著者

柳沢 幸雄 川瀬 晃弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.27-32, 2023-05-15 (Released:2023-06-08)

参考文献数

24

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Due to chemical exposure, multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) has become a severe problem. The mechanism of MCS, however, still needs to be clarified. This paper considers the role of science and policies regarding MCS. The Japanese government has taken measures to prevent and deal with MCS, such as setting guidelines for indoor chemical concentrations and registering the disease name for health insurance claims. However, since MCS patients have differing symptoms, a uniform policy is difficult to implement, so we must act with sympathy and empathy. MCS is no longer a rare disease; like hay fever, it can affect anyone. In the future, it is necessary to prevent patients from becoming severely ill and to prevent the occurrence of new MCS patients.

著者

堂免 隆浩

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.4, pp.21-26, 2023-11-15 (Released:2023-12-27)

参考文献数

12

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The evidence addressed in Evidence-Based Policy Making (EBPM) in Japan tends to be biased towards quantitative data. However, the principles of EBPM suggest that evidence derived from qualitative studies should be utilized alongside quantitative research in EBPM. The use of qualitative research in the field of policy research allows for a thorough exploration of the potential for qualitative evidence utilization, which has largely been overlooked in EBPM. This article clarifies the following points: Firstly, qualitative evidence can be utilized as a basis for presenting one of the candidate agendas. Secondly, in the preliminary assessment of policymaking aimed at addressing social issues with a small number of cases, it is necessary to utilize qualitative evidence. Thirdly, it is important to assess uncertainty in qualitative evidence. Finally, this article demonstrates that in qualitative research following statistical methods, the criteria for evaluating uncertainty include ‘Credibility’ and ‘Transferability’, and that ‘Theoretical Saturation’ and ‘Applicability’ can be used as evaluation criteria for qualitative research based on the Grounded Theory Approach.

著者

宮錦 三樹 岡嶋 裕子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.46-51, 2021-05-15 (Released:2022-06-03)

参考文献数

13

著者

伊藤 将人

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.46-53, 2023-05-15 (Released:2023-06-08)

参考文献数

30

著者

白石 文秀

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.21-26, 2023-05-15 (Released:2023-06-08)

参考文献数

14

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Chemicals released from detergents, shampoos, cosmetics, and other products have caused serious health problems in recent years. Patients complain of distress from fragrances and other substances emitted from the clothing and bodies of those nearby on trains and in the workplace, rendering them unable to engage in normal activities. This article gives basic information related to the problem of chemical sensitivity and discusses the purification of air containing volatile organic compounds released from detergents using an air purification system developed by the authors.

著者

安田 陽

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.2, pp.3-8, 2019-05-15 (Released:2022-06-03)

参考文献数

17

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Who makes decisions about power system planning in terms of generation deployment and grid infrastructures? Since the worldwide deregulation and unbundling of power systems, various scientific and objective modelling tools for grid planning have been developed. However, few planning discussions have taken place in Japan, where the power systems have not been fully unbundled. This article shows the latest international trends on grid planning including targets/projections of energy mix, generation deployment and grid expansion.

著者

田村 哲樹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.27-32, 2022-11-15 (Released:2022-12-19)

参考文献数

15

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This paper revisits the relationship between deliberative democracy and selection by lottery, or sortition. Research on deliberative democracy shows that lotteries have been viewed as an essential procedure for mini-publics. More recently, however, some views have emerged that consider deliberation and lottery separately, especially in the context of sortition legislatures. From a deliberative democratic perspective, this paper argues that mini-publics are not sites of deliberation only by sortition and that, in light of recent deliberative system approaches, deliberation is not necessarily essential, especially in mini-publics or lottery-based legislatures related to decision making. Finally, this paper states that there are, therefore, cases where “deliberation within” alone is not a problem even from the deliberative democratic perspective. It also points out that the interest in “deliberation within” without mutual communication may bring us closer to an individualistic concept of democracy and the expected problems associated with it.

著者

赤川 学

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.3, pp.9-14, 2017-08-15 (Released:2022-06-03)

参考文献数

4

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I, as a sociologist, usually find it difficult for a government and/or social planning organization to affect people's behavior in marriage and/or childbirth. In particular, current social policies against the low birthrate in Japan have been not successful. In this paper, I argue two theoretical reasons why social planning and/or social policies against low birthrates have not succeeded. First, I suggest that there are fewer hypogamy-based couples in Japan than in Sweden or France, and that less hypogamy leads to a lower birthrate. Second, I show that young Japanese couples with low income have more children on average, and explain this phenomenon with evidence inspired by Japanese sociologist Takata Yasuma. Takata argues that higher expectations for living standards lead to having fewer children. It is reasonable to assume that social planning to improve the birthrate in Japan accelerates expectations for living standards beyond actual standards, which leads to lower birthrates. Finally, I suggest that researching discursive settings on low birthrate affects people's expectation for living standards and social planning.

著者

永吉 雅人

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.15-20, 2023-05-15 (Released:2023-06-08)

参考文献数

12

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A questionnaire survey was conducted of elementary school students (6-12 years of age) in Joetsu City for multiple chemical sensitivity-like symptoms (MCS-like symptoms) in July 2005. In July 2010 and July 2017, re-surveys of elementary and junior high school students (6-15 years of age) were conducted to assess any temporal changes. The number of valid responses was 10,348, 14,024, and 7,224 in the 2005, 2010, and 2017 surveys, respectively. The results showed that the number of students with MCS-like symptoms was 979 (9.5%), 1,734 (12.4%), and 874 (12.1%) in 2005, 2010, and 2017, respectively. The results showed that the proportion of elementary and junior high school students with MCS-like symptoms increased with age. In this paper, I describe in detail the content of the questionnaire, the number of students with MCS-like symptoms, and the prevalence rate of each symptom used to evaluate students with and without MCS-like symptoms.

著者

片山 健也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.2, pp.5-10, 2013-05-15 (Released:2022-04-18)

参考文献数

8

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Niseko Town enacted a town development basic ordinance in 2001. Eleven years on, the town has decided to document the steps, observations and subsequent revisions made to the ordinance during the period since enactment.Currently in Japan there are 256 local body governments that have introduced basic ordinances-similar to the ordinance that was introduced in Niseko Town. However, even now there are widespread misunderstandings in relation to basic ordinances. In response to these misunderstandings, Niseko Town is creating a report that outlines and describes the laws, which form the base of the Niseko Town development basic ordinance.All town regulations in this report that apply to Niseko town will be denoted as (Niseko town ordinance), references from local government basic town ordinances around Japan will also be referenced in the report, these will be referred to as (local government basic ordinance).It is hoped that this report will become a resource for local governments around Japan who are implementing basic ordinances in the future.

著者

今井 博之

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.4, pp.41-48, 2011-11-15 (Released:2022-04-18)

参考文献数

36

著者

古川 俊治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.33-38, 2023-05-15 (Released:2023-06-08)

参考文献数

21

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Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) is a controversial disorder characterized by a recurrent set of diverse clinical manifestations, involving a broad spectrum of organ systems, that are induced by environmental chemicals at doses far below those usually harmful to most persons. To prevent MCS and other adverse effects on human health from environmental chemicals, concentration thresholds of frequently used chemicals in homes, workplaces, and schools are defined by several legal and administrative regulations. However, only a small percentage of the tens of thousands of environmental chemicals in use have been evaluated for toxicity and accumulation, and recent amendments of laws and regulations are directed toward comprehensive management of chemicals as a whole.

著者

堂免 隆浩 高橋 健太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.75-82, 2023-08-15 (Released:2023-09-08)

参考文献数

8

著者

川瀬 晃弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.1-2, 2023-05-15 (Released:2023-06-08)

著者

長岡 千賀 内田 由紀子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.33-44, 2015-05-15 (Released:2022-04-18)

参考文献数

15

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Secure management of nuclear power plants requires workers to be of sound mental health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the occupational stressors faced by workers in nuclear power plants in order to propose practical measures to improve their mental health. The target population of this study consisted of nondestructive testing personnel and radiation control personnel (radiation control personnel supervise and coach workers, including nondestructive testing personnel, on radiation protection) in periodic inspections of nuclear power plants. Participants (n = 87) completed a self-administered questionnaire that measured variables such as interpersonal issues on the job, cooperation from coworkers, and the number of vacation days given. The results indicated that “interpersonal issues on the job” (e.g., “there is a possibility that they incur a great danger to a lot of people due to their own misjudgment or lack of instructions”) was a stronger stressor. Moreover, a low level of cooperation from coworkers and an inadequate number of vacation days were found to affect the mental health of radiation control personnel. We therefore provide suggestions for effective management of radiation control personnel in terms of opportunity for long-term training for skill acquisition, number of days off work, and culture in the nuclear power plant.

著者

村上 裕一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.44-51, 2012-08-15 (Released:2022-04-18)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.4, pp.33-41, 2023-11-15 (Released:2023-12-27)

著者

苦瀬 博仁 内田 大輔 長谷川 翔生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.13-18, 2021-11-15 (Released:2022-06-03)

参考文献数

10

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Until now, urban disaster prevention plans have mainly focused on strengthening the structure of buildings and evacuation plans. However, securing daily supplies after evacuation will be an issue in the future.In this paper, we look back on the issues occurring, and countermeasures taken, in past earthquake disasters, organize a logistics concept for providing emergency relief supplies, and show three related countermeasures. Finally, we clarify a plan to strengthen roads and urban facilities assuming the need for emergency relief supplies.

著者

谷花 佳介

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.3, pp.60-65, 2013-08-15 (Released:2022-04-18)

参考文献数

17

著者

小倉 英郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.3-8, 2023-05-15 (Released:2023-06-08)

参考文献数

7

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From October 2000 to March 2021, we examined the clinical features of 349 outpatients with SHS, MCS and EHS (16 years and older) who initially visited our hospital with symptoms. A diagnosis of MCS was made based on the “1999 Consensus”. The average age of the subjects was 47.6 +/-13.3 years, with a male to female ratio of 1:4.82. However, the male-to-female ratio of 34 children aged 15 years or younger was 1:1.15 (p<0.001). A review by disease type indicates that SHS accounted for 22.3% of the cases, decreasing after 2007, with 69.2% thereof progressing to MCS or MCS+EHS. The trend shows that EHS associated with MCS has been on the rise since 2011. There was a significant difference in the male-female ratio between adults and children. The results also suggest that there more females than men develop the disease at an older age. There is a concern that MCS and EHS will increase going forward, so some form of countermeasure is desired.