著者

堀 咲子

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 : 文部科学省21世紀COEプログラム採択日本発信の国際日本学の構築研究成果報告集 = International Japan studies : annual report (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.17, pp.75-112, 2020-03

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the relationship between Emil Helfferich (1878-1972) and Japan, focusing on Helferrichʼs work with Japanese at East Java, his experiences during his 1924 and 1940 visit to Japan. And also to introduce his private Japanese collection. Although Helfferich was not irrelevant to the National Socialists, the purpose of the proposed thesis is not to focus on any political views or theories, but examining various perspectives based on international Japanese studies.Emil Helfferich was born fourth of seven children from a merchant family in Neustadt in the former Land Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany. His eldest brother was Karl Helfferich, Vice Chancellor of the German Reich in the World War I and financial expert during the Weimar Republic.As a boy, Emil Helfferich dreamed of distant lands and a career in the navy of the newly risen German Empire. However, since the naval officer career remained closed because of a slight visual impairment, he chose another path in life as an overseas merchant to the delight of his father.His autobiography "Ein Leben" describes Helfferich and how he came to the profession of being a merchant. His main interest was not business and revenue related but adventuring and exploring distant lands. Thus he became an overseas trader. He had met a number of Japanese traders and business individuals when he visited East Java.His collaboration with Japanese merchants, expanded his field of activities to East Java and later to Central Java, bringing him into contact with Java sugar culture, but even more, opening up a new world for him, Japan later.He twice traveled to Japan, wrote about the journey and his impression of Japan in "Ein Leben".In 1970, Helfferich moved back to his hometown of Neustadt an der Weinstrasse at the age of 92, handing over his collection and library catalogued under Emil Helfferich collection.He died in 1972 at the age of 94 years. His noteworthy collection of East Asian Studies has been in the East Asian Institute of the University of Applied Sciences Ludwigshafen since 1997.His Japanese collections consisting of arts and publications. There are dozens of Japanese Arts, such as Hasui Kawase (1883-1957), Gyokusei Tsukioka (1908-1994), a daughter of Kogyo Tsukioka, and Seiho Takeuchi (1864-1942), Satsuma ware, Kakejiku (Japanese hung scroll). And also there are around 140 collection of books related to Japan, mostly published in the prewar period.According to Japanese newspapers at that time, Emil Helfferich was only expressed on his political perspectives. However, it is clear that he was not only that categorized person, but he was, in short, a trader who has explored the world, and as an oriental art collector.

著者

デューリング エリー 石渡 崇文[翻訳]

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.15, pp.89-123, 2018-03-30

著者

ペン セタリン

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.151-164, 2009-03-31

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Although the Buddhism of Cambodia and Japan differ in belonging to the Theravāda and Mahāyāna traditions respectively, both share the concept of offering. The most famous Cambodian Jātaka tale concerning offering is Vessandor chiadok (Vessantara, the Prince of Offering), which one can see depicted on the walls of every Buddhist temple in Cambodia, while that of Japan is “Prince Sattva’s Self-Sacrifice” (Jp. Shashin shiko 捨身飼虎), which can be seen depicted on the Tamamushi shrine in the collection of the Nara temple Hōryūji. There are also some others like those given in the famous Japanese collection of tales Konjaku monogatari-shū, such as “The offering of the Rabbit Bodhisattva” (from Sassa Jātaka), and “The lion who gave his leg’s flesh to the goshawk in exchange for the life of a monkey’s baby” (thought to derive from King Sivi Jātaka of the Mahāyāna doctrine). According to the Bukkyō Indo shisō jiten (Dictionary of Buddhist and Indian thought, 1987), the term “offering” means to extend money or other material objects to monks or beggars. But as Mahāyāna Buddhism stresses the concept of rita 利他 (Skt. para-anugraha), in which “offering” tends to be understood as self-sacrifice for the sake of other people, the concept of “offering” in Theravāda Buddhism appears to differ from that of Mahayana Buddhism.This paper aims to study the differences and the similarities in the concepts of “offering” which appear in each country’s Buddhist tales, and examine how it is reflected in both cultures.

著者

鈴村 裕輔

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.37-61, 2021-02-26

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The Hong Kong Toyo Keizai Shimpo (香港東洋経済新報), started in June 1944 and had been issue until the 8th volume was a journal edited and published by Hong Kong Toyo Keizai-sha, a local subsidiary of Toyo Keizai Shimpo-sha. It was the Office of the Governor-General, Hong Kong Occupied Territory which supported Hong Kong Toyo Keizai-sha to publish The Hong Kong Toyo Keizai Shimpo, since the officials especially Governor-General Lieutenant General Isogai Rensuke (磯谷廉介) required the journal to take a role as an organ for propaganda efforts. On the other hand, the publisher tried to collect information about mainland of China and Southeast Asia as well as Hong Kong to report an actual figure and the truth of the area. In this paper we examined an editorial note of The Hong Kong Toyo Keizai Shimpo entitled with “Henshusitu-yori” (編輯室より, literally “From the Editorial Office”) respectively. In this way we demonstrated characteristics of the journal and sensitive conflicts between an official task and an editorial policy, sponsorʼs requirements versus editorʼs ideal.

著者

相良 匡俊

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.151-163, 2005-03

著者

ABIKO Shin

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.4, pp.39-56, 2007-03-31

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西周が「哲学」という訳語を案出し、西洋哲学の日本への移入に努めたことは知られている。そもそも外国文化の熱心な移入というのは、それ自身が文化現象として、優れて日本的と言えるものであるが、西洋文明の根幹をなす哲学の移入は、この点で、日本文化の特質を大いに照らし出すはずのものなのである。その最初の決定的なケースが西周の場合であった。彼において特筆すべきは、西洋哲学を移入する際に、プラトンやデカルト、カントといった形而上学の伝統にではなく、コント実証主義に向かったということ、しかもそのコント実証主義を全面的にではなく、とくに社会学を修正しつつ取り入れようとしたこと、である。科学の分類論に収束していくこの2点での西の議論の真意を探ることで、西を通してではあるが、日本文化の特質に触れていくことができよう。本論文での差し合っての結論は、西は(日本文化は)、「形而上学」と「社会学」とを必要とはしなかったということになる。NISHI Amane (1829–97) is known for having coined the term tetsugaku as a translation for "philosophy," and for his activities in introducing Western philosophy to Japan. The earnest introduction of foreign culture is of itself a cultural phenomenon that can be said to be typically Japanese, and in these terms a study of the introduction of philosophy, which forms the basis of Western civilization, should provide us with many hints about the particular characteristics of Japanese culture. Nishi was the earliest figure to have a decisive influence in this field. Of particular note is the fact that what he chose to introduce was not the metaphysics of Plato, René Descartes, or Immanuel Kant, but rather the positivism of Auguste Comte (1798–1857), and even that not in its complete form, but with an amended understanding of sociology. Investigating the intent behind Nishi's argument in connections with these two characteristics of his activities, which essentially boils down to the question of the classification the sciences, should enable us to draw some conclusions about the characteristics peculiar to Japanese culture. This paper, for the present, concludes that Nishi must have felt that metaphysics and sociology were not essential for Japanese culture.

著者

谷村 玲子

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.151-179, 2015-12-22

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Many textbooks for women were published in Edo-period Japan, particularly from the second half of the 17th century. These books covered a broad range of practical matters, as well as Confucian ethics. If we include revisions with the same title, there were over three thousand such books. The readers of these books were of townsman class, wealthy farmer class and lower samurai class. The literacy of women, particularly in kana, seems to have been quite high.Some textbooks recommended incense games (mon-ko) and shell games (kai-awase) as suitable arts for women. However, these games were part of high samurai culture, and girls of the townsman class would not meet them in their ordinary life, unless they were serving domain lords or high ranked samurai.The texts also encouraged girls to learn both literacy arts and performance arts, such as shamisen or chanoyu, Girls who did not have any skill with the shamisen were hardly ever employed by samurai, even though samurai officially regarded it as a “lecherous” instrument. On the other hand, girls who knew the manners of chanoyu as well as the shamisen were treated as better than the kitchen maids at samurai mansions.The goal of girls who served high ranked samurai was to gain the habits of samurai culture. Women serving in the families of high ranked samurai seem to have been an ideal figure for girls across class boundaries. The cultural distinction that women gained by serving at samurai mansions established an ideal image of “Japaneseness” for women.

著者

濱野 靖一郎

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.345-363, 2010-08-10

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Carl Shmitt defined sovereignty as the subject of decision making in exceptional situations, and hence set forth decisionism. That, in Japan, was set forth by Rai Sanyo in the Edo Period, as the decision making ken, which is the very condition for the monarch to function as a ruler.This essay focuses on the idea of ken as the premise of decision making, and how it was developed throughout the Edo Period. In Japan, the idea of ken has been debated in relation to the interpretation of the 29th article in chapter 9 of Lunyu.If we follow Zhū Xī’s interpretation, ken would obtain a double meaning: the actual judgment, and the validity of its outcome. This essay tracks what changed since in the interpretation of ken in Japan, in the context of analyzing Lunyu, which was carried out by numerous figures from Kumazawa Banzan to Ogyu Sorai.That change, in short, reaches the point where ken is established as judgment. The process of decision making was divided into that of decision and judgment, and while decision was being rejected, judgment substantiated its prevail. While politics came to shun the idea of judgment by an individual, Sorai established judgment on the sphere of personal life. Sorai then clarified the double meaning embedded by Zhū Xī with two analogies: one is the deed of saints, which is always right; another is the judgment of ordinary people, which no positive consequence is guaranteed.Using the explanation above, Sanyo presents the idea of ken to the world of politics. Here, ken is something that allows political decision making but does not guarantee the outcome, because a monarch is not a saint but merely an ordinary person.

著者

王 敏

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.3, pp.77-92, 2005-03

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Japanese dislike of China focuses on the following points: 1. its old-fashioned 'isms'(Communism, Socialism) ; 2. its economic backwardness; 3. its export of crime to Japan in the form of waves of illegal immigrants; 4. its insistence on a self-righteously Sinocentric view of history that sees its neighbors as client states.On the other hand, Chinese dislike of Japan arises from a sense that Japan is an arrogant country that has abandoned its traditional culture in an attempt to curry favor with the West. The Chinese find it difficult to appraise Japan as an advanced Asian country, and retain a certain anti-Japanese sentiment even while using Japanese products. China's modern history of fending off invasions has had a lasting effect. The sour notes in the Sino-Japan relationship are heard worldwide, and attract much unwelcome attention.The truth is, however, that the two countries have shared a history of friendly interchange for more than two thousand years. In order to rectify the present situation, we have no choice but to return to a study of the cultural interrelationship at its base. A target attainable from two different directions may become a practical reality if both sides take the time to study the strengths of their cultural interrelationship, and analyse the reasons behind the current disparities in mutual awareness. This task, practical but difficult at the same time, is one that international Japan studies must undertake.When contemplating the possibilities of Sino-Japanese dialogue through crosscultural communication, the experiences of foreign students, especially those who have returned to their home countries, become paramount. Students like this have real experiences of living in a foreign culture. Chinese who have studied in Japan have experienced the goodwill and efforts of their Japanese hosts, and have gone through the processes of mutual understanding, cooperation, and patience. They, more than anyone, should have valuable ideas for making the relationship between the two countries more complementary. They form a group of people who will be responsible for repairing the Sino-Japanese relationship, and their views of Japan and research on the country should prove to be excellent reference sources in the construction of international Japan studies. They provide valuable data for the author's topic of research: the cultural interrelationship of Japan and China, and analysis of the disparities in mutual awareness.In spring 2003, the author began a survey of Chinese who have studied in Japan. This report takes up the case of a single individual who experienced life and studied in the 'laboratory' of Japanese society. It is hoped that the fruits of this survey may contribute to the foundation of international Japan studies.

著者

鈴村 裕輔

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.53-74, 2020-03-25

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Saito Takao (斎藤隆夫, 1870-1949), who is a well-known statesperson from the Taisho Period to 1949, won 13 times in the General Election of the House of Representative since 1912. Keeping the seat Saito was appointed as the Parliamentary Vice-Minister of the Home Ministry in the Hamaguchi Cabinet, the Director-General of the Legislation Bureau of the 2nd Wakatsuki Reijiro Cabinet, a Minister of the 1st Yoshida Cabinet formed in 1946 and a Minister of the Katayama Tetsu Cabinet. He took an active role in the front line of the political world and had passed away in 1949.One of the most remarkable achievement of Saito is two speeches at the Diet: “An Interpellation on a Purge of Army” (粛軍に関する質問演説) in 1936 and “An Interpellation on Handling the Second Sino-Japanese War” (支那事変処理に関する質問演説) in 1940. In the former Siato criticized the governmentʼs attitude to the 26th February 1936 Incident and in the latter he denounced measures taken by the government. However, there is no study on Saitoʼs three articles contributed to the special issue “The Right Way of Parliamentary Politics” (議会政治の本道) published in the Jiji Shimpo in November 1936.In this paper, we examined the three discussions published in “The Right Way of Parliamentary Politics” and discussed Saito's comment on military intervention in politics and his trust in the people. In this way, we demonstrated that Saitoʼs defense parliamentary politics in terms of the provisions and practical use of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and his belief that each people might effectively prevent effectively military intervention in politics.

著者

藤田 智子

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.257-279, 2017-01-31

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This paper deals with illustrated storybooks with yellow covers called kibyōshi, which were published in Edo from the late 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century. In kibyōshi there were many expressions relating to the various kinds of potatoes that were daily food, such as sato-imo, yamano-imo, naga-mo and satsuma-imo (sweet potato). In particular, the kibyōshi which included the word imo (potato) in their titles or stories were 40. From their analysis emerged 4 patterns of the funny image of potatoes, which are discussed in the following sections, focusing on a representative title each.

著者

根本 千聡

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.340(71)-313(98), 2017-01-31

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This study has been undertaken with the aim of clarifying aspects of the music theory of tōgaku in the Heian and Kamakura periods (11th to 13th centuries). It surveys the use of the terms tada-byōshi and gaku-byōshi. The introduction explains background information and the significance of this study. The second section expresses my approach to this study. The third section surveys the historical sources for the description of the terms tada-byōshi and gaku-byōshi. Five music treatises are examined: Shin yakaku-shō, Zappi betsuroku, Zan’ya-shō (Fujiwara no Takamichi, 1220s'), Kaichiku-shō (Ōga-family music household, late Heian to Kamakura), Gakki (a part of Kasuga gakusho held by Kasuga Taisha shrine, early Kamakura). The fourth section reaches a conclusion, and suggests the possibility that the terms tada-byōshi and gaku-byōshi are related to the modern playing styles of tōgaku, namely kangen-buki and bugaku-buki.

著者

ガブリエル・デカマス 鈴村 裕輔

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 : 文部科学省21世紀COEプログラム採択日本発信の国際日本学の構築研究成果報告集 (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.12, pp.17-35, 2015-01

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In The Two Cultures (1959), C.P Snow argued that the intellectual life of modern societies was split into two cultures: science and the humanities. Yet, is this divide really so sharp? My presentation will examine the ways in which both disciplines, art and science, are not as distant as commonly assumed. I will start from today's impact of science onto the arts by analyzing the specificities and similarities of the post-Fukushima and post-Chernobyl artistic production, and will retrace the intimate link tying the two disciplines together back to the 19th century. This will allow me to demonstrate the "intra-actions" of the two disciplines - which means their "ontological inseparability" to use the concept developed by Karen Barad in Meeting the Universe Halfway (2007). Ultimately, this will also permit me to inquire the "intra-actions" between Japan and other parts of the world, and therefore offer a reflection regarding the question of national identity in Japan.

著者

鈴村 裕輔

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 : 文部科学省21世紀COEプログラム採択日本発信の国際日本学の構築研究成果報告集 = International Japan studies : annual report (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.65-75, 2017-01

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Tōyōkeizai Shimpōsha, the publisher of one of the prominent economic journals in Japan the Tōyōkeizai Shimpō, started to publish a new English journal entitled The Oriental Economist (TOE) in May 1934. It was part of the memorial project for a 40th anniversary of Tōyōkeizai Shimpōsha. TOE had an important role to be a source of accurate information for all nations of the world regarding economic, political and social conditions in Japan and the Far East and to criticise world affairs from the standpoint of Eastern people and thus invite fair criticism from the Western public. It was a result of a presence of TOE's Chief Editor, Ishibashi Tanzan (1884-1973). Ishibashi who was the President of Tōyōkeizai Shimpōsha and the Chief Editor of the Tōyōkeizai Shimpō, and a famous economist with his advocacy for an international cooperation and economic liberalism aimed to give a fair and impartial view of economic conditions in Japan and the Orient, free from nationality race and creed. In this, paper we examined situations surrounding TOE before and after starting and Ishibashi's role and contribution to TOE.

著者

鄭 敬珍

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 : 文部科学省21世紀COEプログラム採択日本発信の国際日本学の構築研究成果報告集 = International Japan studies : annual report (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.231-256, 2017-01

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The Kenka gashū zu picture scroll is of great importance in analyzing the relationships between Japanese and Korean literati in the 18th century. The reason for this is that persons of letters and recorders who were Korean envoys in the Joseon mission to Japan of 1764 and the literati of Kyoto and Osaka including Kimura Kenkadō, the eminent person of literati of Osaka, socialized with each other; and commissioned and created picture scrolls amongst themselves. The Korean envoy and recorder Song Dae Jung commissioned the creation of the Kenka gashū zu to Kenkadō; and Kenkadō asked the monk Daiten Kenjō to write the letters in the title and the afterword, while seven literati from Kyoto and Osaka including Kenkadō himself contributed poetry. Using the Kenka gashū zu, this manuscript identifies the kind of literati world that the literati of both countries desired; and examines the implications held by the scroll.Firstly, I reviewed the chronology of the creation of Kenka gashū zu from records such as the Hyegūroku, and I inspected records written by the Korean literati after they had seen the Kenka gashū zu and after the Korean envoys returned to their country. Through the analysis of the pictures, Kenkadō was the name of a garden, and considering that this was another name of Kenkadō himself, I adopted the notion of the "Scroll of Another Name." I focused on its style and its relation to the Kenka gashū zu, as well as the features of the Kenka gashū zu in terms of its expression. Lastly, I suggest the possibility that the world depicted in the Kenka gashū zu is the embodiment of the paradise-on-earth co-occupied by the literati of both countries. I analyzed the actual refined gatherings, and at the same time, the idealized versions of such gatherings that occurred in the literati space, or the so-called paradise-on-earth shared by the client and creators (of the scroll). Accordingly, at the behest of the client Song Dae Jung, Kenkadō intentionally placed a peach tree in the scroll while faithfully depicting characters and places, and by doing so, this gave rise to the possibility that Kenkadō used the world in the Kenka gashū zu to resemble paradise-on-earth. In light of this, using the Kenka gashū zu, it could be said that what the literati of both countries shared (or had in common) was "hobbies or tastes of the literati." It can be said that the Kenka gashū zu has important implications as a document that explores the universality of East Asian literati culture during the mid-18th century. There is a possibility that the socializing that occurred among the literati from both countries mainly in Osaka in 1764 left us with an outcome that exceeded the work of the Korean envoys of the Joseon missions.

著者

小林 ふみ子

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 : 文部科学省21世紀COEプログラム採択日本発信の国際日本学の構築研究成果報告集 = International Japan studies : annual report (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.59-63, 2017-01

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My essay in the title was published as a part of a book, Nihonjin wa Donoyouni Nihon wo Mitekitaka (How Japanese had been viewing Japan?, Yuko Tanaka (ed.), Tokyo: Kasamashoin, 2015), which was a part of the outcomes of our five years project based on this institute. A story that Ryukyuans was made disguised as Japanese was cited from a book titled Ryûkyû Neidaiki (A Chronicle of Ryûkyû), published in 1832 in the essay above without being found its origin. It turned out to be from a record of castaways from Satsuma (now Kagoshima pref.) to China in 1816, but the story seems to be extremely exaggerated in order to emphasize how Ryukyuans adored Japanese in the imagination of Japanese of the day.

著者

小秋元 段

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究センター

雑誌

国際日本学 (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.221-237, 2010-09

著者

小秋元 段

出版者

法政大学国際日本学研究所

雑誌

国際日本学 (ISSN:18838596)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.221-237, 2010-09

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The general consensus has been that Japanese kokatsuji-ban (old movable-type printing) originated in Korean movable-type printing technology, however in recent years we hear loud support for the theory that its rise emanated from Kirishitan printing technology. This paper firstly examines the process which suggests the connection between kokatsuji-ban and kirishitan-ban introduced in the Meiji period, following along the lines of work by Earnest Satow and Shinmura Izuru. It then adds to the investigation the various theories from recent years advocating the rise from kirishitan-ban. Although these are greatly significant in indicating the common features of Japan and Kirishitan movable-type technology from a technical point of view, if we refer to passages from Seso Jitsuroku and Yosai Sowa which are records about Korean movable-type technology, it is hard not to be convinced that kokatsuji-ban originates from chosen-ban (Korean printing).