著者
長井 和雄
出版者
教育哲学会
雑誌
教育哲学研究 (ISSN:03873153)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1984, no.50, pp.16-33, 1984-11-10 (Released:2009-09-04)
参考文献数
11

Zunächst mochten wir 'Erziehung' als 'die Unterstützung der Entwicklung des Bewusstseins' definieren. Auch in der Gegenwart ist die Erhöhung der Erkenntniskraft einer der Hauptzwecke der Erziehung. Die Philosophie Hegels enthält die Erkenntnistheorie und die Logik der Negativität als die der “Entwicklung des Bewusstseins”. Ferner mochten wir den Satz Hegels als Ansatzpunkt bestimmen : “Das unmittelbare Dasein des Geistes, das Bewusstsein, hat zwei Momente des Wissens und derdem Wesen negativen Gegenständlichkeit”. Sodann untersuchen wir (1) die Entwicklungsstufe des Bewusstseins von der “sinnlichen Gewissheit” bis zu dem “absoluten Wissen”, und (2) drei Momente hinsichtlich des “Begriffs”, Allgemeinheit, Besonderheit und Einzelheit, auch als den logischen Rahmen.In dem absolutistischen Denken Hegels ist so der Zusammenhang der Allgemeinheit mit der Besonderheit relativistisch und dynamisch. Aber in der Menschenbildung müssen wir vor allem und hauptsächlich den Gegensatz von Allgemeinheit und Einzelheit behandeln.Bei Hegel its der Gedanke leitend, dass die Allgemeinheit entschieden der Besonderheit und der Einzelheit logisch überlegen ist. Für die Pädagogik jedoch ist die folgende Aussage am wichtigsten : “Leben, Geist, Gott - sowie den reinen Begriffvermag die Abstraktion nicht zu fassen, weil sie von ihren Erzeugnissen die Einzelheit, das Prinzip der Individualität und Personlichkeit, abhält und so zu nichts als lebund geistlosen, farb- und gehaltlosen Allgemeinheit kommt”.Nun ist die Negativität nicht blosse Abstraktion.Betreffs der 'Sozialisation' in der Erziehung hat das Hegelsche Denken sehr grosse Bedeutung. Aber wir können die Rolle der 'Individualisierung' nicht geringschätzen. Überdies trägt in dem japanischen Sprachgebrauch die 'Individualität' den Sinn der 'Eigentümlichkeit der Inividualität' wie z. B. bei Schleiermacher oder W. v. Humboldt.Sogar “das absolute Wissen” als “die höchste konkrete Allgemeinheit” kann den pädagogischen Sinn der 'Individualität' nicht ausschöpfen.
著者
堺 正之
出版者
教育哲学会
雑誌
教育哲学研究 (ISSN:03873153)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1984, no.50, pp.34-48, 1984-11-10 (Released:2009-09-04)
参考文献数
48

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of Bollnow's 'hermeneutische Erkenntnistheorie' under the viewpoint that it succeeded and developed further Dilthey's Hermeneutik.This study proceeds in the following order : 1. Examination of the position of the 'elementare Verstehen' and the concept of the 'objektiver Geist' which renders the Verstehen. possible2. The problem of language (Sprache) which explains a community dimension of Verstehenand the element of language in the hermeneutical process.3. The characteristics of Bollnow's 'hermeneutische Erkennrnistheorie' and its importance for education.The following points became clear during this investigation : In Bollnow's 'hermeneutische Erkenntnistheorie' the development of 'Verstehen' is interpreted as the development and the maturing process of 'man'.Further, the connection between 'Vorverständnis' and 'Erfahrung von Neuem' is described so as to include the entire process of human cognitive activity.
著者
山本 雅弘
出版者
教育哲学会
雑誌
教育哲学研究 (ISSN:03873153)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1984, no.49, pp.42-56, 1984-05-10 (Released:2009-09-04)
参考文献数
48

The German youth movement at the beginning of the 20th century is generally interpreted as a movement of cultural criticism and as a spiritual movement exposing the petrified contemporary bourgeois culture. But this view fails to explain sufficiently the peculiar characteristic of this movement. The most radical and all-pervading common expression of the youth movement was definitely Wandern in nature. The Wandern activity as such contitutes the original characteristic of the youth movement. Aimlessness is the basic element of Wandern and it possesses a peculiar brightness and serenity of its own. Thus Wandern makes man turn to the fountains of life. As far as cultural criticism is concerned it has been pointed out that Bildung had become separated from the subject and thus become externralized; the youth movement, aware of this criticism, strove after an internalization of the world through a return to the springs of life. Only in this way true Bildung as the internal form of life can be conducted.
著者
加賀 裕郎
出版者
教育哲学会
雑誌
教育哲学研究 (ISSN:03873153)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1984, no.49, pp.57-71, 1984-05-10 (Released:2009-09-04)
参考文献数
34

It seems that Dewey's theory of the aim of education stressing 'growth' as the ultimate aim of education, is widely known and to a certain degree recognized. On the other hand, the meaning of growth is still ambiguous so much so that it may even be regarded as a mere slogan in education-a catchword without cognitivemeaning. In fact, such a paradoxical situation is partly due to ambiguities in Dewey's theory of the aim of education criticized by essentialists and reconstructionalists. However, on close examination, it becomes clear that many criticisms are put forth because of serious misunderstandings concerning Dewey's theory of growth; Dewey's theory of growth as the aim of education was built on the basis of thephilosophical foundations of his thought, a fact ignored in criticisms mentioned above. Hence, in this paper I would like to clarify the structure of Dewey' s theory of the aim of education with special emphasis on two of its aspects : the ultimate aim and the general or comprehensive aim in education.
著者
村井 実
出版者
教育哲学会
雑誌
教育哲学研究 (ISSN:03873153)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1984, no.50, pp.1-15, 1984-11-10 (Released:2010-01-22)
参考文献数
7

Among researchers the problem has frequently been discussed how the relation between the liberal and enlightened thinking which Mori maintained as a Deputy Ambassador in America and the nationalistic and centralistic attitude he took as Minister of Education in Japan is to be interpreted. By making a distinction between nationalism in education and nationalism in general, this paper attempts to point out the possibility of a new understanding of this problem, more in line with the interest of the history of educational thought.Looking at the problem from this angle, it turns out that Mori in his fundamental thinking was an educational nationalist throughout. This study tries to establish the logic of this assumption by means of an examination of Mori's works and at the same time it points out that this type of nationalism possessed characteristics, in terms of educational thought, peculiar to the Japanese in their entirety and consequently the attempt is made to emphasize the importance of interest in educational research of this type of nationalism.