著者

宇治澤 優 中野 薫 松倉 良徳 砂原 公平 小松 周作 山本 高郁

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.12, pp.1015-1021, 2006-12-01

---

The technology which reduces the reducing agent rate by the improvement in the reaction efficiency of blast furnace leads to reduction of hot metal manufacturing cost, but also solution of recent CO_2 emission reduction. The subjects for achievement of the blast furnace operation with low reducing agent rate were described on reduction measures of the carbon consumption and problem of the measures referring to the example of reducing agent rate of the present state blast furnace concerning blast operation and reactive improvement. And, carried out concrete measures were introduced in order to aim at the low reducing agent rate operation. The following results were obtained. 1) Since it has reached the already high reaction efficiency in present state blast furnace, it is not easy to attempt further reduction of the reducing agent rate. 2) The blast furnace use of high reactivity coke or reduced iron is equal level or over it in comparison with the reduction effect by the assumed blast operation in this paper. 3) The promotion of coke reaction load with the gasification is worried, when it aims at the low reducing agent rate operation by the high reactivity coke use. 4) It is estimated that the threshold also exists for the reducibility of competing ore, when it aims at the low reducing agent rate operation using the high reactivity coke. 5) The use of the low SiO_2 sinter is effective for the improvement on the permeability in the blast furnace, when it aims at the low fuel rate operation. However, the new technology of the permeability improvement is desired, since there is some a limit for low SiO_2 of the sintered ore, when future raw material supply and demand is considered.

著者

中本 伊佐雄 斉藤 恕 豊田 敏夫 水牧 勝美

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.11, pp.1161-1166, 1955-11-01

---

As the first step of the studies on the production of calcium silicide, the authors investigated the composition both of slags and inclusions in it and obtained the following results ; (1) Slags produced by CaO as well as CaC_2 method always gave a higher value over 100% as the sum of analytical fractions and their properties were very different from those to be considered from the values. But we found that the properties did not depend upon the metallic particles. (2) SiC in the slags of CaO-SiO_2-SiC-CaC_2-C system was easily determinable by our method in which the sample was heated in air at 800±20℃ for several hours before analysis of SiC. (3) From the results obtained by this method, the slags of the above two kinds contained 10∿20% SiC and the sum obtained by the usual method could be deduced approximately to 100%. (4) In conclusions we found that a fact had been overlooked that a considerable quantity of SiC was dispersing and followed when the slag was tapping out from the furnace on the normal operations. Moreover the behaviour of SiC was discussed metallurgically.

著者

高山 透 日野谷 重晴 石黒 三岐雄 黒澤 文夫 安原 久雄 源内 規夫 千野 淳 九津見 啓之 儀賀 義勝 助信 豊 内山 雅夫 石井 実

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.2, pp.147-152, 1996-02-01

---

The method for isolation and determination of TiN and (Ti, Nb)(C, N) precipitated in Nb-Ti bearing steels has been investigated in the cooperative research of the Precipitate Analysis Subcommittee of Iron and Steel Analysis Committee of Iron and Steel Institute of Japan. Also, the precipitation behavior of TiN and (Ti, Nb)(C, N) in the steels has been studied. The results are summarized as follows ; (1) TiN, (Ti, Nb)(C, N) and other precipitates were extracted by potentiostatic or galvanostatic electrolysis in 10% acetylacetone-1% tetramethylammonium chloride-methanol electrolyte. (2) Only the TiN in the above mentioned precipitates was insoluble and remained by 60℃-10% bromine-methanol solution treatment. Consequently, the amount and composition of TiN and (Ti, Nb)(C, N) could be determined quantitatively by analysis of the residues extracted by using the method of (1) and the residues after this treatment. (3) The size of TiN was several micrometers, the amount of TiN did not change with heating temperatures between 1000 and 1250℃, and the atomic ratio of Ti to N was stoichiometrically one to one. (4) Total amount of Ti and Nb in the precipitates decreased with an increase in heating temperature, because the small size of (Ti, Nb)(C, N) dissolved. (5) Both lattice constant and composition changes in (Ti, Nb)(C, N) showed that Nb and C dissolved preferably into the matrix and the composition of the precipitates approached to that of TiN with an increase in heating temperature. (6) Such behavior of precipitates agreed well with rough calculation from the solubility products.

著者

明石 正恒 見城 孝雄 川本 輝明

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.10, pp.A185-A188, 1982-08-01

著者

星 秀夫 佐々木 稔

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.1, pp.103-107, 2005-01-01

---

Following research into methods for making practical use of Japanese swords, the following points were noted, (1)Upon examination of the forging face, it was found that the microstructure, hardness, and residual stress differed (2) In order to discover more about clad forging, a pre-heat treatment of the full annealing process was necessary (3) Especially in the core steel, non-metallic inclusion was noted in the area of the sharp side of sword (4)Upon examination of sample A, B, and C, all were found to contain pure material, the sample C however had high amount of Ti, Ca and V (5) Ordinary a core hardness of Hv 200 is obtained by addig O 1% C while quenching, however, an edge hardness of Hv 700〜800 can be easily obtained by the addition of 0 5〜0 6% carbon (6) Compared to other research materials, sample C had a low residual stress after compressive stress, however, sample C showed signs of past tempering and grinding that may account for the low residual stress It is assumed not to be an error in measurement (7) Upon examination of the microstructure, the central portion of the sword showed overheating in low carbon steel ferrite Follow-up research on old and new sword should include the traditional Japanese sword virtues of strength, cutting ability, and flexibility

著者

岩切 治久 北村 雅司 阿部 利雄 西田 清二 山本 勲

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.10, pp.A147-A150, 1986-08-01

著者

平戸 崇博 醍醐 市朗 松野 泰也 足立 芳寛

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.1, pp.96-101, 2009-01-01

被引用文献数

2 16

---

Recently, prices of natural resources have rapidly risen, so recovery of materials from the end-of-life products as secondary resources is of great interest. However, it is generally a challenging task to estimate the in-use stock of materials, especially in developing countries, because of lack of data. In this paper, two approaches, a top-down approach and a bottom-up approach, were adopted for estimating the in-use steel stock in end uses. A top-down approach uses time-series data of consumption and trade of materials and product lifetime data, whereas a bot-tom-up approach uses the numbers of units of a specified product in a designated area and its material intensities. In this paper, the steel stock in Japan divided into six end uses was estimated by the top-down approach. The steel in-use stock in Japan was estimated as approximately 1,000Tg in 2005. Steel stock in automobiles in 2005 was estimated as 105Tg by the bottom-up approach and compared with that estimated as 125Tg by the top-down approach. In addition, applying the bottom-up approach, steel stock used in automobiles in U.S. was estimated and compared with that obtained by the previous research using a top-down approach. Steel stock used in automobiles in 2000 in U.S. was estimated as 480-870Tg by the top-down approach and 754-767Tg by the bottom-up approach. Both approaches have some uncertainties in the parameters used in the estimation. Therefore, complementary use of the two approaches is helpful to estimate in-use stock of materials.

著者

松本 龍太郎 田口 勇 小野 昭紘

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, 1973-03-10

著者

朝生 一夫 狩野 俊之 白石 典久 山浦 茂義

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.4, 1978-03-03

著者

朝生 一夫 和中 宏樹 飯田 義治 内田 清 狩野 征明 山野辺 二郎 馬場 俊晃

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.4, 1979-03-05

著者

柚原 俊一

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.7, pp.N387-N388, 1995-07-01

著者

秋山 友宏 八木 順一郎

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.12, 1987-09-04

著者

秋山 友宏 高橋 礼二郎 八木 順一郎

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.15, pp.2108-2115, 1987-11-01

被引用文献数

2

---

In order to make a clear evaluation of overall energy requirement for the production system of directly reduced iron through pellet from iron ore powders, exergy analysis was applied to the two systems. The first one consists of pelletizing, firing and reduction processes (Fired pellets method) and the second one includes pellets curing process instead of firing process (Cement bonded pellets method). Being compared with enthalpy balance, exergy analysis has two advantages in that the exergy expresses the quality of energy and evaluates different kinds of energy like chemical, thermal, pressure, mixing energies and so on by a unified measure. As a result of exergy analysis, fired pellets lose less exergy than cement bonded pellets in the reduction process in a shaft furnace. As the overall system, however, exergy requirement in the cement bonded pellets method is about 50% of that in the fired pellets method. This marked difference is caused by the large exergy loss in the firing process. Furthermore, exergy loss in the production of cement bonded pellets will be decreased by decreasing the amount of cement added as binder.

著者

八木 順一郎

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.15, 1987-11-01

著者

奥野 利夫

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.N23-N24, 1994-01-01

著者

秋山 友宏 八木 順一郎

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.3, pp.177-184, 1996-03-01

被引用文献数

3

---

The concept of zero emission of waste material in the manufacturing process has been focussed worldwide for more efficient utilization of fossil fuels and environmental protection. In this study, background and feasibility of symbiotic ironworks based on this concept were discussed from the state-of-the-art technology in catalyst and heat storage/transportation. One possibility is ironworks with methanol industry, in which charged coke is partially replaced by natural gas and the hydrogen-enriched blast furnace offgas (BFG) is used as raw material for methanol synthesis. The results of systematic analysis demonstrated that this system leads to not only exergy saving but also less emission of greenhouse gas (GHG). The key technology is to develop a catalyst for BFG of CO_2-CO-H_2 system. Another one is "urban-symbiotic ironworks", where excess outflow energy from ironworks is efficiently employed as a utility for household affairs. The use of latent heat and reaction heat is being planned in this system for thermal energy recovery and transportation. Possible energy recovery processes for the waste heat remaining in the ironmaking industry was reviewed, together with the detailed concept of 'urban-symbiotic ironworks' as an energy supplier. In particular, the use of phase change materials (PCMs) and of hydrogen storage alloy as the new technologies was fundamentally promising.

著者

不破 祐 萬谷 志郎 戸崎 秀男

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.11, 1969-09-10

著者

永井 忠弘 中川 美男 奥野 嘉雄 草野 祥昌

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.11, 1977-09-05

著者

大村 泰三 佐平 健彰 迫ノ岡 晃彦 米沢 登

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.12, pp.1550-1559, 1976-10-01

---

Influence of the minor alloy constituents such as Al, Mn and Si on the hot corrosion behavior of Ni-20Cr-20W-0.07C alloy was studied in 99.995% helium gas at 1000℃, comparing with that behavior of commercial Ni-base superalloys (Hastelloy X and Inconel 617). The low oxidizing potential in the impure helium gas usually causes selective oxidation of these elements and the growth of oxide whiskers on the surface of specimen at elevated temperature. The intergranular attack was caused by selective oxidation of Al, Si and Mn. The spalling of oxide film was restrained by addition of Mn and Si, providing tough spinel type oxide film on the surface and 'Keyes' on the oxide-matrix interface respectively. The amount and the morphology of the oxide whiskers depended on Si and Mn content. More than 0.29% of Si content without Mn always caused the growth of rather thinner whiskers with smooth surface, and the whiskers analyzed by electron diffraction patterns and EPMA to be Cr_2O_3 containing Si. Mn addition changed the whiskers to thicker ones of spinel type oxide (MnCr_2O_1) with rough surface. On the basis of these results, the optimum content of Al, Mn and Si to minimize the growth of whiskers, the intergranular attack and the spalling of oxide film was discussed.

著者

熊谷 正人 内村 良治 吉川 文明 河合 隆成

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.4, 1981-03-05