著者

長澤 徹 井岡 恵理 松谷 康之

出版者

一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会基礎・境界ソサイエティ/NOLTAソサイエティ大会講演論文集 (ISSN:2189700X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2015, 2015-08-25

著者

三谷 將之 対馬 洋二 長澤 徹

出版者

北海道教育大学

雑誌

北海道教育大学紀要. 第二部. A, 数学・物理学・化学・工学編 (ISSN:03675939)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.59-71, 1990-09

著者

長澤 徹 野村 恭子 竹之下 真一 平池 春子 土谷 明子 大久保 孝義 冲永 寛子

出版者

一般社団法人日本衛生学会

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, pp.18033, 2019 (Released:2019-06-13)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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Objectives: In academia, harassment may often occur and remain unrevealed in Japan, which discourages young researchers from pursuing their career. It is necessary to estimate and improve the perception of “academic harassment” among university faculties. Therefore, in this study, we aim to develop a scale of perception of academic harassment.Methods: Prior to a quantitative survey, a task team consisting of medical doctors, researchers, nurses, hospital workers, and managers in general affairs division identified 36 items related to academic harassment. In February 2016, we sent a self-administered questionnaire to 1,126 academic faculty members who worked in a medical university located in Tokyo, Japan. We instructed them to score the extent to which they consider each item as related to academic harassment based on a Likert scale. We carried out maximum likelihood factor analyses with promax rotation and computed Cronbach’s alpha to develop a scale and investigate the reliability of the scale.Results: In total, 377 returned the questionnaires (response rate, 33.5%; male, 73.8%). In factor analyses, we removed 17 items owing to low factor loadings, and four factors were eventually extracted. The first factor was termed “Harassment in organization (7 items)” because it included conditions of forcing a particular person to work on chores or lectures for students that may prevent one’s academic research outputs. The second factor was termed “Violence and denying personal character (4 items)”. The third factor was termed “Research misconduct (5 items)” including conditions of excluding a particular person from the coauthor list of research outputs or pressuring a person to fabricate, falsify, or plagiarize research outputs. The fourth factor was termed “Research interference (3 items)” including a condition of interference with conference attendance. Cronbach’s alpha values of these four factors ranged from 0.83 to 0.91, suggesting that the scale had high reliability. The means of these factors did not differ according to gender but were higher in participants aged 50 or older than in younger participants.Conclusions: The results suggest that the scale of perception on academic harassment consisting of four factors with 19 items is valid and reliable to some extent.

著者

鈴木 啓介 長澤 徹哉

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.5, pp.378-390, 1992-05-01 (Released:2010-01-28)

参考文献数

114

被引用文献数

34 32

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The present article deals with a short review on the recent methodological progress in O-glycoside synthesis. Particular stress is laid on the design of newer classes of glycosyl donor, which allow the selective activation/O-glycoside formation under specific reaction conditions. Based on the anomeric leaving group, glycosyl donors are classified into nine classes, 1) fluoride, 2) thioglycoside, 3) O-acylate, 4) O- and S-carbonate derivatives, 5) phosphate derivatives, 6) trichloroacetimidate, 7) 1-hydroxyl sugar, 8) 4-pentenyl glycoside, 9) glycal, and their selective activation methods are tabulated. Also described are the other approaches based on different principles, e.g., glycosylidene carbene, anomeric O-alkylation, internal cyclization or glycoside synthesis based on physical means;light, electric, thermal, and high pressure. Recent topics in this field are also included, 1) new protecting groups, 2) stereochemical control in manno- and 2-deoxy-sugars, and 3) the armed/disarmed concept.