著者

石榑 督和 木村 真慧 伊藤 裕久

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.795, pp.936-946, 2022-05-01 (Released:2022-05-01)

参考文献数

2

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This thesis clarifies the spatial structure of the Shinsei-shotengai and the transition of its operators based on the historical documents left behind by Yoshimura Shokai, the company that built and leased the market. Looking at the construction process of the Shinsei-shotengai and its relationship with land ownership, it became clear that Yoshimura Shokai, the builder of the Shinsei-shotengai, was in charge of adjusting the relationship of rights. The characteristic wooden building with strip windows was read from a structural perspective. We found that 60% of the tenants in the Shinsei-shotengai had been replaced in less than three years.

著者

石榑 督和 初田 香成

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.705, pp.2589-2597, 2014-11-30 (Released:2014-11-30)

被引用文献数

3 3

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By analyzing "Shinkou Ichiba map", this paper aims to grasp the “markets” in postwar Tokyo from the viewpoint of development approach, planning and store constitution. The map drawn 138 sheets intended for Tokyo's 23 wards, recorded the “markets” of 281 places in it. The results are given follows; 1) from the development approach, the “markets” were classified into types of detached shops and planned unit development, 2) typically, the markets has a passage in the longitudinal direction of the site, and in order to take passage and arranging two or more rows the row houses is required about 5.4 meters short dimension of the site, 3) Retail store is located on the front part of the markets, housing and pub is located in the back.

著者

石榑 督和 青井 哲人

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.694, pp.2627-2636, 2013-12-30 (Released:2014-07-10)

被引用文献数

1 5

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This paper aims to grasp the reformation process of the block in front of Shinjuku east station-square during postwar recovery from the viewpoint of formation of black markets and land ownerships. In immediate postwar years, Matsujiro Nohara and Kinosuke Ozu each built black market that was both unlawful occupation at the object region. Nohara's market survived until the beginning of 1960. However Ozu's market was removed from 1948. Nohara's market and Ozu's market are different as regards to land ownerships. They were a street stall keeper. Notwithstanding, after that Ozu acquired four lot of land on the object region. The fact is worthy of note.

著者

石榑 督和 佐藤 洋一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.70, pp.1557-1562, 2022-10-20 (Released:2022-10-20)

参考文献数

8

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This paper outlines the “Teito-sokai-jigyo-ippanzu” (General Map of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government’s Building Evacuation Project), which shows the entirety of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government’s building evacuation project from the first to the fourth phases, and the “Tatemono-sokai-chikuzu” (Building Evacuation District Maps), which shows the project for each ward. Both maps were published in May 1944 by the Building Evacuation Division of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government’s Defense Bureau, and show a total of 357 evacuated areas.

著者

石榑 督和

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.737, pp.1847-1857, 2017 (Released:2017-07-30)

被引用文献数

1

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This paper will elucidate the planning and construction process of the Ikebukuro West General Public Station completed in 1951, and will review the 55 stations around the country that were constructed as General Public Stations. It will also classify the stations according to core planning, construction ownership, and division of construction cost burden to evaluate the status of the Ikebukuro West General Public Station, which was planned by Japanese National Railways as a pilot project for developing General Public Stations. During postwar reconstruction, since Japanese National Railways prioritized the devastated rail lines and the establishment of new railcars in order to focus on restoring the decreased transportation capacity, not enough funding was available for rebuilding the railway station buildings, and their thorough reconstruction was thus postponed. Therefore, a method for the smooth reconstruction of railway station buildings using private investment was introduced, whereby the buildings were opened to the public, and businesses such as stores, restaurants, and barbershops were incorporated to increase the convenience of the station to the extent that these businesses would not pose a hindrance to railway passengers. This was the concept of the General Public Station. Until the end of the war, the construction of railway station buildings was generally limited to private railway terminals in major cities. However, the postwar establishment of the General Public Station model allowed railway station buildings to be constructed in regional cities across Japan. The General Public Station model made possible the transition from railway station buildings being constructed at Japanese National Railway stations to railway station buildings being constructed throughout the country. A central figure in the discussion of planning the Ikebukuro West General Public Station is the Japanese National Railway architect Shigeru Ito. Ito developed the concept of General Public Stations within Japanese National Railways. After resigning from his job at Japanese National Railways, he became the vice president of Japan Railway Station Corporation, where he promoted the planning and construction of the Ikebukuro West General Public Station. In addition, the area planned for the construction of the Ikebukuro West General Public Station included the war-damage reconstruction and land readjustment project area, so construction could not be initiated until the re-plotting of the land was confirmed. Therefore, the construction of the Ikebukuro West General Public Station bears a clear relationship to the restoration of land development through re-plotting. Beyond this, this research classifies General Public Stations into two types: “Regional City Type,” “Capital Area Intra-City Transit Terminal Type” and “ Major Inter-City Transit Terminal Type.” The Ikebukuro West General Public Station is classified as a Capital Area Intra-City Transit Terminal Type.

著者

橋口 拓 伊藤 裕久 石榑 督和

出版者

公益社団法人 日本都市計画学会

雑誌

都市計画論文集 (ISSN:09160647)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.1334-1341, 2020-10-25 (Released:2020-10-25)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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現在の福岡市中心部は、福岡部と博多部の2つから構成される。前者は那珂川を境に西側にある武士の町で、後者は那珂川の東側にある商人の町である。1945年の空襲で破壊された天神地区は現在、商業施設が高度に集積した九州最大の繁華街であるが、かつての天神地区は福岡城下町の場末で、商業の中心地は中世から続く博多であった。本稿では、戦前戦後の福岡市中心部を構成した中小規模の市場・商業空間に着目し、戦後それらの空間がどのように変容したのかを明らかにする。そこで本稿では、多くの市場・商業空間の中で、罹災した博多部の商人が福岡部で商店街を再興した「新天町商店街」、戦時体制下に空き店舗になった場所に商人が入居した「柳橋連合市場」、復興計画で変容する闇市として「三角市場」に着目する。これらの市場・商業空間は天神地区の発展に重要な役割を果たした。

著者

石榑 督和

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

建築歴史・意匠

巻号頁・発行日

no.2018, pp.131-132, 2018-07-20

著者

初田 香成 村上 しほり 石榑 督和

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.733, pp.805-815, 2017 (Released:2017-03-30)

被引用文献数

1

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This paper aims to describe the nationwide formation and spread of Yami-ichi (black market) after World War II and government's involvements in their processes. Then it tries to regard yami-ichi as a kind of universal activity of city more than extraordinary experiences through the grasp of nationwide cases and trace the various process of developments. We have overviewed the nationwide municipal histories of 100 cities which had a population of more than 45,000 people out of 210 municipalized cities in 1940 for this purpose. The existence of Yami-ichi can be identified at least 99 of 100 cities. Firstly, Yami-ichi existed at almost all of the cities with more than 45,000 people. They were very various in the point of name, location in the city and those organizers, and their spatial form could be marshaled as three-step model in chronological order. The time lags of the emergences of nationwide Yami-ichi shows the possibility of the indirect propagation more than natural generation in each cities. Though the famous cases of big cities have tended to be covered in previous study, this paper could trace the nationwide and various cases. Also though the violent cases around the terminal station in Tokyo have tended to be covered, this paper could trace familiar and common cases in every 23 wards including the suburbs. Secondly, various types of involvements made by GHQ and governments were clarified. They got involved with all of the process such as not only crackdown but also installation for their selves from the birth to death of Yami-ichi, and their types and level of involvements were very various. We are going to advance the research about the characteristic cases which were shown in this study in the future. Also expanding the survey to the cities which had a population of less than 45, 000 people could be found. The formation of Yami-ichi seemed to need a certain level of population and the hinterland. So we are thinking that we can clarify the forming conditions of Yami-ichi and their critical points by finding the city where Yami-ichi couldn't form and examining the conditions of them.

著者

石榑 督和

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.733, pp.793-803, 2017

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&nbsp;This study examined the formation and transformation process of the Wadagumi Market constructed facing the Shinjuku Station during the post-war reconstruction period, as well as the changes in the main constituents of the market. The study examined the urban fabric of the Wadagumi Market and its surrounding area that were reconstructed every few years from the 1930s to the 1960s. Furthermore, the changes in land ownership were examined, and by comparing both, the change in the urban fabric of the market and the land ownership, the relationship between spatial changes and land rights are discussed.<br>&nbsp;The district examined in this study has the following three characteristics. First, the nature of the district was different in the pre-war and post-war periods. The district was lined with warehouses and theaters pre-war, but post-war it was transformed by shops lining the entire district. Second, among the markets that originated as black markets in the neighborhood of the Shinjuku Station, this district was among the earliest to have market organization carried out by land-readjustment projects for war-damage reconstruction. Third, while the Wadagumi Market was constructed by one constituent, it had three types of rights related to building use. The following were the findings of the study.<br>&nbsp;First, the Wadagumi Market straddled three city blocks and the building use rights differed for the markets of each block, being short-term leasing, long-term leasing, and building purchase, respectively. In the land-readjustment project for war-damage reconstruction, each of these three types of market were organized and relocated on land that was offered as a substitute. One of the markets that was relocated developed into what is today Shinjuku Golden Gai.<br>&nbsp;Second, the control of the market by Wadagumi officials continued even after the Wadagumi was dissolved in July 1947. There was repeated reorganization by the proprietors, but the Wadagumi officials continuously assumed leadership.<br>&nbsp;Third, there was dissolution of large tracts of privately owned land. The study examined the process by which the district concerned, which was owned by one constituent in 1930, was subdivided in the post-war reconstruction process and multiple landowners came to possess the land.

著者

石榑 督和 青井 哲人

出版者

Architectural Institute of Japan

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.694, pp.2627-2636, 2013

被引用文献数

5

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This paper aims to grasp the reformation process of the block in front of Shinjuku east station-square during postwar recovery from the viewpoint of formation of black markets and land ownerships. In immediate postwar years, <i>Matsujiro Nohara</i> and <i>Kinosuke Ozu</i> each built black market that was both unlawful occupation at the object region. <i>Nohara</i>'s market survived until the beginning of 1960. However <i>Ozu</i>'s market was removed from 1948. <i>Nohara</i>'s market and <i>Ozu</i>'s market are different as regards to land ownerships. They were a street stall keeper. Notwithstanding, after that <i>Ozu</i> acquired four lot of land on the object region. The fact is worthy of note.