著者

Kazuhiro YOSHIUCHI Hisashi YAMADA Shu TAKAKURA Masanori ISOBE Koutatsu MARUYAMA Toshihiko NAGATA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.Supplement, pp.S46-S48, 2022-11-30 (Released:2022-11-25)

参考文献数

4

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Eating disorders are serious psychiatric conditions in terms of chronicity and have the highest mortality rate among psychiatric disorders. The assessment and treatment of eating disorders are also challenging, due to patients’ denial of their illness and reluctance for change. Despite a large number of previous assessment and treatment studies, new strategies to overcome these difficulties are still needed. This study casts light on four aspects; involvement of the brain’s reward system, stages of change in relationship with motivation, refeeding syndrome during renourishment, and gut microbiota changes relating to chronicity. Further studies relating to these aspects are encouraged.

著者

Muneyuki SHIMIZU Taisuke KATO Yuichi ADACHI Takuya WADA Shokei MURAKAMI Yasunori ITO Toshiko ITAZAWA Yoko S ADACHI Akiko TSUCHIDA Kenta MATSUMURA Kei HAMAZAKI Hidekuni INADERA the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.5, pp.375-382, 2022-10-31 (Released:2022-10-31)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

6

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Maternal nutrition during pregnancy is one of the factors affecting the health of offspring. There are conflicting findings about the association between maternal vitamin D status and the development of allergic diseases in offspring. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between maternal vitamin D intake and the development of allergic diseases in offspring at 1 y of age. From an ongoing nationwide birth cohort study (the Japan Environment and Children’s Study), we obtained information on maternal vitamin D intake, determined by a food frequency questionnaire, and parent-reported physician-diagnosed allergic diseases in offspring at 1 y of age. From the full dataset of 103,062 pregnancies, we analyzed complete data for 82,592 mother–offspring pairs. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis in the children was 2.5%, 6.6%, and 4.3%, respectively. The mean (± standard deviation) maternal vitamin D intake was 4.7±4.7 μg/d, which is much lower than the recommended amount in Japan (7 μg/d). After adjustment for various covariates, the odds ratios were significantly higher for asthma in the 2nd quintile and for food allergies in the 3rd and 4th quintiles compared with the 1st quintile. However, there were no clear associations between maternal vitamin D intake and the development of allergic diseases in offspring at 1 y of age, even in a large nation-wide cohort study. Protective effects of vitamin D supplementation remain unclear.

著者

笠間 透 田中 晴美

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.6, pp.627-638, 1989 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

6 6

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Copper (6 ppm) was administered to pregnant heterozygous brindled and normal mice from 13 to 18 days gestation. The copper and zinc concentrations in the cerebrum, cerebellum, liver, and kidneys of mothers and their fetuses were determined. The placental concentrations in fetuses of heterozygous mothers administered copper were also determined. The heterozygous mothers had smaller numbers of live fetuses than the normal mothers, but had the same number as normal mothers when copper was administered. The hepatic copper concentration in the heterozygous mothers was lower than that in the normal mothers and was not increased by the administration. The body and tissue wet weights of all fetuses were unaffected by the maternal genotype or drinking fluid. The cerebral copper concentrations in hemizygous and heterozygous fetuses were increased by the copper administration but did not reach normal levels. The hepatic and renal concentrations remained unchanged. The cerebral copper concentrations in normal fetuses of both heterozygous and normal mothers were increased by the copper administration. The copper administration increased the copper concentrations in liver of normal fetuses of heterozygous mothers and in kidneys of normal fetuses of normal mothers. The placental copper concentration in hemizygous fetuses was higher than those in heterozygous and normal fetuses. These results suggested that oral copper administration to pregnant females could improve an abnormal copper distribution in hemizygous and heterozygous fetuses without affecting fetal growth.

著者

Jie WANG Xinliang LI Yongyi GAN Tianxing FAN Jing YANG Fang RAO Jianbo YANG

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.3, pp.181-188, 2022-06-30 (Released:2022-06-30)

参考文献数

57

被引用文献数

1

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We aimed to assess the difference and agreement between the CL-series Vitamin D Total assay (Mindray), which was a kind of chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in children. We compared the 25(OH)D concentrations of 92 children using the CLIA and LC-MS/MS. Paired samples t-test was used to compare the two groups. Linear regression was used to show the correlation between CLIA and LC-MS/MS. The difference and bias between 2 methods were revealed in Bland-Altman plot. Agreement in classification of deficiency between CLIA and LC-MS/MS was assessed using Cohen’s Kappa. p value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Using Shapiro-Wilk Test to assess whether the data follows a normal distribution. Using 95% children’s serum 25(OH)D concentrations by LC-MS/MS as the reference interval. The regression equation was CLIA=1.185×LC-MS/MS−3.328. The fitness adjusted r2 was 0.589. The CLIA showed positive bias compared to LC-MS/MS, p<0.05, bias=(1.94±16.56) ng/mL. Cohen’s Kappa=0.53, p<0.001. The agreement of 2 methods in diagnosing “deficiency” was good. According to Shapiro-Wilk Test, the data followed a normal distribution (W=0.99). The reference interval of children’s serum 25(OH)D concentrations by LC-MS/MS was 11.35–44.57 ng/mL. In measuring 25(OH)D concentration of children, CLIA represented higher levels than LC-MS/MS. The two methods were consistent in diagnosing vitamin D deficiency. The reference interval of children’s serum 25(OH)D concentrations by LC-MS/MS was 11.35–44.57 ng/mL in our area in summer.

著者

Akihiro MAETA Mizue OKU Kyoko TAKAHASHI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.2, pp.131-136, 2022-04-30 (Released:2022-04-30)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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To evaluate the effect and outcome by Shokuiku and nutrition education, it is need to develop the reliability and validity questionnaire for behaviors and interests in healthy eating habits for Japanese adolescents. Our aim was to develop the reliability and validity questionnaire about them for Japanese adolescents. Interests in healthy eating habits for Japanese adolescents were modified Japanese questionnaire of consciousness in dietary life (JQCDL) for university students developed by Hamaguchi et al. The surveys were carried out at two public junior high schools and 381 students in second year participated. Reliability of JQCDL–adolescent form (JQCDL–AF) was examined by factor analysis and calculation of Cronbach’s α. Validity of JQCDL–AF was examined by divergent of gender and by experimental intervention which investigated the changed scores from lunchbox to school lunch. High score of JQCDL–AF showed more interests in healthy eating habits. From histogram and factor analysis, four questions were excluded from JQCDL. We chose two subscale factors to form the domains: reduction unhealthy foods when eating out or snacking (4 items), and meal manners and meal preparation (7 items). Cronbach’s α of two subscales and all items (11 questions) were 0.845, 0.826, and 0.860, respectively. The total JQCDL–AF scores in girls were significantly higher than those of boys. Moreover, the total JQCDL–AF scores 1-mo after introducing school lunches increased significantly from the lunchbox. Therefore, the JQCDL–AF could evaluate interests in healthy eating habits in Japanese adolescents.

著者

Taiki MIYAZAWA Ohki HIGUCHI Masato SASAKI Minh Tu NGUYEN THI Teruo MIYAZAWA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.2, pp.137-139, 2022-04-30 (Released:2022-04-30)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

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Turmeric products have many useful physiological functions and are widely used as health food and food ingredient. Here, we report the use of HPLC-ESI-MS/MS to simultaneously quantify bisacurone and three curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin) in turmeric products (high viscosity liquid, granular powder, tablet, and solution). The results showed that the standard values and measured values of curcumin in each product were almost same. Demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin were contained in each products. Meanwhile, the content of bisacurone differed greatly among the products. In particular, the highest amount of bisacurone was found in the turmeric product A (high viscosity liquid, 9.48 g/100 g product). It would become important to consider the bisacurone content in turmeric products.

著者

Akiko UCHIZAWA Airi FUNAYAMA Haruka OSUMI Yasushi ENOMOTO Simeng ZHANG Kumpei TOKUYAMA Naomi OMI Hiroyuki SAGAYAMA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.47-54, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-02-28)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

3

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The food quotient (FQ), which is the rate of macronutrient composition calculated from daily meals, can equal the respiratory quotient over a long term. The FQ is needed to estimate the total energy expenditure (TEE) in doubly labeled water studies. Usually, dietary records (DR) are used for dietary assessment in clinical nutritional studies; however, the DR method’s disadvantage is that it takes time to calculate the results. In comparison, the food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) method is a simple and quick way to calculate results. This study aimed to assess the FQ in Japanese runners, and to compare the two dietary assessment methods, DR and FFQ, to examine whether FFQ is useful in calculating the FQ in healthy young adults and runner. The study consisted of 27 runners and 22 healthy young adults. The participants recorded and took pictures all their meals for 1 wk and provided the FFQ for the same week. The FQ was calculated using the proportions of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and alcohol. There were no significant differences between the FQs of the runners 0.867 (male: 0.873, female: 0.863) and the healthy young adults 0.871 (male: 0.875, female: 0.867) according to the DR methods. There were no differences in the FQs between DR and FFQ methods for all groups. A significant correlation between the FQs (r=0.502, p<0.01), estimated using the DR, and the FQs estimated using the FFQ was observed. These results suggest that use of the FFQ method can provide comparable data for runners and healthy young adults.

著者

Nan ZHAO Donghu ZHEN Zhiyun ZHAO Songbo FU Conghui GUAN Lijuan LIU Xulei TANG

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.8-15, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-02-28)

参考文献数

31

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This study aims to examine whether low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations are correlated with increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a Chinese population. The present prospective cohort study included 5,543 participants aged 40–75 y old and is free of diabetes at baseline in Lanzhou city, China. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured. T2D incidence was defined based on obtained results from oral glucose tolerance tests or a self-reported previous diagnosis of diabetes by healthcare professionals. The association between baseline serum 25(OH)D concentrations and incident T2D was investigated using Cox proportional hazards model and restricted cubic spline. Of 5,543 participants (1,433 men and 4,110 women) followed for an average period of 3.9 y, 239 (4.3%) developed diabetes. No significant difference in serum 25(OH)D concentrations was found between individuals who developed diabetes and those who did not (p>0.05). Furthermore, serum 25(OH)D quartiles were not associated with T2D incidence (HR 1.33, 95% CI: 0.89–1.97, p=0.18) after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and other potential confounders, as well as in subgroups classified with sex (men, women), glucose status (normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes), and BMI (<25 kg/m2, ≥25 kg/m2). The lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations are not associated to a higher risk of incident T2D in the present Chinese cohort after adjusting for BMI and other numerous potential confounding factors.

著者

小林 正 康村 満枝

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.123-128, 1973 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

10 18

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In the irradiation of ergosterol, the effect of wavelength on the forma-tion of potential vitamin D2 (the sum of pre-D2 and vitamin D2) was investigated. Monochromatic UV rays obtained from a spectroirradiator were used for the irradiations and the yield of potential vitamin D2 was estimated by the GLC method as described previously (1). When an ergosterol solution in ethanol (1.0 mg/ml) was irradiated by mono-chromatic UV ray in the range 230-400mμ with the quantum of 4.0×108 erg/cm2, the figure of the relationship between yield of potential vitamin D2 and wavelengths of irradiating UV rays showed a mountain shape with a maximum at 295mμ. Ultraviolet rays in the range 285-310mμ were more effective than the other rays for the formation of potential vitamin D2 (yield: higher than 22%), whereas those either below 230mμ or above 330mμ were less effective (yield: lower than 3.5%). The gas chromatograms of TMS ethers of all the irradiated solutions showed the presence of peaks due to gyro- and isopyro-D2 (thermal cyclized products of pre-D2 and vitamin D2), lumisterol2, ergosterol and tachy-sterol2, although their peak area ratios were very different. The irradiations by various monochromatic UV rays with different quanta of energy were also examined, and the ray of 295mμ with quanta of 2.1-6.4×108 erg/cm2 was found to give the best yields of potential vitamin D2, between 31.5 and 33%. Further irradiations beyond the maxima effected a decrease in the yield.

著者

Kazuhiro KUBO Yasuyuki KAWAI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.5, pp.283-291, 2021-10-31 (Released:2021-10-31)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3

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Zeolite, an abundant mineral in the Earth’s crust, is utilized in a wide range of fields because of its well-known adsorption properties. Its application as a functional food ingredient resembling dietary fiber is expected, but it has not yet been investigated in the context of prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. The present study was designed to evaluate the availability and safety of a natural zeolite preparation for this purpose. Acute oral toxicity testing showed that the lowest lethal dose of zeolite was more than 2,000 mg/kg body weight for both male and female mice. In a prolonged feeding test for 18 wk using model mice with high-fat-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, intake of a 10% zeolite-containing diet suppressed body weight gain, as well as liver and visceral fat weights, without any changes in food and energy intake. Moreover, plasma lipid (triacylglycerol, total cholesterol and high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol) levels and fasting blood glucose levels decreased in parallel with zeolite intake. No changes in the glycated hemoglobin level were found. However, in an oral glucose tolerance test at week 12, increased postprandial blood glucose levels were suppressed in accordance with zeolite intake, and then insulin secretion was also decreased. On the other hand, a decrease of plasma amylase activity and increases in total bilirubin and urea nitrogen suggested the need for further investigation of safety.

著者

Agussalim BUKHARI Nurpudji A. TASLIM Suryani AS’AD Haerani RASYID AMINUDDIN Faisal MUCHTAR R. ROSDIANA UMRAYANI Christina RUSLI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.Supplement, pp.S2-S10, 2020 (Released:2021-02-22)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

2 6

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Critically ill patients are physiologically unstable, often have complex hypermetabolic responses to trauma. These patients are facing a high risk of death, multi-organ failure, and prolonged ventilator use. Nutrition is one of therapy for critical illness, however, patients often experience malnutrition caused by disease severity, delays in feeding, and miscalculation of calorie needs. The study aims to evaluate clinical improvement in critically ill participants that were given 3 kinds of early enteral feeding formulas, which were control (5% Dextrose), high-protein polymeric, or oligomeric formulas. A total of 55 critically ill participants admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between October 2017–March 2018 and assigned in this controlled trial. Early enteral feeding was initiated within 24–48 h after ICU admission. Each enteral feeding group were categorized to traumatic brain injury (TBI) or non-TBI. The primary endpoints were changes in white blood cell count, Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, and Nutrition Risk in the Critically Ill (NUTRIC) score from baseline to day 3. Baseline characteristics were similar between control (n=22), high-protein polymeric (n=19) and oligomeric (n=14) groups. There were significant decreases for white blood cell count (13,262.5±6,963.51 to 11,687.5±7,420.92; p=0.041), APACHE II score (17.33±3.31 to 13.83±1.95; p=0.007), and NUTRIC scores changes (3.08±1.44 to 1.92±1.00; p=0.022) in non-TBI participants receiving highprotein polymeric compared those in control or oligomeric participants. But there is no significant clinical improvement in TBI patients. In conclusion, non-TBI patients benefit from early enteral feeding with high-protein polymeric formula.

著者

Atsuhiro KISHIMOTO Atsushi IMAIZUMI Hiromichi WADA Hajime YAMAKAGE Noriko SATOH-ASAHARA Tadashi HASHIMOTO Koji HASEGAWA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.4, pp.249-252, 2021-08-31 (Released:2021-08-31)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

18

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Elevated neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been reported as a sensitive marker for predicting poor prognosis in chronic inflammation-based diseases such as stroke, heart failure, cancers, and diabetes, as well as acute inflammatory diseases such as bacterial and viral infections, including COVID-19. NLR is also known to increase with age and is considered to be an aging marker. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in elderly volunteers to examine the effect of a newly developed, highly bioavailable curcumin formulation (curcuRougeTM) on NLR. Both the white blood cell count and the neutrophil rate decreased significantly, and the lymphocyte rate increased significantly from baseline to after curcuRougeTM administration for 4 wk. curcuRougeTM significantly reduced the NLR (p=0.020). On the other hand, in the placebo group, there were no changes in white blood cell count, neutrophil ratio, lymphocyte ratio, or NLR. The present study demonstrates for the first time, in elderly volunteers, that administration of curcuRougeTM significantly reduces NLR, an indicator of prognosis in cardiovascular diseases, cancer, infectious diseases, and aging. Thus, curcuRougeTM might be expected to improve the prognosis of these diseases as well as exhibit anti-aging effects.

著者

Katsumi SHIBATA Tsutomu FUKUWATARI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.5, pp.334-339, 2014 (Released:2015-01-16)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3 9

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Picolinic acid (PiA) is an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan that has been reported to possess a wide range of physiological actions. We investigated the effects of dietary PiA on the metabolism of tryptophan to nicotinamide in growing rats. Feeding an ordinary diet containing 1% PiA to growing rats (6 wk) caused death within a few days. Toxicity of PiA was higher than that of analogs such as nicotinic acid and quinolinic acid. Feeding an ordinary diet containing 0.05% and 0.1% PiA did not elicit decreased intake of food or loss in body weight. PiA did not affect the in vitro liver activities of quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase or α-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSDase, a Zn-dependent enzyme). Concentrations of NAD and NADP in the liver and blood were not affected by PiA. PiA administration did not affect tryptophan metabolites such as anthranilic acid, kynurenic acid, and xanthurenic acid. However, quinolinic acid and subsequent metabolites such as nicotinamide and its catabolites were increased by administration of a diet containing 0.05% PiA but not by a 0.1% PiA diet. These results suggest that the in vivo activity of ACMSDase is controlled by the Zn level. Therefore, a small amount of PiA has a beneficial effect for conversion of tryptophan to nicotinamide, but an excessive amount of PiA can be very toxic.

著者

Chiaki SATO Saki KANEKO Ayami SATO Nantiga VIRGONA Kozue NAMIKI Tomohiro YANO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.5, pp.349-354, 2017 (Released:2017-12-08)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

9 29

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Tocotrienols (T3s) and tocopherols (Tocs) are both members of the vitamin E family. It is known that δ-tocotrienol (δ-T3) has displayed the most potent anti-cancer activity amongst the tocotrienols. On the other hand, γ-tocopherol (γ-Toc) is reported to have a protective effect against prostate cancer. Therefore, we investigated whether the combination of γ-Toc and δ-T3 could strengthen the inhibitory effect of δ-T3 on prostate cancer cell growth. In this study the effect of combined δ-T3 (annatto T3 oil) and γ-Toc (Tmix, γ-Toc-rich oil) therapy was assessed against human androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells (LNCaP). We found that combined treatment of δ-T3 (10 μM) and γ-Toc (5 μM) resulted in reinforced anti-prostate cancer activity. Specifically, cell cycle phase distribution analysis revealed that in addition to G1 arrest caused by the treatment with δ-T3, the combination of δ-T3 with γ-Toc induced G2/M arrest. Enhanced induction of apoptosis by the combined treatment was also observed. These findings indicate that combination of δ-T3 and γ-Toc significantly inhibits prostate cancer cell growth due to the simultaneous cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and G2/M phase.

著者

Yasuko MANABE Tohru FUSHIKI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.81-88, 2002 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

113

被引用文献数

2 2

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Taste plays an important role in the regulation of food and fluid intake in animals. Taste information on the tongue is transmitted to the brain, and we feel hedonic or aversive sensation from the taste of a food. Various studies have shown that opioids or the dopamigenic system is deeply related to the hedonic response in the brain. Few studies have been made, however, about the aversion to food, which is an important signal for animals to protect them from poison that usually has a bitter taste and causes an aversive sensation. We recently suggested that diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) was released in the brain after stimulation by an aversive taste and might be involved in the aversive sensations of taste. In this review we describe the studies on aversive sensation after eating and propose a novel concept that food aversion may be divided into aversion and rejection. Furthermore, we suggest that DBI is involved in aversion.

著者

Zi WANG Yoshihisa OHATA Yukari WATANABE Yiwen YUAN Yuki YOSHII Yoshitaka KONDO Shoko NISHIZONO Takuya CHIBA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.4, pp.347-356, 2020-08-31 (Released:2020-08-31)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

11

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Calorie restriction (CR) by 30-40% decreases morbidity of age-related diseases and prolongs the lifespan of various laboratory animal species. Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an important nutrient for lipid metabolism as it conjugates bile acids. Here, we investigated how taurine supplementation induces effects similar to the CR beneficial effects. Sprague Dawley rats were fed a diet containing different taurine concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0%) to analyze the effects on growth, blood, and hepatic parameters. Rats fed a 5% taurine-supplemented diet showed a significant decrease in visceral fat weight, compared with control rats. Moreover, there were significant decreases in the serum total cholesterol, hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the taurine-supplemented groups compared with the control group in a dose-dependent manner. These results were associated with decreased mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase, and increased mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α. C57BL/6 mice were fed a 5.0% taurine-supplemented diet, and their response to 3-nitropropionic acid-induced oxidative stress was analyzed. The rate of weight loss due to oxidative stress decreased and the survival rate significantly increased in the taurine-supplemented groups compared with the control group. Finally, cells were treated with 100 μM taurine and their resistance to UV-induced oxidative stress was analyzed. We found that the p53-Chk1 pathway was less activated in taurine-treated cells compared with control cells. Furthermore, damage to cells evaluated by oxidative stress indicators revealed a reduction in oxidative damage with taurine treatment. These findings suggest that taurine partially acts as a CR mimetic.

著者

Ioku Kana Aoyama Yuka Tokuno Ayaka TERAO Junji NAKATANI Nobuji TAKEI Yoko

出版者

一般財団法人 学会誌刊行センター

雑誌

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.78-83, 2001-02-01

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

14 83

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Onion is a major source of flavonoids and is cooked in various ways in the world. The major flavonoids in onion are two quercetin glycosides, quercetin 4'-<i>O</i>-&beta;-gluco-side (<i>Q</i>4'G) and quercetin 3, 4'-<i>O</i>&beta;-diglucosides (<i>Q</i>3, 4'G), which are recognized as bioac-tive substances that are good for our health. We have investigated the effect of cooking pro-cedures on the content of antioxidants. We selected quercetin conjugates, total phenol com-pounds, and ascorbic acid to estimate the amount of flavonoid ingestion from onion. We ex-amined the following cooking methods; boiling, frying with oil and butter, and microwave cooking. Various cooking methods do not consider the degradation of quercetin conjugates when cooking onion. Microwave cooking without water better retains flavonoids and ascor-bic acid. Frying does not affect flavonoid intake. The boiling of onion leads to about 30% loss of quercetin glycosides, which transfers to the boiling water. At that time, the effect of addi-tives on the quercetin conjugates is different according to the compounds. The hydrolysis of quercetin glycosides for daily cooking might occur with the addition of seasonings such as glutamic acid. Additional ferrous ions accelerated the loss of flavonoids.

著者

Munehiro YOSHIDA Yuka KIMURA Mamiko ABE Tatsuhiko ANDO Hiroshi TACHI Kenji FUKUNAGA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.248-252, 2001 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

5 7

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For determination of selenium (Se) in biological materials, an improved method based on high performance liquid chromatographic determination of the fluo-rophore formed by reaction of selenite with 2, 3-diaminonapththalene was developed. The concentration detection limits were 0.5 ng/g in dried materials and 0.03 ng/mL in fluid ma-terials. In quadruplicate assays of 11 biological reference materials using the proposed method, measured Se concentrations were not significantly different from their certified val-ues, Thus, the proposed method is reliable and suitable for the determination of trace levels of Se in foods. Using the proposed method, Se concentrations in various kinds of tea were de-termined to assess the contribution of tea to daily Se intake in the Japanese population. Se concentration in the leaves of general black, green and oolong tea obtained in local retail stores was 33±19 ng/g (n=40). The leaves of a particular Chinese green tea sold under the name “high Se tea” were found to contain 455±184 ng/g (n=14) of Se. While the percent-age of Se extractable by infusion was less than 5% for the general teas, that in the high Se tea was more than 20%. These results indicated that intake of tea does not contribute to daily Se intake in the Japanese population. However, since infusions from high Se tea con-tained over 5 ng/mL of Se, consumption of over 1 L/d of tea derived from such high Se teas may increase the daily Se intake by close to 10%.

著者

Farah SAAD Lisa ROGERS Radhouene DOGGUI Ayoub AL-JAWALDEH

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.1-12, 2021 (Released:2021-02-28)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

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Vitamin A is an essential nutrient necessary for human growth and development, with critical roles in vision, immune function reproduction and maintenance of epithelial cellular integrity. Inadequate intake of vitamin A places populations at risk of developing diseases associated with vitamin A deficiency (VAD). VAD is highly prevalent across the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) in children under 5 y and women of childbearing age. Therefore, infants and young children, pregnant women and postpartum women are commonly targeted by supplementation programs. Although, vitamin A supplementation has been shown to decrease preventable childhood diseases and deaths related to VAD, supplementation of vitamin A has been greatly misused in several countries within the EMR raising concern around the process of supplementing the target population. Countries across the EMR have reported different supplementation practices depending on the income level of the country, the availability of vitamin A and the prevalence rates of VAD. Although some countries had higher supplementation rates than others, the concern lies in the middle-income countries and their supplementation practices. Some of the countries across the region do not follow the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guidelines for vitamin A supplementation for the recommended age groups. The objective of this study is to assess the vitamin A supplementation practices across the countries in the EMR, determine the gaps in the supplementation practices and the issue with supplementing to healthy populations where VAD is not a public health concern, and provide recommendations for proper vitamin A supplementation within the region.

著者

Julius Cesar ALEJANDRE Mary LYNCH

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.Supplement, pp.S129-S133, 2020 (Released:2021-02-22)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

9

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Green and blue spaces (GABS) are vital components of sustainable and healthy communities. Evidence suggest that GABS positively affect population health and wellbeing. However, few studies examine GABS influence on childhood obesity. This systematic review investigates the impact of GABS on childhood obesity particularly on children’s physical activity and eating behavior. The search protocol identified 544 studies from PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science. A two-tier screening process document using the PRISMA flow diagram identified 16 studies which underwent quality analysis using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tools. Data were interpreted using thematic analysis and narrative synthesis. Selected studies show varying sociodemographic characteristics of sampled populations located in urban and rural settings. The influence of GABS on children’s physical activity and eating behaviour depends on the type, location, proximity, density, facilities, and activity types that interplay with gender, ethnicity, and parent-child relationship. The review demonstrates the significant effect of GABS on children’s physical activity and eating behaviour. GABS provide children with safe venues for socialisation and long, intensive, and enjoyable physical activity; and influence children’s perceptions on vegetable consumption supporting healthier eating behaviour. These spaces have the potential to eradicate childhood obesity if policy, social, economic, environmental, and organisational considerations are addressed.