著者
三室 守
出版者
一般社団法人日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, no.2, pp.88-96, 2008-03-25

Several essential points of photosynthetic light reactions were reviewed for future development of this scientific field and a general interest of biophysicists. Historical backgrounds of the reaction systems were also stated for the continuity of problems. Main points are reaction schemes and mechanisms of photochemical reactions in reaction center complexes, oxygen evolution, i.e. water cleavage and a high redox potential for water oxidation, and structures of reaction center complexes. These points will be solved by combination of spectroscopy and molecular biology. Photosynthesis will be utilized for our survival in the 21st century through their potentials in food supply, solar energy conversion and sustainable environmental preservation.
著者
内山 郁夫
出版者
一般社団法人日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.42, no.6, pp.266-269, 2002-11-25

MBGD is a database system for making use of rapidly accumulating microbial genome sequences through comparative analysis. The basic function of MBGD is to create an orthologous gene classification table, which comprises sets of "equivalent" genes among multiple genomes. In MBGD, classification tables can be created on demand with specified set of organisms and parameters. This feature becomes important to understand diversity of genomes using almost a hundred genome sequences now available.
著者
小林 泰夫
出版者
一般社団法人日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.3, pp.133-141, 1991-05-25
被引用文献数
1

Sporulation of Bacillus subtilis is induced by the deprivation of the nutrients in the medium. During sporulation more than 50 sporulation qenes (spo) are expressed sequentially. The sequential expression of spo genes is regulated mainly at the level of transcription, which is governed by the cascades of five sporulation-specific sigma factors, σ^H, σ^F, σ^E, σ^G, and σ^K. At the initiation of sporulation, the first sporulation specific sigma factor σ^H is activated, which then activates spoIIA operon encoding the second sigma factor σ^F. Expression of spoIIA and spoIIE operons is required for the activation of the pro-σ^E, the inactive precursor of the third sigma factor σ^E, which is required for the expression of the fourth sigma factor σ^G. σ^G is present only in the forespore, but its function is required for the activation of the pro-σ^K, which is present only in the mother cell. sigK gene encoding σ^K is construted by the mother cell-specific DNA rearrangement occurring during the middle stage of sporuation.
著者
井元 敏明
出版者
一般社団法人日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.3, pp.146-150, 1990-05-25
被引用文献数
1 5

Gymnemic acids, a mixture of triterpene glucuronides extracted from the Indian plant Gymnema sylvestre, have been known to suppress the sweet taste sensation in man. Recent studies have revealed that gymnemic acids showed inhibitory effects not only on glucose absorption in the rat small intestine, but also on glucan synthesis by glucosyltransferase from Streptococcus mutans. These findings suggest that gymnemic acids interact with various proteins which take part in sugar discriminations.
著者
田村 厚夫
出版者
一般社団法人日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.1, pp.40-43, 1995-01-25

It has been known that proteins can be denatured not only by increasing the temperature but also by decreasing it. The latter phenomenon, which is normally called "cold denaturation", shows common features of protein unfolding as well as characteristics that are specific to each Protein.