著者

Thi Hong Van Le Gwang Jin Lee Huynh Kim Long Vu Sung Won Kwon Ngoc Khoi Nguyen Jeong Hill Park Minh Duc Nguyen

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.11, pp.950-954, 2015-11-01 (Released:2015-11-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

21

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Chemical and pharmacological studies of Panax vietnamensis (Vietnamese ginseng; VG) have been reported since its discovery in 1973. However, the content of each saponin in different parts of VG has not been reported. In this study, 17 ginsenosides in the different underground parts of P. vietnamensis were analyzed by HPLC/evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). Their contents in the dried rhizome, radix, and fine roots were 195, 156, and 139 mg/g, respectively, which were extremely high compared to other Panax species. The content of protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type saponins were not much different among underground parts; however, the content of protopanaxadiol (PPD)- and ocotillol (OCT)-type saponins were greatly different. It is noteworthy that the ginsenoside pattern in the fine roots is different from other underground parts. In particular, despite the content of PPD-type saponins being the highest in the fine roots, which is similar to other Panax species, the total content of saponins was the lowest in the fine roots, which is different from other Panax species. The ratios of PPT : PPD : OCT-type saponins were 1 : 1.7 : 7.8, 1 : 1.6 : 5.5, and 1 : 4.8 : 3.3 for the rhizome, radix, and fine roots, respectively. OCT-type saponins accounted for 36–75% of total saponins and contributed mostly to the difference in the total saponin content of each part.

著者

Toshimasa Toyo’oka Ruri Kikura-Hanajiri

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.10, pp.762-769, 2015-10-01 (Released:2015-10-01)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2 22

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A reliable method using supercritical fluid chromatography with mass spectrometry (SFC-MS) was developed for cannabinoids using compressed carbon dioxide (CO2) and methanol as the mobile-phase. The cannabinoids, i.e., cannabicyclohexanol (CCH: cis-isomer), trans-CCH, 5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2-[(1R,3S)-3-hydroxycyclohexyl]-phenol (CP-47497), 5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2-[(1R,2R,5R)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexyl]-phenol (CP-55940), 3-(1,1′-dimethylheptyl)-6aR,7,10,10aR-tetrahydro-1-hydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-methanol (HU-210), 2-[1R-3-methyl-6R-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol (CBD), (1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-naphthalenyl-methanone (JWH-018), (1-butyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-naphthalenyl-methanone (JWH-073) and 1-(1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone (JWH-250), were determined within 12 min using a conventional column (2-EP) for SFC. Furthermore, two optical isomers of CCH and trans-CCH were completely and rapidly separated by a chiral stationary phase column (AMY1). A highly sensitive detection (0.002–3.75 ppb) was also obtained by these methods using 2-EP and AMY1 columns. These methods were applied to the qualitative and quantitative determination of cannabinoids in dried plant products. Although the concentration and species were different in the products, JWH-018, JWH-073 and CCH, including the cis-isomer, trans-isomer and the optical isomers, were detected in the products. Therefore, the proposed SFC-MS method seems to be useful as an alternative method to GC-MS and LC-MS for illegal drugs, such as cannabinoids.

著者

松山 賢治 山下 親正 野田 敦子 後藤 茂 野田 浩司 市丸 保幸 五味田 裕

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.10, pp.4089-4095, 1984-10-25 (Released:2008-03-31)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

16 26 23

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Isonicotinoyl-γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (IG) and nicotinoyl-GABA (NG), candidate prodrugs of GABA, were assessed by measuring various pharmacological responses such as anticonvulsant effect, prolongation of pentobarbital sleeping time and depressive effect on rearing or ambulation in general behavior, in relation to the GABA level in the mouse brain. The GABA level after the intraperitoneal administration of IG at a dose of 1000 mg/kg increased significantly from 2.30±0.02μmol/g wet wt. in the control to 2.93±0.05μmol/g wet wt., while NG caused only a slight increase in GABA level. IG showed a stronger anticonvulsant effect, greater prolongation of pentobarbital sleeping time and greater depressive effect on rearing in general behavior than NG did. The pharmacological effect of IG or NG corresponded well to the GABA level in the brain.

著者

ATTA-UR-RAHMAN Muhammad Iqbal CHOUDHARY Safdar HAYAT Abdul Majeed KHAN Aftab AHMED

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.105-107, 2001 (Released:2002-03-29)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

41 55

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Two new aurones, 4'-chloro-2-hydroxyaurone (1) and 4'-chloroaurone (2) were isolated from Spatoglossum variabile. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by modern spectroscopic techniques.

著者

Genki Terashi Yuuki Nakamura Hiromitsu Shimoyama Mayuko Takeda-Shitaka

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.8, pp.744-753, 2014-08-01 (Released:2014-08-01)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

6

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In the absence of experimentally determined three dimensional (3D) structures of proteins, the prediction of protein structures using computational methods is a standard alternative approach in bioinformatics. When using the predicted protein models to compute the native structure of an unknown target protein, estimating the actual quality of the protein models is important for selecting the best or near-best model. Moreover, estimates of the differences between the protein models and the native protein structure are obviously useful to end users who can then decide on the utility of the models for their specific problems. This article describes two new single-model quality assessment (QA) programs, pure single-model QA method (psQA) and a template based QA method (tbQA), that we developed. psQA is a pure single-model QA program that uses a neural network method to predict residue–residue distance matrices of the native protein structures. tbQA is a quasi-single-model QA program that mainly uses target-template sequence alignments and template structures. The performance of these two model QA programs was analyzed in a data set of 24022 models for 94 targets from the 10th critical assessment of protein structure prediction (CASP10) experiment.

著者

三浦 俊明 村岡 早苗 小木曾 健人

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.3, pp.709-712, 1992-03-25

被引用文献数

6

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Semiquinone radicals of menadione were generated during the reaction of menadione with reduced glutathione (GSH), dependent upon the pH. Under aerobic conditions, cytochrome c was reduced during the reaction, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibited the cytochrome c reduction. The inhibitory effect of SOD was greater at a high pH than at a low pH. In the presence of Fe^<3+> or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-Fe^<3+>, deoxyribose was degraded during the reaction of menadione with GSH, dependent upon the pH. Greater amounts of deoxyribose were degraded at a low pH than at a high pH. The reduction of Fe^<3+> of EDTA-Fe^<3+> also depended on the pH, and SOD strongly inhibited the Fe^<3+> reduction, indicating that Fe^<3+> or Fe^<3+>-EDTA was reduced by superoxide. SOD, catalase, mennitol and benzoate inhibited the deoxyribose degradation at various pH values. These results indicate that the menadione semiquinone radical is readily formed at an alkali pH but a hydroxyl radical is predominantly produced near a neutral pH. A hydroxyl radical may be generated via an iron-catalyzed Haber-Weiss reaction.

著者

Jiang Liu Seikou Nakamura Yan Zhuang Masayuki Yoshikawa Ghazi Mohamed Eisa Hussein Kyohei Matsuo Hisashi Matsuda

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.6, pp.655-661, 2013-06-01 (Released:2013-06-01)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

7 22

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Six dihydroisocoumarin glycosides, florahydrosides I and II, thunberginol G 8-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, thunberginol C 8-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, 4-hydroxythunberginol G 3′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and thunberginol D 3′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, have been isolated from the flowers of Hydrangea macrophylla Seringe var. thunbergii Makino (Saxifragaceae) together with 20 known compounds. The chemical structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Among the constituents, acylated quinic acid analog, neochlorogenic acid, was shown to substantially inhibit aldose reductase [IC50=5.6 µm]. In addition, the inhibitory effects on aldose reductase of several caffeoylquinic acid analogs were examined for structure–activity relationship study. As the results, 4,5-O-trans-p-dicaffeoyl-d-quinic acid was found to exhibit a potent inhibitory effect [IC50=0.29 µm].

著者

Rina Miyake Tomohiro Uchimura Xu Li Totaro Imasaka

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.82-84, 2013-01-01 (Released:2013-01-08)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2

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Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was used to monitor the interaction between androgen receptor (AR) tagging of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the ligands in living cells. The fluorescence lifetime of the AR-GFP without ligands was ca. 3.1 ns, which was reduced to ca. 2.5 ns after treatment with agonist 5α-dihydrotestosterone. On the other hand, the fluorescence lifetime of AR-GFP was not changed after treatment with antagonist hydroxyflutamide. The reaction kinetics was simulated in the present study, and the obtained results indicated the possibility of the presence of an intermediate complex during the reaction. FLIM can be used to record the ratio of the AR as it reacts with an agonist, and, therefore, it is useful for acquiring information concerning the interaction between AR and ligands in living cells.

著者

Wei He Li-Fang Fan Qing Du Bai Xiang Chun-Lei Li Min Bai Yong-Zhen Chang De-Ying Cao

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.2, pp.122-128, 2009-02-01 (Released:2009-02-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

7 16 9

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The purpose of the study is to perform the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of multi-layer film coatings for omeprazole. The system consists of drug-layered or drug-containing core pellets coated with salt (sodium chloride and disodium hydrogen phosphate), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), and enteric film-coating layer, respectively. The drug-layered core pellets were prepared by a coating layer of omeprazole on inert pellet cores in fluidized bed coater. An in vitro/in vivo gastro-resistance study was conducted, and a dissolution study was performed in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer for omeprazole release. The multi-layer coated pellets were stable in gastric pH conditions and upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract in rats. Salt layer improved the drug stability, and its coating levels had little influence on the dissolution profiles of omeprazole. The rate of drug release was significantly delayed by HPMC layer. The salt layer could function as a separated layer, and substitute part of the HPMC layer and decrease the coating levels of HPMC. The bioavailability (AUC) of the multi-layer coated drug-layered and drug-containing pellets was 3.48±0.86 and 2.97±0.57 μg·h/ml, respectively. The drug-layered pellets with multi-layer film coatings not only provided delayed and rapid release of omeprazole, but also could provide a good stable property for omeprazole. It was confirmed that rapid in vitro drug release rate resulted in better absorption.

著者

Hiroyuki Tsutsumi Yoshifumi Kinoshita Takashi Sato Takashi Ishizu

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.8, pp.1008-1015, 2011-08-01 (Released:2011-08-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

12 13 5

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Crystals of the complexes of (+)-catechin (CA) of non-galloylated catechin and (−)-catechin-3-O-gallate (Cg) of galloylated catechin with caffeine were prepared, and their stereochemical structures and intermolecular interactions were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. CA formed a 1 : 1 complex with caffeine by intermolecular hydrogen bonds, whereas Cg formed a 1 : 2 complex with caffeine, which was formed by face-to-face and offset π–π interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. A solution of two kinds of non-galloylated catechin, CA and (−)-epicatechin (EC), and caffeine (molar ratio 1 : 1 : 2) in water afforded a 1 : 1 : 2 complex, the crystal structure of which had two layers, one layer in which CA and caffeine formed alternate lines and an other layer in which EC and caffeine formed alternate lines. The 1 : 1 : 2 complex was formed by offset π–π and CH–π interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

著者

Chih-Yang Chiu Chia-Ying Li Chao-Chen Chiu Masatake Niwa Susumu Kitanaka Amooru Gangaiah Damu E-Jian Lee Tian-Shung Wu

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.9, pp.1118-1121, 2005 (Released:2005-09-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

11 20

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Three new flavonoid derivatives, 6′′′-O-acetyl amurensin (1), 6′′′-O-acetyl phellamurin (3) and (2R)-phellodensin-F (5), together with thirty known compounds have been isolated from the leaves of Phellodendron japonicum MAXIM. Their structures were established by means of spectroscopic analysis, including extensive 2D NMR and Mass spectra. The known compounds were identified by comparison with published physical and spectral data. The isolated compounds were screened for their in vitro antioxidant activity through DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. Compounds quercetin and phellodenin-A demonstrated significant radical scavenging activity.

著者

Kazusa Nishiyama Atsushi Yamada Miki Takahashi Tomoharu Takeuchi Ken-ichi Kasai Susumu Kobayashi Hideaki Natsugari Hideyo Takahashi

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.4, pp.495-500, 2010-04-01 (Released:2010-04-10)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

15 17

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To search for the endogenous glyco-epitope in Caenorhabditis elegans, we synthesized labeled Galβ1-3Fuc and Galβ1-4Fuc and examined their binding affinity for C. elegans galectin LEC-6 using frontal affinity chromatography analysis. We developed a new strategy for synthesizing the labeled saccharides, in which the labeling unit, the 2-aminopyridine moiety, is coupled with a spacer unit derived from D-mannitol. Our results indicate that Galβ1-4Fuc is the endogenous glyco-epitope present in C. elegans N-glycans.