characterize the mode of death in terms of the personal pronoun seems to be based on the mechanical and dualistic reductionism of modern science leading to the dehumanization tendency of medical practices. In confronting various modes of deaths of patients in medical practices, what we are asked for is to capture the holistic mode of human beings rather than to characterize them in terms of personal pronouns. In order to capture the real mode of a person who is dying, we have to avoid the objectification of her or his existence, or rather, to take part in the process of his or her dying mode intersubjectively. This indicates that we as medical professionals have to change our scientifically oriented life attitude into the holistically encountered life attitude toward persons who are dying.

著者

花岡 真佐子 池川 清子

出版者

日本医学哲学・倫理学会

雑誌

医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.85-94, 1997-09-20 (Released:2018-02-01)

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Nursing techniques, unlike those developed in other field, arise and evolve out of interactive situations. The individually generated action performed in isolation, which, on a production line is appropriate, can be entirely inappropriate and ineffective where the question is one of care. In such a situation, therefore, the observer (the nurse) cannot handle the obsenrvee (the patient) in a mechanical fashion, as if the latter were not a sentient being but merely an object. It follows that the nurse's perceptive capabilities and judgment play a decisive role in the appropriateness and effectiveness of the techniques she or he employs. The nurse's perceptive modes must thus be examined. Living necessitates humans to maintain a constant relationship with the surrounding environment. The recognition and interpretion of and reaction to sensofy stimul are inherent features of this relationship. It is perception that establishes mutual relations between human being and his world, hence perception is crucial to nursing acts. The links existing between the various perceptive modes and the surrounding environment, together with the incorporation of such information into students'clinical training, form the subject of this paper.

著者

池川 清子

出版者

日本医学哲学・倫理学会

雑誌

医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.159-162, 1996-10-01 (Released:2018-02-01)

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Studies during the long history in Nursing have fostered specialized knowledge and techniques through various health care models. In the early days we can find the primordial forms of nursing in ancient diaita (greek word for health related Iifestile) aimed at arranging human life in response to nature. Forms of health care from the middle ages to early modern era in Europe had been meant to be the diaita as health practice which was rooted in an individually oriented thought based on "six nonnatural practice-sexeres non naturales. However, as the diaita in the middle age model gradually declined, this theory based on the power of natural healing lost its influence to studies of nursing and as the result it gave the way to the modern medicai models based upon theories of biologicai mechanism. Due to the methodological change to biological medical model in health care, diaita seemed as if it had disappeared from the historical scene. However,at the turning century we gained Nightingale who recovered originally intended meanings of nursing care. Nightingale found the fundamentals of health care in relation to the healing power of nature for human beings and thus it becomes imperative for caring people to prepare environments in responding to the needs of those who are cared for.This means that the fundamentals of health care should be based on the basic trust in natural healing power inherent in human beings. However, from the early twentieth century, the biological model of medicine became overwhelmingly influential and thus studies of nursing have been dealt with in relation to the scientific model of problem and solution. As the result it has been exposed to the situation of manipulative and mechanical principles in science. I would like to investigate the fundamentals of health care by studying ancient diaita and then to inquire into various problems derived from scientific models of health care severed from practical insights of humaneness. I would also like to clarify the future tasks of health care.

著者

池川 清子

出版者

日本医学哲学・倫理学会

雑誌

医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.8-15, 1995-10-01 (Released:2018-02-01)

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The tendency to deal with the human body as an object has deeply permeated modern medical practice. In the area of nursing and care, I find no exception. However, if we carefully observe our body, we become aware that our hands encounter with each other as we hold out or withdraw them together. Nurses interact with many people including patients in the clinical situation. They can act first by using their body. There is no act without(the use)of the body. The basic attitude of the nurses in dealing with others is to act with consideration(or thoughtfulness)named 'care'. The nurses read patients' condition with their own sensitivity, then they make decisions as to what sort of physical help they could give. This situation does not imply a one-way relation between nurses and patients through their own intention or act. It indicates a condition of coexistence, affecting one another in a certain way through the action of both the nurses and patients. This also does not imply a man-thing relation. It is an intersubjective relation sensed through each other's body. I hope to search for the meaning of suffering by describing the intersubjective process derived from the encounter with a patient with illusionary leg pain as a methodological path with the idea that the human body is not at all an object in clincal reality. Furthermore the ultimate goal of the report is an attempt to overcome the duality of mind and body in medical practice.

著者

池川 清子 吾妻 知美 西村 ユミ 守田 美奈子 蓬莱 節子 仁平 雅子

出版者

神戸市看護大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2000

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看護の高等教育化が急速に進展しつつある現在、看護学の学的基盤の確立が急務である。本研究では、研究代表者である池川が長年と取り組んできた「看護学の実践学的パラダイム」を基礎理論として、看護学固有の対象と方法を明確にすることをとおして、実践学としての看護学をより詳細に特徴づけ、基礎づけるものを明確にした。本研究の成果は、おおよそ以下の5点に要約される。1.看護学を実践学的パラダイムの視座から体系化するという試みは時代の要請であり、実践を目的とする看護理論の構築という観点からも、今、世界が向かおうとしている動向である。2.看護学を実践学として基礎づけるためには、科学的パラダイムとは異なる方法論の吟味が必要である。本研究では、看護の現象を看護者と看護を必要とする相手とのかかわりの中から立ち現れる出来事として捉え、従来の看護学を現象学的視点から問い直した。3.実践学としての看護学の前提を明らかにするためには、看護実践の構造の解明が不可欠である。本研究では、看護実践と言語、看護実践と行為・技術、看護実践と経験の諸点から看護実践の構造を明らかにした。4.実践学としての看護学の研究方法として、看護の現象をありのまま生き生きと捉える方法として、現象学的解釈学の有用性を明らかにした。5.これまで抽出が困難であった看護実践者の経験を現象学的記述による、方法としての「対話」を確立した。

著者

守田 美奈子 吉田 みつ子 川原 由佳里 樋口 康子 吾妻 知美 西村 ユミ 池川 清子 稲岡 文昭 坂本 成美

出版者

日本赤十字看護大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

1998

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本研究は、看護学の体系化に向けて最も重要な学的基盤としての看護哲学の確立をめざすことを目的とした。ここ数十年の間に、わが国においても看護の研究論文は増え、新たな看護の知も蓄積されつつある。看護という現象が、経験の中にうずもれ、学的な体系として整理されにくかった大きな理由は、看護という現象の複雑さや深みというものが、既存の理論や従来の科学的学問観で捉え、明らかにしていくことに困難さを伴うものであったからだといえる。しかし、その違和感を問うことに看護の学的基盤を創るエッセンスがあり、「看護とは一体何なのか、どのような現象なのか、どのような特徴があるのか」といった問いを追究することがことが必要なのである。本研究は、このような問題意識から始まり、これまでの看護理論家の思索の足跡をたどりながら、それを問い直し、対話をはかることによって次の各課題についての考察した。1.看護哲学の必要性(看護哲学の課題、わが国の看護哲学に求められているもの)2.看護のアート(「看護のアート」とは何か、看護のアートにおける「技術」の概念看護における全体性の概念、患者理解における直観概念の意義3.看護学の知のスタイル(看護のリアリティ、看護におけるアクチュアリティ)4.看護の科学と哲学(複雑系の科学の可能性、カオス理論と看護研究)