著者

長谷川 淳一 市橋 秀夫

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.6, pp.689-704, 2002-03-25

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Until the late 1980s, the British Labour Party under the leadership of Gaitskell and Wilson was perceived to have been much less successful than the Party had been under Attlee. But in recent years, with the emergence of 'New Labour', more sympathetic analyses have gained ground. This article will reassess the various interpretations through surveying both old and recent writings on the Labour Party of the 1950s and 1960s. In particular, we will look closely at the much questioned attempts by Gaitskell and Wilson to modernise the Party : the removal of Clause IV, the widening of the Party's electoral appeal, and the modernising of Britain through a 'scientific revolution'. Overall, faced by the increased affluence of the 1950s and 1960s, it became more and more difficult for the Labour Party to continue an interventionist stance. On balance, we accept the view that modernising projects were inevitable and necessary. However, Labour revisionists failed to show their own coherent version of a socialist Britain. We also find some difficulty in rehabilitating Wilson and his governments. Although he successfully united the Party traditionalists and modernisers with a new vision of a socialist society, once elected his priority was to remain in office rather than to make and implement policy.

著者

岡倉 古志郎

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.5, pp.22-43, 1944-08-15

著者

斎藤 修

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.5, pp.519-539, 2005-01-25

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In early modern north-western Europe, real wages were on the decline while per capita GDP increased. In contrast, wage growth in Tokugawa Japan went hand in hand with output growth. Based on the author's own new estimates of real wage series, this paper examines several factors that are thought to have accounted for this contrast between Japan and the west: urban growth, overseas/long-distance trade, rural industrialisation, agricultural growth and an 'industrious revolution' in de Vries's sense. It is suggested, firstly, that the common denominator found in both European and Japanese cases was Smithian growth - a productivity growth associated with the proliferation of trades, which often took the form of the functional separation of the manufacturing of intermediate goods from other branches of the trade and, hance, of increasing market competition. Secondly, however, in Tokugawa society the upper and upper-middle layers remained thin: mercantile capitalism and the samurai were the losers in the process of economic change. Thirdly, at the bottom layer of the structure was the resilient and flexible peasant family, which could cope with both agricultural intensification and rural industrialisation without disintegrating. These accounted for the absence of any gap between real wage growth and per capita GDP growth in Japan's pre-modern economic development.

著者

ルードルフ クーヘンブーフ 小倉 欣一

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.544-547, 1996-11-25

著者

加納 啓良

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.133-136, 1996-05-25

著者

野村 正實

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.5, pp.607-610, 2005-01-25

著者

佐口 和郎

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.576-580, 1988-12-25

著者

栗本 慎一郎

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.323-341, 426-425, 1979-01-10

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The very paper read at the national conference of Socio-Economic History Society of May, 1978, was already published at a periodical Shiso, No. 647, with the title of "Economic Anthropology and Economic History'. Therefore this newly writtem essay presents firstly economic anthropologists' radical concepts related to the origins of economic institutions, and secondly their comments on Marxist conception of history, as a complement to the above-mentioned paper. Polanyi, the founder of new economic anthropology, asserts that trade, money and market have their separate origins. Some forms of trade and various money uses gain great importance in economic life, independent of and precedent to markets. Even where market elements are presents, they do not necessarily involve the existence of a supply-demand price mechanism. Prices (equivalencies) are originally set by tradition, and their change, if it occurs, is brought about by such institutional means, not by market methods. Polanyist's (substantivist's) views naturally leads us to the position critical against Marxist economic history. We indicate that the substructure of society, production style, should not be purely materialistic, but just epistemological. Relating to this, a French Marxist, Louis Althusser's understanding about it and history can be regarded as thoughts with some same base as ours. Materialistic conception should be epistemological, if it is to try to keep valid.

著者

熊谷 次郎

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.105-108, 1995-05-25

著者

川北 稔

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.205-208, 1971-08-20