著者

絵所 秀紀 Esho Hideki

出版者

法政大学経済学会

雑誌

経済志林 (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.2, pp.19-55, 1982-10-25

著者

山本 健兒

出版者

法政大学

雑誌

経済志林 (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.4, pp.87-180, 2005-03-07

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The purpose of this paper is to compare Munich and Berlin within the framework of Manuel Castell's theoretical thinking on space of flows and space of places. It is said that intermetropolitan competition for international business location has become severer and polarization as its byproduct is more and more apparent within the urban space under the globalization. These phenomena correspond to the concepts of space of flows and space of places. The most important spatial unit in the globalized space of flows is a metropolis as a node of information flows, capital flows, material flows, and flows of human beings. It is decision-making of corporations and governments that determines the quantity and characteristics of these flows. In the space of flows, metropolises gradually become to lose their own specificity, and they become to be stratified. Nevertheless, each metropolis continues to have differenciated and diversified places within itself, so that we can consider it a space of places, all of which show their own specificity respectively. Therefore, a metropolis can show its own specific feature even under the pressure of power of space of flows. As well as a number of European metropolises, both Munich and Berlin are the second important metropolises following London and Paris within the space of flows in the European scale. This is illustrated in the internet connections, media industry, innovative capability, flight passengers, location of international trade fairs, location of headquarters of big corporations, and evaluation as business location by big multinational corporations. Especially Munich is remarkable as a node of flows in the European scale and it exceeds Berlin in this sense, although it is not the capital of the nation state. The present author does not deal with all places in the both metropolises, but focuses on a problem district respectively. These problem districts are characterized with poverty and its related phenomena such as concentrations of unemployment, households of one parent and his/her children, migrant minorities and so on. That means that a new problem under globalization appears as some form of exclusion in the problem districts. Their locations and characteristics are, however, not the same between Berlin and Munich. Even within a same metroplis, there are various problem districts. In Berlin, most of them appear in the inner city, which were constructed in the late 19th century as a mixed district of dwellings, factories and commercial functions. The typical case is Kreuzberg, especially the so-called SO 36 district and the quarter around Kottbusser Tor. On the other hand, the phenomena in Munich are more apparent at the outer districts than at the inner city. A large number of the so-called social dwellings were developed on a large scale after World War II in the Munich outskirts. But there is also a problem district in the inner city of Munich, Schwanthalerhöhe, the construction history of which resembles Kreuzberg, and Berlin also has a problem district in the outskirts, where a large estate of high-rising apartment buildings were constructed in the 1970s and the 1980s under the regime of socialist government of German Democratic Republic. All the problem districts have their own characteristics respectively. Therefore, we can find variety of places within each metropolis, even if we focus only on the problem districts. The city authority, various non-profit organizations and people in the problem districts have tried to renovate the physical conditions and revitalize the social atmosphere in the problem districts both in Munich and Berlin. It is worthy of mention that citizens' participation including migrant minorities without full citizenship are considered important and practiced in the both metropolises. In the 1980s and the 1990s, careful renovation was promoted in Kreuzberg. And in 1999, the so-called quarter management was launched in 15 quarters in Berlin in the framework of the cooperative task between the federal government and the Land government. This project is supported by EU. The quarter around Kottbusser Tor in Kreuzberg is one of them. On the other hand, the so-called careful renovation has been continued in Schwanthalerhöhe of Munich since the 1970s. In the both cases, maintenance of intra-district variety in some senses and participation of the local people in the project is taken into account as key factors for the regeneration and revitalization of the problem districts and quarters. In this point, we can see important characteristics of European urban society. Nevertheless, Munich seems to be more successful also in the revitalization of the problem district than Berlin. The present author does not clarify the reason for it in this paper. He does not also discuss results and problems of the quarter management in Berlin. In order to conduct the research further, it should be important to shed light on the place identity of the local people. We should ask if it is possible for different groups in a locale to feel common identity or sense of belonging to a place. We cannot be optimistic, if we face the situation of the quarter around Kottbusser Tor.

著者

後藤 浩子

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.1-31, 2012-09

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In the research field of Irish history, William Petty (1623-87) has been seen as an English absentee who was granted land in Ireland during the Cromwellian era as a result of the Down Survey he carried out. Also, in the history of economic thought, he has been recognized as a founder of political arithmetic. Only scant attention has been paid to the relationship between his writings and his background. Recent research on Petty, however, has not only created an awareness of the importance of his concern to have Ireland improve and progress but has also given considerable attention to the context of his writings. In broad terms, his writings can be understood as a politico-economic theory of settlements for the purpose of the governance of the British Empire. This paper principally aims to analyze the formation of governmental reason (raison gouvernementale) in Petty's writings. To begin with, we define Michel Foucault's concept of governmentality (gouvernementalité) and his view on the formation of politico-economic thought in Great Britain, and compare this with the opinions of J. G. A. Pocock. Then, we analyze the influence of Francis Bacon and Thomas Hobbes on Petty, and, finally, we describe him as a founder of the Irish tradition of governmental reason.

著者

村串 仁三郎

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.1-52, 1982-03-15

著者

原 薫

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.1-2, pp.267-337, 2005-07-30

著者

杉橋 やよい

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = 経済志林 (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.4, pp.53-79, 2009-03-09

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The purpose of this article is to examine both a virtue and inherent limitations in the Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Technique, the most popular econometric method for analysing gender wage differentials. The technique is used to decompose the gender wage gap into two parts: the gender differences in endowment and the differential remuneration of that endowment. The second part is assumed to reflect 'discrimination'. The method has a virtue in quantifying the differences in characteristics and 'discrimination' within the gender pay gap. However, there are some critical limitations that are inherent in the method. (1) The extent of the gender differences and the extent of 'discrimination' depend on variables included in the wage equations.(2) The technique ignores discrimination within or outside the labour market, or women's reaction to discrimination in the workplace, thereby decomposing the gender pay gap into two parts. In other words, the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method implicitly assumes that wage gaps arising from differences in endowment are separate from those arising from labour market discrimination. The inclusion of variables that reflect labour market discrimination, such as occupational segregation, increases the estimated effect of 'gender difference in endowment' and decreases the estimated effect of 'discrimination'.(3) The explanatory variables are not independent, which causes some degree of multicollinearity.(4) Breaking down the gender pay gap by individual variables is misleading since the size of the constant and the contribution of the dummy variables in the unexplained portion of the model are influenced by the choice of the base categories for the dummy variables.

著者

村串 仁三郎

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, pp.5-60, 2021-03-20

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Mt. Fuji was listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 2013, and has become very overcrowded as a result.While the Mt. Fuji World Cultural Heritage Council was considering how to make appropriate use of Mt. Fuji as a world cultural heritage site, Yamanashi Prefecture authorities submitted a plan for the construction of a Mt. Fuji mountain railway in February 2020 to promote Mt. Fuji tourism.It is claimed that the plan is a good system to eliminate CO_2 emissions from cars by constructing a mountain railway on a toll road, called the Subaru Line, from the foot of Mt. Fuji at Fuji-Yoshida to the fifth station of Mount Fuji.Along with the construction of the Mt. Fuji mountain railway, the plan envisages the construction of infrastructure facilities such as station buildings, power plants, accommodation, restaurants, and toilets around the fifth station as well as the construction of a walking trail called "Otyudou." Furthermore, the construction of an intermediate station is expected, which means that there is a great risk of destroying the nature of Mt. Fuji and damaging the environment and its landscape.Despite the tourism season being limited to three months a year till now, this plan would extend the railway operations throughout the year, including the winter months, which is extremely dangerous due to the poor winter weather conditions.In the area around the fifth station of the Subaru Line, new development activities are hypothetically strictly regulated under the Natural Parks Act and the Cultural Properties Preservation Act. The Yamanashi Prefecture authorities have submitted the construction plan for the Mt. Fuji mountain railway in spite of these regulations. The reason behind this risky project is that it has the support of the Abe administration, which is pursuing an excessive tourism policy.The Fuji World Cultural Heritage Council and conservationists are opposed to this plan. In the midst of these circumstances, the coronavirus pandemic has brought political and economic activity to a standstill, and the progress of the project has been suspended. However, as the coronavirus pandemic comes to an end, it is possible that the opposition movement will be activated and bring the project to an end.

著者

尾形 憲

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3・4, pp.255-279, 1995-03-30

著者

菅 富美枝

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.2, pp.1-41, 2015-11-30

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During the recent reform of the Civil Code in Japan, there was some discussion about the need for clear provisions regarding the validity of contracts that are signed when one party has more bargaining power than the other. Such contracts quite often seem to be clearly advantageous to the former party. The practices engaged in when concluding such contracts also seem unfair. Although the proposed provision was dropped from the draft in the end, it is still believed that weaker parties, when negotiating a contract, should be protected from exploitation by stronger parties. In this article, the focus will be placed on the logistics of setting aside such contracts. It is concluded that what matters is not whether inequality exists between the parties, but rather whether the inequality can be assumed, on factual grounds, to have been abused. To put it another way, even in a situation where inequality in bargaining power exists, contracts can still survive if proper advice is proved to have been sufficient to eliminate the influence of the stronger party. This will motivate stronger parties to make arrangements for fair advice, and, as a result, weaker parties can be more empowered to enter into just contracts.

著者

原 薫

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.2-3, pp.69-171, 2003-12-20

著者

浅谷 眞弓

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = 経済志林 (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.3, pp.171-190, 2017-03-15

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.2, pp.9-39, 2022-03-20

著者

村串 仁三郎

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.4, pp.287-374, 2009-03

著者

中谷 安男

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.3・4, pp.11-42, 2020-03-20

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This study explores how persuasive literature review sections in Economics and Management Journals can be developed by using corpus data analysis. Although the importance of the critical review for developing a literature review section in research articles has been recognized, few studies precisely investigate the structure of these research genres. This study conducts a quantitative investigation of 100 representative research papers in social science by comparing the FBROWN and FLOB as reference corpuses. Keyword word analyses are introduced to examine relevant expressions in the research articles. The results indicate that the specific use of reporting verbs in a literature review has a significant effect on guiding readers in academic fields.

著者

奥山 利幸

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.4, pp.385-411, 2010-03-15

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The topology of closed convergence (Fell topology) has hitherto served as a standard model of neighboring preferences in economics. Grodal (1974) and Hildenbrand (1974) provided thorough analyses of the Fell topology for irreflexive, transitive, and continuous binary relations on a given set of alternatives. The purpose of this paper is to give a preliminary analysis of whether the Fell topology can be a rational model of neighboring preferences on the space of complete, reflexive, transitive, and continuous binary relations. I demonstrate, as an intermediate result, that the subspace of complete, reflexive, and continuous binary relations is closed, and hence compact, under the Fell topology.

著者

馬場 淳

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.3, pp.115-136, 2021-03-20

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The aim of this paper is to examine the structure and practical transformation of the Family Protection Act (No. 29 of 2013) against domestic violence (hereafter DV) in Papua New Guinea, taking the Melanesian response into consideration. First, I will describe how the Family Protection Act has a comprehensive, namely civil and criminal, legal framework against DV and its components in correspondence with the socio-cultural situation in Papua New Guinea. Second, focusing on actual operation in Manus Province, I will argue the process and reasoning regarding the transformation of the Family Protection Act from its original structure. The point is that the District Court and the police interpret and make use of the Act in relation to other existing measures, such as the Protection Order Rules (2008) and the District Court Act. This study is based on the author’s fieldwork conducted in Manus Province since the Protection Order Rules and the Family Protection Act came into force. The paper can also be considered as a case study for the comparative study of laws against DV in Melanesian countries, showing the Melanesian response to the international human rights regime in general.

著者

丹羽 典生

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.3, pp.21-42, 2021-03-20

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This paper describes the later life of the explorer Asaeda Toshio (1893-1968), who was born in Japan and was employed as an artist and photographer on several expeditions in the United States before the war. Details of his early life before he came to the United States and his activities on the expeditions have been revealed in previous studies. However, little is known about Asaeda's life after the expeditions, and there are few documents or articles on this part of his life that summarize the relevant facts. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to reconstruct the latter half of Asaeda Toshio's life after he ceased to participate in expeditions, during World War Two, up to the end of his life. By tracing the life of a peculiar Japanese American who lived in the U.S. during and after the war, I will also shed some light on the transformation of the world of natural history.

著者

飯田 隆

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.4, pp.353-360, 2002-03

著者

中山 幹夫

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 = The Hosei University Economic Review (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.55-108, 1995-07-30

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経済分析のための数学的方法として定着しているゲーム理論について,その誕生と初期の理論展開を学説史的に展望している.

著者

菅 富美枝

出版者

法政大学経済学部学会

雑誌

経済志林 (ISSN:00229741)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.33-53, 2012-09

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In Japan, when a person is given a deputy order by a court (i.e.placed under "guardianship") because they are incapable of handling their financial affairs, that person ceases to have the right to vote (Section 11 (1) 1 of the Japanese Electoral Law). This is so automatic that there are no further opportunities for them to claim that they are capable of voting. In Japanese law, there is no principle of "assumption of capacity" as provided in Section 1 (1) of the Mental Capacity Act in the U.K. The absence of this principle can easily cause "assumption of incapacity" in many different contexts. In addition, the principles "time-specific" and "issue-specific" are not established in Japanese law. This legal environment has meant that such an association (no financial management=no vote) has been left unquestioned by lawyers, politicians and the general public. Currently, the first case in Japanese legal history is being tried. The automatic deprivation of the right to vote is now being questioned from a "human rights" perspective. The real meaning of "democracy", which is to include "everyone" from various backgrounds, is now at issue.