著者
長岡 慎介
出版者
京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科附属イスラーム地域研究センター
雑誌
イスラーム世界研究 : Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies (ISSN:18818323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, pp.243-275, 2014-03-14

The Malaysian practice of Islamic finance has greatly contributed to the rapid growth of the industry in the first decade of the twenty-first century and so the term ‘Malaysia' is widely recognized as symbolizing the development of Islamic finance. However, this term is also mentioned negatively in criticisms of the current practices. The critics, known as the "Mudaraba Consensus School", who aspire to the ideals of Islamic economics and finance, have used the term of "Malaysia" to allegedly symbolize the prevalence of "bad" practices in the industry. This study focuses on the development of the Islamic capital market in Malaysia and explains how Malaysia has responded to the criticism from the "Mudaraba Consensus School". From the analysis, it can be observed that the Malaysian Islamic capital market has positively addressed this criticism by involving the consensus. Specifically, it has initiated the following three measures: 1) "equitization" of debt-based financial products as a direct response, 2) diversification of asset classes in the Islamic capital market, and 3) visualization of Sharia-compliant corporate assets which have a great potential to universalize the consensus. Such challenges by the Malaysian Islamic capital market pave the way for bridging the dichotomy between theory and practice in Islamic economics and finance. They also provide an alternative development blueprint for future Islamic economics and finance, which is different from that proposed by what the author refers to as the "New Horizon‘s' in Islamic Economics and Finance.
著者
岡本 正明
出版者
京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科附属イスラーム地域研究センター
雑誌
イスラーム世界研究 (ISSN:18818323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, pp.231-251, 2016-03

The transgender group called waria in the Indonesian language was politically active nationally during the direct presidential campaign in 2014. It was the first national political movement for waria. Waria in major cities enthusiastically supported the presidential candidate, Joko Widodo (Jokowi) partly because some waria leaders thought Jokowi was a pro-poor and communicative candidate and his pluralist standpoint could benefit the waria, one of the most marginalized groups in Indonesia. The widely opened political space under the democratic regime enabled the rise of warias' political activism. The waria was the most politically active group among the LGBT, partly because their grouping and organizing pattern is hierarchical under one leader called mami. Mami could rather easily mobilize the members of her own group or organization for political purposes. This undemocratic character of waria groups and organizations (and the national networks among them) paradoxically enabled the nationwide political support for Jokowi in a democratic election.
著者
川村 藍
出版者
京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科附属イスラーム地域研究センター
雑誌
イスラーム世界研究 : Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies (ISSN:18818323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, pp.320-336, 2014-03-14

Most of the Gulf States have been working on strengthening their financial industries in order to develop another sector that would provide an alternative to their oil industry. In this phenomenon Islamic finance has expanded its province in the financial sector, especially in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The Islamic financial market grew around 20% on average from 2000 until the global financial crisis in 2008. The Dubai shock attracted massive attention from the world as Islamic financial products were involved. However, the Dubai shock has been overcome by the initiatives of the UAE and Dubai governments. This paper will study how the Dubai shock was overcome by the process of validating the "Dubai Approach", a new dispute resolution system for dealing with disputes related to Islamic finance in Dubai. Accordingly, this paper will examine the progress and effectiveness of the "Dubai Approach".
著者
山本 直輝
出版者
京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科附属イスラーム地域研究センター
雑誌
イスラーム世界研究 : Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies (ISSN:18818323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, pp.362-368, 2014-03-14

This paper examines previous studies about ʻAbd al-Ghanī ibn Ismā‘īl al-Nābulusī (d. 1143/1731) and clarifies how research on him has progressed so far. Al-Nābulusī was one of the most distinguished mystical scholars in 18th century Ottoman Syria. He belonged to the School of Ibn al-‘Arabī and was known worldwide for his writings on waḥdat al-wujūd (the Unity of Existence). Nābulusī was a traveler, and his works on his travels give us a rounded understanding of the history and cultural conditions of the Ottoman Empire in the 18th century. From the mystical aspect, Nābulusī is remembered as the scholar who untangled the complicated thoughts of Ibn al-‘Arabī into a simpler form. Despite his caliber in the world of Islamic philosophy, studies on the characteristics of his mystical thought remain limited. Recent studies have revealed that Nābulusī may not have been merely an annotator of Ibn al-‘Arabī for the following reasons; first, He emphasized the human's sin (dhanb) against Allah in the doctrine of his waḥdat al-wujūd. This may be a new approach in the history of the School of Ibn al-‘Arabi. Second, he focused on using the word denoting Allah's command (amr) in his Sharḥ on Ibn al-Fāriḍ's poems, even though Ibn al-Fāriḍ himself didn't use this term himself. By focusing on these specific terms, it is believed that studying Nābulusī's waḥdat al-wujūd can present us with a new perspective towards the understanding of both inherited and developed thoughts in the School of Ibn al-‘Arabī in the Ottoman Empire.