著者

渡邉 昌史

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3, pp.287-298, 2006 (Released:2008-01-25)

参考文献数

26

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The People's Republic of China, which is a multiethnic country, considers policies focusing on ethnic minorities to be an imprtant national issue. The present study was designed to examine the identity of ethnic minorities by focusing on national meets involving traditional athletic sports among such ethnic minorities as one aspect of national policy. The 1st and 7th National Meets of Athletic Sports for Ethnic Minorities were held respectively in 1953 and in 2003, during which a change from modern sports to ethnic sports was recognized with respect to the sporting events emphasized. Subsequently, a change from those ethnic sports to post-ethnic sports was recognized. The participation of members of minority groups in these National Meets appeals to their ethnic identity, leading to the creation of a pan-ethnic minority identity. Since in addition to ethnic minorities, the Han race also participates in the National Meets, the Meets function as a cultural mechanism by which the Pan-ethnic minority identity is replaced by the Chinese ethnic identity, thus equating the Chinese ethnic identity with the official national identity. The representation of culture at the National Meets has been changing from a state in which “ethnic minorities represent different cultures” to one in which “ethnic minorities represent their own cultures.” These facts suggest that ethnic sports in China contribute to political and ethnic integration, whereby ethnic sports are useful for affirming ethnic identities that are manifested at various intensity levels, and that ethnic sports serve as a medium whereby changes in identity can take place.

著者

渡邉 昌史 Masashi Watanabe

雑誌

武庫川女子大紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:09163115)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, pp.79-88, 2017-03-31

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Nara Park is located in Nara Prefecture in Japan and represents an image of the ancient capital of Nara. This study discusses changes that were made to the sports facilities constructed in the park and the change of the image of Nara Park. Nara Park was created in 1880 and was affected by a conflict between changes in the times, which require the development of up-to-date facilities, and the park’s ability to serve as a sightseeing attraction, which requires the preservation of its scenery. In 1910, an athletics stadium, tennis courts, and a baseball field were built. In 1928, a swimming pool was constructed and a comprehensive sports facility was added, which gave Nara Park a complete sporting site. Nara Park is set on land that was formerly a temple but, once the sports facility was created, it became a“ modern” public park. In 1988, the“ Nara Silkroad Exposition” was held there. For this event, permission was given to eliminate the“ modern” elements, which referred to the sports park, and to preserve it as an authentic“ ancient city.” Consequently, all of the sports facilities were removed. Through the expulsion of“ modern” elements, the differences between“ modern” and“ the Ancient Capital of Nara” have created the current format of the Nara brand.

著者

寒川 恒夫 杉山 千鶴 石井 昌幸 渡邉 昌史

出版者

早稲田大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2004

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全4年度研究の最終年度に当たる本年度は、東アジアにおける民族スポーツの観光化変容補充調査及び、本研究の目的である"民族スポーツに観光化変容をもたらした要因の分析"及び、本研究活動を報告書にまとめる作業にあてられた。補充調査は、日本にあっては、北海道最大規模の観光イベントであるよさこいソーラン祭り、また沖縄県最大規模の観光イベントである那覇祭りの民族スポーツ(大綱引き、エイサー)、韓国においては忠清北道忠州市の忠州世界武術祭と慶尚南道の晋州闘牛、中国においては新彊ウイグル自治区ウルムチの少数民族民族スポーツ、また広東省広州市で2007年11月に催された第8回中国少数民族伝統体育運動会、それに北京市及び河南省温県陳家溝の武術について実施された。民族スポーツの観光化変容については、当該地域の経済活性化が最大要因として指摘されるが、担い手が少数民族である場合、経済要因に加え、民族の存在主張・文化主張の動機が無視し得ない。また、観光化に当たっては当該地の行政が大きく関与する事も全体的に認められる。特に中国の場合、1990年代の改革開放政策後に民族スポーツの観光化変容が開始するのが、その良い例である。それまで中国の民族スポーツは当該民族の伝統文化保存と健康という目的に存在根拠が求められていたが、改革開放後は「文化とスポーツが舞台を築き、その上で経済が踊る」のスローガンのもと、全国的規模で民族スポーツの観光化が進行して現在に至っている。観光化する民族スポーツの種目は多岐にわたるが、今回の調査で、これまではもっぱら修行や教育の枠内で展開し、経済や観光とは無縁であった武術に観光化の熱いまなざしが注がれていることが大いに注目される。

著者

渡邉 昌史

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集 第65回(2014) (ISSN:24241946)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.330, 2014-08-25 (Released:2017-04-06)

著者

渡邉 昌史

出版者

[出版者不明]

巻号頁・発行日

2006-01

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制度:新 ; 文部省報告番号:甲2142号 ; 学位の種類:博士(人間科学) ; 授与年月日:2006/1/25 ; 早大学位記番号:新4140

著者

渡邉 昌史 Masashi WATANABE

雑誌

武庫川女子大学紀要. 人文・社会科学編 (ISSN:09163115)

巻号頁・発行日

no.62, pp.41-48, 2015-03-31

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"The votive picture tablet" is the wooden board which is dedicated when praying at a Japanese Shinto shrine or temple. The custom of offering the votive tablet was originated in dedicating a real horse for God during the Nara era. Various pictures had been drawn by the Edo era. An individual dedicated a small votive tablet for the safety of family and the prosperity of business. Since the wish to Shinto and Buddhist deities was frankly not made to others, communication of people and Shinto and Buddhist deities was realized with the pattern of the votive picture. In this research, the cultural code was read and solved by analyzing the representation of art and body images on the votive picture. The pattern in connection with the body images is related to the divine favor of Shinto and Buddhist deities. They are the contents for self-actualization to which an individual and a group can pray for progress.

著者

渡邉 昌史

出版者

スポーツ史学会

雑誌

スポーツ史研究 (ISSN:09151273)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.41-45, 2006

著者

渡邉 昌史 Masashi Watanabe

雑誌

武庫川女子大学紀要. 人文・社会科学編 (ISSN:09163115)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.43-51, 2019-03-31

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In the government guidelines for teaching published in March 2017, for the first time Jukendo was clearly mentioned in martial arts category of junior high school health and physical education. As Jukendo was part of military training in the pre-war days, its inclusion in school education has come under criticism.In the guidelines for teaching, the purpose of martial arts in junior high school health and physical education has been clearly described as the teaching of “the traditional acts of martial arts” and “the traditional way of thinking.” Accordingly, for Jukendo also, the major premise is that the “traditional elements” that can possibly be taught is clearly described. However, for Jukendo, a challenge is that these things have not been clearly described.This study investigates the cultural characteristics of Jukendo, to elucidate the “traditional elements” in Jukendo.During the Meiji period, Jukendo was developed by the military. The most important thing at that time, more than anything else, was its effectiveness as a technique for wounding and killing. Jukendo had been introduced and developed under the influence of “a culture that by all means devises violent techniques, and pursues mastery in it” as was prevalent in early modern times martial arts. After the war, violence that was the significance of its existence, was denounced, and Jukendo has come to be considered as a sport. However, with respect to the moral culture, it has wavered between deconstruction and reconstruction of violence.After the war, Jukendo adopted the martial arts charter that is defined as “way of forming human nature through martial arts practice.” Such martial arts concept can be established only on the basis of the moral culture of the respective arts, and it can be said that there are challenges that need to be overcome in introducing Jukendo in junior high school martial arts program, because Jukendo did not have the background of a training culture founded on moral considerations.With clear mention of Jukendo in government guidelines for teaching, it is urgently desired that deeper discussions are undertaken on suitable junior high school martial arts teaching materials for 21st century, and in particular the associated moral culture.