- 著者
- Sogo Nishio Shingo Terakami Toshimi Matsumoto Toshiya Yamamoto Norio Takada Hidenori Kato Yuichi Katayose Toshihiro Saito
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 園芸学会
- 雑誌
- The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.OKD-093, (Released:2017-07-21)
- 被引用文献数
- 16
The chestnut (genus Castanea) has a long juvenile phase, and breeders have to wait three years or more to evaluate nut traits. Therefore, molecular markers associated with genes of interest are required to speed the selection process in chestnut breeding programs. Genetic linkage maps of the Japanese chestnut were constructed using two breeding populations derived from crosses between ‘Kunimi’ and breeding line ‘709-034’ (Kx709), and between ‘Porotan’ and ‘Tsukuba-43’ (Px43). Maps of the four parents and two integrated maps (one representing each cross) were constructed using 443 simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) and 554 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers. In the Kx709 integrated map, which was the most saturated of the six maps, 12 linkage groups were identified that covered 668.1 cM with an average distance of 0.8 cM between loci. Using anchor SSRs, these six maps were successfully aligned to the Chinese chestnut consensus map. We evaluated eight important traits, including several nut traits, to identify molecular markers associated with these traits. At least one significant quantitative trait locus (QTL) was detected for each of the eight traits (21 in total). Logarithm of odds (LOD) values and phenotypic variance explained by these QTLs ranged from 2.60 to 7.90 and from 11.6% to 29.1%, respectively. In the Kx709 population analysis, several QTLs for nut harvesting date (HARVEST) and pericarp splitting (SPLIT) were detected. Under the assumption that the effects of these QTLs are additive, the percentage of total phenotypic variance explained by the combination of QTLs was high for both HARVEST (47.5%–60.8%) and SPLIT (33.4%–41.7%). Because these mapping populations and their parents are essential materials for Japanese chestnut breeding programs, these QTLs will soon be used for marker-assisted selection to improve breeding efficiency.
- 著者
- Norio Takada Masahiko Yamada Sogo Nishio Yutaka Sawamura Akihiko Sato Noriyuki Onoue Toshihiro Saito
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 園芸学会
- 雑誌
- The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.OKD-030, (Released:2017-02-28)
- 被引用文献数
- 3
The pellicle of the Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc.) is difficult to peel, with the exception of the recently developed ‘Porotan’, whose pellicle peelability (PP) is high and controlled by a single major gene. The objective of the present study was to identify any genetic differences in PP in Japanese chestnuts with difficult-peeling pellicles. We detected a significant genetic difference in PP (evaluated as the nut surface area that peeled away without scraping with a hand knife after deep frying in cooking oil) among five Japanese chestnut cultivars grown in Tsukuba, Japan, using two trees in 2 years, and among three cultivars grown in five locations using a single tree in 1 year. We evaluated the PP of 32 Japanese chestnut cultivars/selections and one wild clone (Shibaguri-37) using a single tree in 3 years to quantify the variation. The broad-sense heritability of mean values over the 3 years was estimated as 0.67. Shibaguri-37 had the highest PP. The suggested new genes controlling the variation in PP have high potential in terms of breeding strategy for easy-peeling pellicles as an alternative to the major gene of ‘Porotan’, the use of which is likely to result in inbreeding.