著者

Ikeda Kaori Fujimoto Shimpei Morling Beth Ayano-Takahara Shiho Carroll Andrew E. Harashima Shin-ichi Uchida Yukiko Inagaki Nobuya

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLOS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.10, 2014-10-15

被引用文献数

10

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糖尿病患者の心の負担に日本人特有の要因の存在 -協調性を重視する文化の影響-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-10-16.

著者

Izutsu Minako Zhou Jun Sugiyama Yuzo Nishimura Osamu Aizu Tomoyuki Toyoda Atsushi Fujiyama Asao Agata Kiyokazu Fuse Naoyuki

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.3, pp.e33288, 2012-03-14

被引用文献数

28

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「暗黒ショウジョウバエ」のゲノム解読-暗闇への適応のメカニズム. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2012-03-15.

著者

Kawasaki Takeshi Iwasaki Tomohito Yamada Michi Yoshida Takashi Watanabe Takafumi

出版者

PLOS

雑誌

PLoS ONE

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.2, pp.e0193307-1-e0193307-14, 2018-02

被引用文献数

30

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The high incidence of meat of impaired quality poses a serious problem in the poultry industry. In recent years, the incidence of the pectoralis major muscle that appeared pale colored, remarkably hardened, and exudative, called “wooden breast” or “woody breast” has increased in slaughter houses. In the present study, 19-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens affected (n = 10) and unaffected (n = 10) with remarkably hardened breast were selected from a commercial broiler farm, and reared to 55 days of age under a controlled environment. Among the affected birds, 5 of 10 birds appeared exhausted with markedly suppressed weight gain and 4 of 10 birds died during the rearing period. In contrast, all unaffected birds survived and most gained weight. Four of 10 unaffected birds lost the ability of back-to-back wing contact by the late stage of rearing. The biochemical analysis of blood plasma samples of 20-day-old birds revealed that creatine kinase and L-aspartate aminotransferase values in most affected birds were higher than those in unaffected birds; however, these values in unaffected birds increased rapidly with lost wing contactability and increasing age. Postmortem examinations revealed that the mean diameter of myofibers in affected birds was smaller than that in unaffected birds. Moreover, symptoms of degenerative and regenerative muscles were observed in most birds in both groups. Among them, a decrease in, or defect of, the characteristic polygonal shape of myofibers was the most common change within the pectoralis major muscles in both groups. The present study demonstrated that broilers affected with remarkably hardened breast during the middle stage of rearing would have suppressed physical status and weight gain, or would die. It was suggested that rapid growth in broilers might be a cause of remarkably hardened breast.

著者

Kim Young-il Hirai Shizuka Goto Tsuyoshi Ohyane Chie Takahashi Haruya Tsugane Taneaki Konishi Chiaki Fujii Takashi Inai Shuji Iijima Yoko Aoki Koh Shibata Daisuke Takahashi Nobuyuki Kawada Teruo

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.e31317, 2012-02-09

被引用文献数

57

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トマトから脂肪肝、血中中性脂肪改善に有効な健康成分を発見:効果を肥満マウスで確認. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2012-02-10.

著者

Morisaka Tadamichi Sakai Mai Kogi Kazunobu Nakasuji Akane Sakakibara Kasumi Kasanuki Yuria Yoshioka Motoi

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PloS one (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.8, 2013-08-28

被引用文献数

4

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野生イルカの突発性射精(夢精)を世界で初めて記録 : さまざまな動物で見られる現象か?. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-08-28 Spontaneous ejaculation, which is defined as the release of seminal fluids without apparent sexual stimulation, has been documented in boreoeutherian mammals. Here we report spontaneous ejaculation in a wild Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus), and present a video of this rare behavior. This is the first report of spontaneous ejaculation by an aquatic mammal, and the first video of this behavior in animals to be published in a scientific journal.

著者

Outani Hidetatsu Okada Minoru Yamashita Akihiro Nakagawa Kanako Yoshikawa Hideki Tsumaki Noriyuki

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.10, 2013-10-16

被引用文献数

75

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ヒトの皮膚細胞から軟骨様細胞へ直接変換に成功. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-10-14.

著者

Tanaka Akihito Woltjen Knut Miyake Katsuya Hotta Akitsu Ikeya Makoto Yamamoto Takuya Nishino Tokiko Shoji Emi Sehara-Fujisawa Atsuko Manabe Yasuko Fujii Nobuharu Hanaoka Kazunori Era Takumi Yamashita Satoshi Isobe Ken-ichi Kimura En Sakurai Hidetoshi

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.4, 2013-04-23

被引用文献数

156

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効率よく、再現性高くヒトiPS細胞から筋肉細胞を作製 -筋肉疾患の創薬プラットフォームの開発に向けて-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-04-24.

著者

Shimizu Tokurou Kitajima Akira Nonaka Keisuke Yoshioka Terutaka Ohta Satoshi Goto Shingo Toyoda Atsushi Fujiyama Asao Mochizuki Takako Nagasaki Hideki Kaminuma Eli Nakamura Yasukazu

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLOS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.11, 2016-11-30

被引用文献数

76

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ミカンの親はどの品種? : 遺伝解析により60種以上のカンキツ類の親子関係が明らかに. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2017-01-13.

著者

Masuda Reiji Hatakeyama Makoto Yokoyama Katsuhide Tanaka Masaru

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLOS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.12, 2016-12-12

被引用文献数

18

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5年間の潜水調査で2011年津波後の海の生き物たちの回復が明らかに. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2016-12-13.

著者

Tanabe Akifumi S. Toju Hirokazu

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.10, 2013-10-18

被引用文献数

208

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あらゆる生物の名前をDNAに基づいて特定する「DNAバーコーディング」の理論的枠組みを確立. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-10-19.

著者

Yanai Goichi Hayashi Takashi Zhi Qi Yang Kai-Chiang Shirouzu Yasumasa Shimabukuro Takashi Hiura Akihito Inoue Kazutomo Sumi Shoichiro

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.5, 2013-05-28

被引用文献数

31

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膵島細胞と間葉系幹細胞の融合細胞を用いた糖尿病治療実験に成功 -新しい重症糖尿病治療法の開発に期待-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-05-29.

著者

Narusaka Mari Kubo Yasuyuki Hatakeyama Katsunori Imamura Jun Ezura Hiroshi Nanasato Yoshihiko Tabei Yutaka Takano Yoshitaka

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.e55954, 2013-02

被引用文献数

77 10

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A major class of disease resistance (R) genes which encode nucleotide binding and leucine rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins have been used in traditional breeding programs for crop protection. However, it has been difficult to functionally transfer NB-LRR-type R genes in taxonomically distinct families. Here we demonstrate that a pair of Arabidopsis (Brassicaceae) NB-LRR-type R genes, RPS4 and RRS1, properly function in two other Brassicaceae, Brassica rapa and Brassica napus, but also in two Solanaceae, Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The solanaceous plants transformed with RPS4/RRS1 confer bacterial effector-specific immunity responses. Furthermore, RPS4 and RRS1, which confer resistance to a fungal pathogen Colletotrichum higginsianum in Brassicaceae, also protect against Colletotrichum orbiculare in cucumber (Cucurbitaceae). Importantly, RPS4/RRS1 transgenic plants show no autoimmune phenotypes, indicating that the NB-LRR proteins are tightly regulated. The successful transfer of two R genes at the family level implies that the downstream components of R genes are highly conserved. The functional interfamily transfer of R genes can be a powerful strategy for providing resistance to a broad range of pathogens.

著者

Fujita Mari Sasanuma Hiroyuki Yamamoto Kimiyo N. Harada Hiroshi Kurosawa Aya Adachi Noritaka Omura Masato Hiraoka Masahiro Takeda Shunichi Hirota Kouji

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.4, 2013-04-03

被引用文献数

19

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DNAが切れていないのに発生する染色体断裂の発見 -ヒトの被爆線量を測定する手法に異議あり-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-04-04.

著者

Yamamoto Shinya Humle Tatyana Tanaka Masayuki

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, 2013-01-30

被引用文献数

56

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技を盗むチンパンジー : 効率のよい道具使用テクニックを他者から見て学ぶ--ヒト特有と考えられている累積進化文化の認知的基盤--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-01-31.

著者

Cheng Li-Tao Nagata Shogo Hirano Kunio Yamaguchi Shinpei Horie Shigeo Ainscough Justin Tada Takashi

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.e32018, 2012-02-09

被引用文献数

10

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マウスiPS細胞を用いた遺伝性疾患の治療モデル-多発性嚢胞腎(ADPKD)モデルマウスの治療-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2012-2-10.

著者

Fujikawa Keiko Iwata Takeshi Inoue Kaoru Akahori Masakazu Kadotani Hanako Fukaya Masahiro Watanabe Masahiko Chang Qing Barnett Edward M. Swat Wojciech

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.e9050, 2010-02-04

被引用文献数

42

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Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Nonetheless, the mechanism of its pathogenesis has not been well-elucidated, particularly at the molecular level, because of insufficient availability of experimental genetic animal models. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we demonstrate that deficiency of Vav2 and Vav3, guanine nucleotides exchange factors for Rho guanosine triphosphatases, leads to an ocular phenotype similar to human glaucoma. Vav2/Vav3-deficient mice, and to a lesser degree Vav2-deficient mice, show early onset of iridocorneal angle changes and elevated intraocular pressure, with subsequent selective loss of retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve head cupping, which are the hallmarks of glaucoma. The expression of Vav2 and Vav3 tissues was demonstrated in the iridocorneal angle and retina in both mouse and human eyes. In addition, a genome-wide association study screening glaucoma susceptibility loci using single nucleotide polymorphisms analysis identified VAV2 and VAV3 as candidates for associated genes in Japanese open-angle glaucoma patients. Conclusions/Significance: Vav2/Vav3-deficient mice should serve not only as a useful murine model of spontaneous glaucoma, but may also provide a valuable tool in understanding of the pathogenesis of glaucoma in humans, particularly the determinants of altered aqueous outflow and subsequent elevated intraocular pressure.

著者

Takei Yutaka Sakaguchi Eiji Sasaki Koichi Tomoyasu Yoko Yamamoto Kouji Yasuda Yasuharu

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLOS ONE

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.9, pp.e0274604, 2022-09-14

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Transporting patients down stairs by carrying is associated with a particularly high fall risk for patients and the occurrence of back pain among emergency medical technicians. The present study aimed to verify the effectiveness of the Airstretcher device, which was developed to reduce rescuers’ physical burden when transporting patients by dragging along the floor and down stairs. Forty-one paramedical students used three devices to transport a 65-kg manikin down stairs from the 3rd to the 1st floor. To verify the physical burden while carrying the stretchers, ratings of perceived exertion were measured using the Borg CR10 scale immediately after the task. Mean Borg CR10 scores (standard deviation) were 3.6 (1.7), 4.1 (1.8), 5.6 (2.4), and 4.2 (1.8) for the Airstretcher with dragging, Airstretcher with lifting, backboard with lifting, and tarpaulin with lifting conditions, respectively (p < 0.01). Multiple comparisons revealed that the Airstretcher with dragging condition was associated with significantly lower Borg CR10 scores compared with the backboard with lifting condition (p < 0.01). When the analysis was divided by handling position, estimated Borg CR10 values (standard error) for head position were 4.4 (1.3), 2.9 (0.9), 3.2 (0.8), and 4.0 (1.1) for the Airstretcher with dragging, Airstretcher with lifting, backboard with lifting, and tarpaulin with lifting conditions, respectively, after adjusting for participant and duration time (F = 1.4, p < 0.25). The estimated Borg CR10 value (standard error) for toe position in the Airstretcher with dragging condition was 2.0 (0.8), and the scores for the side position were 4.9 (0.4), 6.1 (0.3), and 4.7 (0.4) for the Airstretcher with lifting, backboard with lifting, and tarpaulin with lifting conditions, respectively, after adjusting for participant and duration time (F = 3.6, p = 0.02). Transferring a patient down stairs inside a house by dragging using the Airstretcher may reduce the physical burden for rescuers.

著者

Yamamori Luna Kato Makoto

出版者

Public Library of Science (PLoS)

雑誌

PLOS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.8, 2018-08-22

被引用文献数

9

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巻貝が「巻き」を失う進化の過程を解明 --希少なチビアシヤガイ亜科全4種の調査に成功--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2018-08-27.Flattening of coiled shells has occurred in several gastropod lineages, while the evolutionary process of shell flattening is little known. The subfamily Fossarininae of the top shell family (Trochidae) is unique, because it includes four genera at various stages of shell flattening. Broderipia and Roya, have zygomorphic shells that has lost coiling, while the sister genera, Fossarina and Synaptocochlea, have respectively turbiniform and auriform shells. Therefore, comparisons of biology, habitats and detailed morphology among these four genera may help us to detect selection pressure driving shell flattening and loss of coiling. Although Broderipia has recently been identified as living symbiotically in the pits of sea urchins, the habitats and biology of the other three Fossarininae species, especially Roya are poorly known. After an extensive search on rocky shores of the Japanese Archipelago, we found live Roya eximia snails on intertidal/subtidal rock surfaces exposed to strong waves. Roya snails crept on the bare rock surface to graze periphyton at low tide, and fled into vacant barnacle shells at high tide. Comparison of the morphology of soft bodies in Fossarininae revealed that the columellar muscle of flattened species has been drastically elongated and arranged in posterior semi-outer edge of the flattened shell as observed in true limpets. The flattering and loss of coiling of the shell in Roya caused acquisition of a zygomorphic flat body, retraction of coiled visceral mass, and expansion of the foot sole. All of these changes improved tolerance against strong waves and the ability to cling to rock surfaces, and thus enabled a lifestyle utilizing both wave-swept rock surfaces and the inside of vacant barnacle shells.

著者

清水 徳朗 北島 宣 野中 圭介 吉岡 照高 太田 智 後藤 新悟 豊田 敦 藤山 秋佐夫 望月 孝子 長崎 秀樹 神沼 英里 中村 保一

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLOS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.11, 2016-11-30

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ミカンの親はどの品種? : 遺伝解析により60種以上のカンキツ類の親子関係が明らかに. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2017-01-13.

著者

末盛 博文 Suemori Hirofumi Hirai Yuko Hamasaki Kanya Kodama Yoshiaki Mitani Hiroshi Landes Reid D. Nakamura Nori

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLOS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.8, 2015-08-21

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It is becoming clear that apparently normal somatic cells accumulate mutations. Such accumulations or propagations of mutant cells are thought to be related to certain diseases such as cancer. To better understand the nature of somatic mutations, we developed a mouse model that enables in vivo detection of rare genetically altered cells via GFP positive cells. The mouse model carries a partial duplication of 3' portion of X-chromosomal HPRT gene and a GFP gene at the end of the last exon. In addition, although HPRT gene expression was thought ubiquitous, the expression level was found insufficient in vivo to make the revertant cells detectable by GFP positivity. To overcome the problem, we replaced the natural HPRT-gene promoter with a CAG promoter. In such animals, termed HPRT-dup-GFP mouse, losing one duplicated segment by crossover between the two sister chromatids or within a single molecule of DNA reactivates gene function, producing hybrid HPRT-GFP proteins which, in turn, cause the revertant cells to be detected as GFP-positive cells in various tissues. Frequencies of green mutant cells were measured using fixed and frozen sections (liver and pancreas), fixed whole mount (small intestine), or by means of flow cytometry (unfixed splenocytes). The results showed that the frequencies varied extensively among individuals as well as among tissues. X-ray exposure (3 Gy) increased the frequency moderately (~2 times) in the liver and small intestine. Further, in two animals out of 278 examined, some solid tissues showed too many GFP-positive cells to score (termed extreme jackpot mutation). Present results illustrated a complex nature of somatic mutations occurring in vivo. While the HPRT-dup-GFP mouse may have a potential for detecting tissue-specific environmental mutagens, large inter-individual variations of mutant cell frequency cause the results unstable and hence have to be reduced. This future challenge will likely involve lowering the background mutation frequency, thus reducing inter-individual variation.