著者

青井 秀夫

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1994, no.46, pp.176-181, 1994

著者

白井 孝一

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2008, no.68, pp.176-188, 2008 (Released:2017-01-31)

著者

長谷川 貴陽史

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, no.74, pp.64-77, 2011

著者

志田 基与師

出版者

The Japanese Association of Sociology of Law

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1994, no.46, pp.244-248, 1994-04-30 (Released:2009-01-15)

参考文献数

10

著者

長谷川 正安

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1964, no.16, pp.19-30,142, 1964

---

The writer points out three difficulties particular in studying of constitutional cases; first, in fact finding, because it should not be confined to relevant alleged wrongful conducts but be extended to its social and historical background within the constitutional process; next, in the necessity for analysis into judge's ideological prejudice, which represents their own views of social and political life in our community and which plays key role in counter-balancing the intervention into human rights on prevailing political power; finally, in establishing solid principle of stare decisis declared by the Supreme Court due to the relatively small number of its precedents with their conceptual ambiguity.<br>As to the purpose of studying constitutional cases, scholars are required to make minute analysis into the judicial decision-making relating to the constitution in the whole context of constitutional process. The theory based upon such an analysis is expected to be useful for the scholars who are forced to take a definite attitude either for or against the decision, as their practical means to influence the future decisions in realizing their constitutional goals and ideas.

著者

磯野 誠一

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1956, no.7-8, pp.235-264, 1956-07-20 (Released:2009-04-03)

参考文献数

55

著者

世良 晃志郎

出版者

The Japanese Association of Sociology of Law

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1955, no.6, pp.203-207, 1956-03-30 (Released:2009-04-03)

著者

広渡 清吾

出版者

The Japanese Association of Sociology of Law

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2005, no.63, pp.15-34,262, 2005-09-30 (Released:2011-04-13)

参考文献数

34

---

Judicial decision is not only an application of law but contains law making by the judge. It is well-known since the american legal realism and the german free law movement found out it.When we recognize it as a fact and furthermore use law making by the judge as an instrument for law making in order to settle the new coming problems in society, we should analyze the process of law making by the judge and try to adjust it to the principle of the separation of power between judicatory and legislative. Because law making should not be the task of the judge but belong to power of legislative.In this paper we discuss the problem how we can control law making by the judge in order to prevent an arbitrary judgement and the methodology on judicial decision that controls the process of law making by the judge. In japanese and german context law making against statutory law can be permitted exceptionally. According to the methodology law making against statutory law (houritsu. Gesetz) must be made within the higher law order (ho. Recht). What is the higher law order? Sociology of law should research into this problem in collaboration with methodological jurisprudence.

著者

佐藤 俊樹

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1997, no.49, pp.63-73,253, 1997

---

Since 1984, Japanese organizations obtain a new worker-category "Sougoushoku Josei" (White-caller women in integrated course), which is made by the law "Koyoukikai-kinntouhou". Many disputes observed arround them, and most of them are not resoluted until now.<br>The Japanese organization and their dispute resolution depend much on implicit role -expectation under long-term social relation. "Sougoushoku Josei" is made by law, and no social role corresponds to it. So there is no creiterion or base of organizaional dispute resolution, and because of it, mutual misunderstandings are duplicated and complicated. This situation not only makes many disputes unresoluted, but also produces new dispute on dispute resolution itself.<br>In this paper, using some examples from a Japanese enterprise, we show the social mechanism of this multiple dispute-situation and take consider on some ways of resoluting it.

著者

嶋津 格 森池 豊武

出版者

The Japanese Association of Sociology of Law

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1992, no.44, pp.2-17,341, 1992-04-30 (Released:2009-01-15)

参考文献数

16

---

It is illuminating for the understanding of Hayek's theory of law to summarize his arguments for the refutation of socialism, or collectivist economic planning, which were started in as early as 1935 and have constantly been enriched till his latest Fatal Conceit. His theory of law is laid as one of the cornerstones of the normative part of his entire social theory, in which individual freedom under the rule of law is contrasted with serfdom in collectivism. But although his line of thought is attractive enough, I find his theory about what the law in the era of active legislation should be like not very clear and open to our imaginative interpretations. So, in order to proceed in the task of giving a more explicit Hayekian conception of legislative law, I start from his idea about what legislation should not be like, which is quite unequivocal.

著者

和田 幹彦

出版者

The Japanese Association of Sociology of Law

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2005, no.62, pp.41-53,191, 2005-03-30 (Released:2011-04-13)

参考文献数

15

---

Genetic sciences, especially in the area of molecular biology, pose serious challenges and problems to us in the 21st Century. Genetic information of individuals gives new hopes and worries to patients and their families in their medical decision-makings. New technologies may also make human germline engineering possible and safe in the near future.The first half of the paper discusses the autonomy of patients and of their families in medical decision-makings, while we face awesome developments in genetics and genetic information. If a simple informed consent represented the autonomy in the last decades of the 20th Century, should our autonomy in the 21st Century include our right (or duty) of letting our family and relatives know of their potential genetic information and genetic (advantages or) risks? Should it also include our and their right to "remain in blessed ignorance"? The novelty facing us in this century is that newly accessible genetic information of individuals (1) does not change, in that his DNA sequences stay the same life-long, (2) does not necessarily indicate the current physical condition, but could predict probabilities of certain diseases, (3) may lead to such prediction that may bring about discrimination, and finally, (4) may lead to presumptions on genetic information and conditions of families and relatives. The individual autonomy in this century, therefore, may afflict and conflict with the autonomy of others, even more than it did in the last century. The paper cites and discusses in details a lawsuit decided on April 25, 2003 in Tokyo District Court, then later on January 27, 2005 in Tokyo High Court, where the plaintiffs (parents) were awarded generous compensation for not being informed by physician (s) of genetic risks of having new babies, even after their first born had a severe genetic disease. The paper proposes that professional genetic counseling would be a key solution to such newly arising (legal) problems of this century.The second half of this paper discusses reproductive human cloning and germline engineering, i.e. "Designer Children." Japan, in step with several other countries, prohibited reproductive cloning by law. There still are, however, limitations to the current regulation of genetic technologies in the international community. This paper discusses the recent "trial and error" by an Ad Hoc Committee and Sixth Committee of the United Nations General Assembly on an International Convention Against the Reproductive Cloning of Human Beings. They failed to agree on this treaty to ban reproductive human cloning despite the prevalent consensus that cloning babies should be prevented. The paper discusses then how the miscarriage of the International Convention might have closed the path to a future multilateral agreement to regulate or prohibit germline engineering. The discussions cover the "charm" as well as the risk, and the pros and cons of designing children. The paper contends that any potential regulation of germline engineering must consist of pragmatic measures that are viable within existing legal and social structures.Finally, the paper discusses how law and regulation, including timely provision of appropriate genetic counselors and counseling, might fail to keep up with the rapid development of science and technology. A common criticism voiced in Japan is that law, legal regulation, and social controls cannot level with the fast development of science and technology. The solution would be proposing and stockpiling possible and pragmatic measures well in advance, before another Dolly II the Designer Sheep would alarm us. Also, we probably should not expect a one and only truthful answer to all the bioethical questions on novel biotechnology and life sciences. Diversity, be it on the national or the international level, requires and should tolerate diverse responses to those questions.

著者

中河 伸俊

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1994, no.46, pp.234-238, 1994

著者

宮澤 節生

出版者

有斐閣

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

no.63, pp.46-74, 2005

著者

長谷川 貴陽史

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2008, no.68, pp.12-24, 2008

著者

丸山 茂

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2008, no.69, pp.223-229, 2008 (Released:2017-01-31)

著者

平松 紘

出版者

The Japanese Association of Sociology of Law

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1974, no.27, pp.165-169, 1974-10-10 (Released:2009-01-15)

参考文献数

7

著者

曽我 謙悟

出版者

有斐閣

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2010, no.73, pp.262-267, 2010

著者

小野坂 弘

出版者

有斐閣

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

no.60, pp.35-46, 2004

著者

松本 克美

出版者

The Japanese Association of Sociology of Law

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2000, no.53, pp.165-179,249, 2000-12-20 (Released:2009-01-15)

参考文献数

65

---

In disen zwanzig Jahren sind viele Prozesse für Lungestaub und Kriegsentschädigung gemacht worden. Ich gehe auf Zurückbringen der Lösung der Konflikten durch Verjährung und Ausschulssfristen in disen Prozesse ein. Dabei lege ich Gewicht auf Reife der Bedingungen der Rechtsausübung. In disen Prozesse war es lang schwierig, dass man seine Rechte ausüben. Ich denke, dass die Beklagten die Verjärung und Ausschlussfristen in disen Prozesse nicht berufen und behaupten konnen, weil es unzulässige Rechtsausübungist Und man soll darauf eingehen, die Konflikt durch Gesetzgebung auflösen.

著者

加藤 雅信

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1992, no.44, pp.142-147,336, 1992

---

This paper introduces the "Comprehensive Compensation Scheme" which was proposed by the author several years ago. The Comprehensive Compensation Scheme is a fund system composed of three branches of liability insurance, self-defense insurance and fund indemnity. Each branch is devided into several sections, such as automobile accidents, industrial accidents, atomic energy damages, etc. The auther's proposal was followed by Professor Tanase's critiques. This paper also points out that Professor Tanase's argument lacks historical view points.