著者

西谷 真規子

出版者

JAPAN ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2001, no.128, pp.115-129,L13, 2001-10-22 (Released:2010-09-01)

参考文献数

61

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In what situation does a chief of government regard international public opinion as important, and how does he use it?Like U. S. foreign policy during the Gulf Crisis/War, when a country forms an international coalition to threaten an enemy in a coercive way, the chief of government of that country has to rally international public opinion among coalition partners to unite the coalition. This serves to bolster the credibility of the coalition's will and capability to use coercive measures against the enemy.One way to lead international public opinion can be referred to as “symbolic appeal strategy”, which is basically the same concept as “reverberation tactics” in the logic of two-level games. This stratagem allows one to use political symbols to appeal directly to domestic public opinion in coalition countries in order to pressure coalition governments to maintain their coalition policy. During the Gulf Crisis/War, the United States-the leader of the anti-Iraqi coalition-used the United Nations Security Council, Syria's participation in the anti-Iraqi coalition and so on, as symbols to appeal to public opinion in coalition countries, particularly in the Arab world, Soviet Union, Germany, and Japan.Decision-makers' perception of international public opinion and public opinion in foreign countries is the basis for influencing international sentiment toward a given cause. Decision-makers tend to recognize the international situation based on their own stereotypes and conceptual lenses, and under high uncertainty they tend to be oversensitive to potential changes in the international community. During the Gulf Crisis/War, partly out of fear that Arab nationalists would unite and pressure Arab governments to split from the coalition, U. S. decision-makers were eager to directly engage the Arab public with political symbols and rhetoric to rally Arab opinion in support of U. S military intervention against Iraq.

著者

西谷 真規子

出版者

神戸大学

雑誌

国際協力論集 (ISSN:09198636)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.107-139, 2003-09

著者

西谷 真規子 庄司 真理子 杉田 米行 宮脇 昇 高橋 良輔 足立 研幾 大賀 哲

出版者

神戸大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2008-04-08

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本研究では、国際規範の発展における規範間の競合または複合のプロセスを明らかにすることを目的とした。グローバル、リージョナル、ナショナルの各レベルにおいて、①規範的アイディアの競合や複合が、どのような制度変化をもたらすか、②多様な行為主体(国家、国際機構、市民社会、企業等)が競合または複合の過程にどのように関っているか、または、競合や複合から生じる問題をどのように調整しているか、の二点を中心的な問いとして、事例分析を行った。成果は、国際・国内学会発表や論文発表を通じて逐次公開した。最終的には、編著『国際規範の複合的発展ダイナミクス(仮題)』(ミネルヴァ書房)として近刊予定である。