著者

石川 遥至 内川 あかね 風間 菜帆 鈴木 美保 宮田 裕光

出版者

日本マインドフルネス学会

雑誌

マインドフルネス研究 (ISSN:24360651)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.15-26, 2020 (Released:2022-02-22)

参考文献数

29

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近年,マインドフルネス瞑想のプログラムは,欧州などを中心に小中学校を含む教育現場に応用されており,日本への導入も検討されている。大学の多人数講義における瞑想実践の効果に関して,量的な検討は少ない。本研究では,大学学部生を対象とした1学期間の講義の冒頭で,5分間の集中ないし観察瞑想を実施し,講義終了時における気分および動機づけ状態を含む心理的効果を検討した。その結果,5分間瞑想を実施した講義回では,実施しなかった回よりもリラックスの得点が有意に高かった。また,瞑想の出来に関する自己評定が高い学生は,自己評定が低い学生よりも,リラックス,講義への集中度,理解度,興味の得点がいずれも有意に高かった。これらから,講義冒頭における瞑想の実践は,講義時間中を通して望ましい心理的効果を持つことが示唆される。一方,瞑想の出来に対する自己評価と瞑想の種類も,これらの効果に関連しているかもしれない。

著者

石川 遥至 浮川 祐希 野田 萌加 越川 房子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.92.19037, (Released:2021-07-31)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1

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Focused-distraction (FD), which aims to interrupt negative thoughts, is a major coping strategy for depressive moods, but it may also function as maladaptive avoidance and prevent acknowledging problems. This study compared the effects of FD and dividing-attention distraction (DD), a strategy to think about a negative past event while engaging in distraction, on mood and thoughts about the event. Sixty-five students (undergraduates and graduates) ruminated about negative past events, followed by an 8-minute DD, FD, or no-task session, and then a 5-minute rest. After one week, students ruminated again. Participants’ moods and evaluations of negative events were measured after the initial rumination, task session, rest, and the second rumination. The FD group showed lower anxiety than other groups after each task but FD group participants with high-rumination levels showed higher tenseness than the no-task group after the second rumination. The rate of DD participants who reported non-negative thoughts after one week was higher than the FD group. These findings suggest that one’s attentional state while using distraction affects mood and attitude with respect to a negative memory.

著者

石川 遥至 越川 房子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

Journal of Health Psychology Research (ISSN:21898790)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.65-73, 2018-02-01 (Released:2018-02-09)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2

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The effect of a task that encouraged participants to divide their attention between a present distractive task and previous negative events on improving negative mood and evaluation was investigated. Participants (n=24) were randomly assigned to three task groups: (A) distraction, (B) distraction while recalling negative events, and (C) recalling negative events without distraction. Then, they performed each task for 10 minutes. Negative mood and the evaluation of previous negative events were assessed after induced rumination, task engagement, and resting for two minutes. Analyses of variance indicated no significant differences in negative mood between the groups. However, groups A and B, compared to group C showed a higher reduction in the evaluation of negative events. Moreover, only group B showed a significant reduction in negative evaluation between “after task” and “after resting.” These results suggest that when a person cannot stop ruminating about negative events, distraction with recalling negative events would be more effective for improving negative evaluations than merely continuing to ruminate.

著者

石川 遥至 浮川 祐希 野田 萌加 越川 房子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.4, pp.227-236, 2021 (Released:2021-10-25)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1

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Focused-distraction (FD), which aims to interrupt negative thoughts, is a major coping strategy for depressive moods, but it may also function as maladaptive avoidance and prevent acknowledging problems. This study compared the effects of FD and dividing-attention distraction (DD), a strategy to think about a negative past event while engaging in distraction, on mood and thoughts about the event. Sixty-five students (undergraduates and graduates) ruminated about negative past events, followed by an 8-minute DD, FD, or no-task session, and then a 5-minute rest. After one week, students ruminated again. Participants’ moods and evaluations of negative events were measured after the initial rumination, task session, rest, and the second rumination. The FD group showed lower anxiety than other groups after each task but FD group participants with high-rumination levels showed higher tenseness than the no-task group after the second rumination. The rate of DD participants who reported non-negative thoughts after one week was higher than the FD group. These findings suggest that one’s attentional state while using distraction affects mood and attitude with respect to a negative memory.

著者

石川 遥至

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.11-21, 2020-11-30 (Released:2020-12-01)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

1

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According to the response style theory, human responses to a depressive mood are divided into two styles: ruminative and distractive responses. Although response styles reportedly have both adaptive and maladaptive aspects, the factor associated with the adaptiveness of these response styles is unclear. The present study examined the mediation and moderation effects of voluntary attention control skills (selective, divided, and switching attention) on the relationship between adaptive/maladaptive forms of ruminative/distractive response styles and depression. In total, 234 Japanese undergraduates completed questionnaires of response styles, attention control skills, and depressive symptom. Selective attention and divided attention skill mediated the effects of adaptive response styles on depression. In addition, when combined with higher divided attention skill, the increase of depression by maladaptive response styles was mitigated. These results suggest that attention control skills could explain the adaptive process of response styles, and that heightening particular skills would be efficacious in reducing depression.

著者

石川 遥至 越川 房子

出版者

公益財団法人 パブリックヘルスリサーチセンター

雑誌

ストレス科学研究 (ISSN:13419986)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.125-130, 2015 (Released:2016-01-15)

参考文献数

17

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 20-minute cutting-art task on depressive and anxious mood and on the level of self-focused attention in highly ruminative people. Participants were randomly assigned to three distractive task conditions that required attention—cutting-art, calculation, and silent reading—and engaged in each task after induced rumination. The results indicated that the level of self-focused attention reduced in all conditions after distractive tasks and showed no difference between tasks. Similarly, negative moods were reduced in all conditions and no difference was found between tasks. The paper concludes by discussing the characteristics of the state of attention generated during the cutting-art task.

著者

石川 遥至 越川 房子

出版者

Public Health Research Foundation

雑誌

ストレス科学研究 (ISSN:13419986)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.125-130, 2015

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 20-minute cutting-art task on depressive and anxious mood and on the level of self-focused attention in highly ruminative people. Participants were randomly assigned to three distractive task conditions that required attention—cutting-art, calculation, and silent reading—and engaged in each task after induced rumination. The results indicated that the level of self-focused attention reduced in all conditions after distractive tasks and showed no difference between tasks. Similarly, negative moods were reduced in all conditions and no difference was found between tasks. The paper concludes by discussing the characteristics of the state of attention generated during the cutting-art task.