著者
松宮 智生
出版者
国士舘大学体育学部附属体育研究所
雑誌
国士舘大学体育研究所報 = The annual reports of health physical education and sport science (ISSN:03892247)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, pp.19-27, 2017-03-31

In sports, athletes are divided by sex for most events. Since 1966, various methods have been used in testing to confirm sex. In some instances where competitors have been disqualified from women’s events, however, that testing has violated personal privacy and its results have yielded information unknown even to the competitors. Currently, the criteria for women are set based on levels of testosterone produced in the body, but the obvious reality is that there are no absolute standards that allow for clear distinctions between men and women. Various sexual identities are currently recognized, and systems are being developed to protect the rights of sexual minorities. Division of the sexes is considered a given in sports, but new systems of categories will probably need to be designed for sports as well. This paper presents a tentative proposal regarding competition formats as a basis for future discussions. Systems such as open categories that are open to both sexes and categories that are not segregated by sex could enable sports participants to approach their bodies and their sexual identities in a positive manner.
著者
三小田 美稲子
出版者
国士舘大学体育学部附属体育研究所
雑誌
国士舘大学体育研究所報 = The annual reports of health physical education and sport science (ISSN:03892247)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, pp.15-22, 2016-03-31

The purposes of this paper were to examine the relationship between music and sports and to consider the effects of music through an analysis of the music used in sporting competitions. This paper has focused specifically on music used in figure skating. Pieces of music that were used by gold medalists since 2000 were identified and each piece’s main features were examined. How well the skater’s movement matched the music was also examined. The music that is often used in competition changes key and tempo. The music combines sections in a different key and with a different tempo. In addition, many pieces that are used in figure skating are ethnic/folk music and have a narrative. The characteristics of the music inspired skaters to choreograph their performance, and they chose music that best fit their personality and technical strengths. All of the skaters sought to portray the atmosphere and delicate movements that the music conveyed during their routines. The music greatly affected the skaters’ performance. In light of these findings, music is closely related to sports.
著者
三小田 美稲子
出版者
国士舘大学体育学部附属体育研究所
雑誌
国士舘大学体育研究所報 = The annual reports of health physical education and sport science (ISSN:03892247)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, pp.1-8, 2017-03-31

The aims of this paper were to examine the structures of the human body and how they perform during singing and to explain the state of the body and posture. This paper also describes optional postures and how to achieve those postures.In order to produce a singing voice with a rich sound, a singer must:A. Enlarge resonance cavities to their maximum size and B. Breathe from the abdomen and keep breathing steadily. Optional posture A: 1. Lower the base of the tongue, 2. Raise the soft palate and connect the cavities in the mouth and nose.Optional posture B: Pull the diaphragm down sufficiently and try not to immediately return it to its original position when exhaling.
著者
山本 里佳 ROBEVA Neshka
出版者
国士舘大学体育学部附属体育研究所
雑誌
国士舘大学体育研究所報 = The annual reports of health physical education and sport science (ISSN:03892247)
巻号頁・発行日
no.38, pp.67-75, 2020-03-31

While there are numerous types of folk dance in Europe, the folk dances of Eastern Europe, and Bulgaria in particular, contain remarkably complex rhythms and steps. Neshka Robeva, the former head coach of the Bulgarian National Rhythmic Gymnastics Team, achieved a total of 294 medals in the major international competitions, including Olympics and World Championships, during her tenure from 1974 to 1999. Robeva incorporated Bulgarian folk dance elements into many of her Rhythmic Gymnastics routines. These routines have long held a place in the hearts of many people. As the first manuscript in a sequence on the choreography of Rhythmic Gymnastics and European traditional dance, this paper aims to clarify the relationship between "Nestinarstvo" ("Fire-walking"),a Bulgarian ritualistic dance that was listed as UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2009, and "NESTINARITE", a Rhythmic Gymnastics routine created by Robeva in 2000. The analysis of these pieces was conducted using video materials, interview data, and recorded materials. Since 2001, the rules of Rhythmic Gymnastics have tended to enumerate difficulty (Body Difficulty as well as Apparatus Difficulty).It is important to preserve a record of the "creator's worldview" of the Bulgarian Rhythmic Gymnastics of the 1980s, which was elevated to the level of art and philosophy, transcending the boundaries of sport.