著者

吉岡 佳子

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.3-36, 2013

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Although sign linguistics and pragmatics started almost at the same time in the early 1960's, few studies have been reported so far on pragmatics in sign languages. The present study aims at examining how politeness is realized in Japanese Sign Language (JSL). For this purpose, a videotaped discourse completion test (6 requests and 6 rejections) was conducted with the help of 8 native JSL signers.As a result, the JSL signers used a variety of politeness strategies, including both positive and negative ones, proposed by Brown & Levinson (1978/1987). It is particularly noteworthy that off-record strategies, i.e., indirect language uses with implicature, were observed in 12 cases among 90. In addition, a nonmanual marker (NMM) "polite grimace" was observed 19 times both in requests and in rejections. It co-occurred with /ask/, /reject/, /it's OK/, /sorry/ and /borrow/. Using this NMM, the signers seemingly showed their feelings such as "I really hate to tell you this, but", "against my will, I have to say", etc. Hoza (2007) reports that "polite grimace" is also observed in ASL. However, the NMM "polite grimace" in JSL is unique in that it is often combined with two-handed signs, which are derived from unmarked one-handed signs and show deference, and/or bowing, i.e., a traditional etiquette in Japan.Thus, the present study clarifies that the politeness theory is applicable to JSL too. From another viewpoint, it indicates the richness of JSL as a language.

著者

⻄野 淑子

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.38-65, 2019-12-10 (Released:2020-12-21)

参考文献数

5

著者

浅田 裕子

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.31-39, 2019-12-10 (Released:2020-12-21)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

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手話言語では、複数の要素を列挙する場合、非利き手の指を一本ずつ横に伸ばし、数のサインを保持することで、利き手の列挙操作における補助的機能を果たす場合がある。従来研究でよく知られているのは、非利き手の指を一本ずつ横に伸ばしていくタイプ(標準型)の列挙浮標であるが、日本手話においては、非利き手の指を内側に折りこんでいくタイプ(内向き型)も存在する。興味深いことに、この内向き型列挙浮標は、日本手話話者や音声日本語話者が使用する数を数えるジェスチャーと表現形態が類似している。そこで本研究では、日本手話母語話者と音声日本語話者を対象に調査を実施し、二タイプの列挙浮標と音声日本語話者が発話時に使用する数のジェスチャーの分布を比較した。この結果、手話話者の使用する内向き型列挙浮標とジェスチャーでは、いくつかの重要な差異があることが明らかになった。この観察に基づき、本論は、日本手話の内向き型列挙浮標は数を数えるジェスチャーから文法化した言語的要素であると提案する。内向き型列挙浮標は、ジェスチャーにはみられない離散性、階層性、そして形式と意味の対応という人間言語の本質的特性を示している。最近の諸研究ではジェスチャーと手話サインの境界について活発な議論が交わされているが (Kendon 2008, McNeill 2000)、本研究の調査結果は、ジェスチャーと手話サインを区別する実証的証拠があるという立場 (Goldin-Meadow & Brentari 2017) を支持するものである。

著者

末森 明夫

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.26-27, 2019

著者

末森 明夫

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.28-30, 2019

著者

末森 明夫 高橋 和夫 TIJSSELING Corrie

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.34-37, 2019

著者

小枝 豊

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.10-25, 2019

著者

伊藤 政雄 雨森 郁美 伊藤 照美 伊藤 文久 犬塚 直志 末森 明夫 猶原 拓也 三浦 富美子 岡本 洋

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.66-77, 2019

著者

末森 明夫

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.31-33, 2019

著者

⻄野 淑子

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.38-65, 2019

著者

亀井 伸孝

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.99-112, 2008-09-14 (Released:2016-07-09)

参考文献数

10

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This paper represents a preliminary treatment of the ethnography of African Deaf communities, focusing on the Deaf community in the Republic of Cameroon. Ethnographic data on the population, organizations, sign languages, education, history, vocations and sign language interpreters within this Deaf community are presented. Certain anecdotes originating from Deaf churches and Deaf schools are also presented. The historical and cultural characteristics of African societies underscore the following research interests: (a) the multilingual situation of spoken languages and of sign languages; (b) the presence of foreign sign languages and the attitudes of Deaf people; and (c) the " unintentional results " Deaf Africans of low levels of development. In addition, two ideas to promote cultural anthropological research based on the fieldwork conducted within Deaf cultures are suggested: (a) the construction of databases on African Deaf communities and cultures; and (b) the training of Deaf and hearing fieldworkers who can conduct research in sign languages.

著者

平 英司

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.31-49, 2015-12-01 (Released:2016-12-21)

参考文献数

40

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This thesis is a case study of hearing child K with hearing parents and a deaf brother. K 's parents use Japanese and Japanese Sign Language as a language of the home. And, her parents are bringing up the deaf child by Japanese Sign Language. K grows up in a bilingual environment of Japanese and Japanese Sign Language. The focus in the present study is the process of mode-switching from a simultaneous mode of using voice and sign expressions together (simcom mode) to the mode of only using sign expressions (sign mode). Concretely, it analyzes whether the linguistic structure of sign expressions switches during mode-switching. It found that the linguistic structure of the sign expressions tended to switch from Japanese to Japanese Sign Language when mode-switching from sim-com mode to sign mode. This suggests that K switches linguistic structure (i.e., code switches) during mode-switching.

著者

末森 明夫

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.25-52, 2017

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<p>In this paper, we analysed terms related to the deaf-mute and the gestural language in primitive sutras translated into Pali, Sanskrit, Chinese, English, or Japanese based on systematic, functional linguistics including genre analysis, register analysis, cognitive lexicology comprising semasiology and onomagiology, and translation theory. This indicated how early Buddhism was organised and the diverse Buddhist terms that were utilised in this context at the time. The text mining shows that the diverse terms related to the deaf-mute were observed onomagiologically in the primitive sutras in Pali; however, few were observed semasiologically in the primitive Chinese sutras. Additionally, terms related to the sign (i.e. argot) were observed only in contexts related to commandments in the primitive sutras in Pali; however, they were extended semantically to the gestural language in primitive Chinese sutras. Based on these observations, the contexts showing the interaction of terms related to the deaf-mute and the gestural language were investigated. The analysis revealed that the conceptual system of the deaf-mute and the gestural language in ancient Indian or Chinese societies was symbolised through the translation of the primitive sutras.</p>

著者

田門 浩

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.11-30, 2014-12-25 (Released:2015-12-28)

参考文献数

30

著者

大杉 豊

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.15-24, 2012 (Released:2013-12-25)

参考文献数

12

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This paper brings lexical variation among sign language users in Japan into focus. A nationwide data collection project, completed in 2010 with the help of 94 Deaf sign language users from all 47 prefectures of Japan, found that most items among the 30 lexical items showing extensive variation appear in data from the 70 year-old group, and there is little variation in data from the 30 year-old group. The further analysis on the data demonstrates explicitly that the lexical sharing phenomenon is occurring on sign language users in Japan.

著者

桜井 強

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.23-24, 2009

著者

松岡 和美

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.69-83, 2008-09-14 (Released:2016-07-09)

参考文献数

15

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This paper presents an analysis in Matsuoka (1997) of three seemingly unrelated constructions in American Sign Language (ASL): verb final, verb sandwich, and object shift. It is argued here that the three constructions are all derived via verb raising targeting the Asp head, which is assumed to be head-final in ASL. It is also shown that the Copy Theory of Movement (Chomsky 1995) relates the verb final and the verb sandwich constructions. The syntactic analyses in the previous work are presented in a recent framework in the Minimalist Program (Chomsky 1995). Written for the audience who might not be familiar with Minimalist Syntax, the paper includes an introduction of the derivation of sentences in spoken English and French. Braze's (2003) amendment of Matsuoka's model is also presented. In the discussion of the object shift construction, the paper shows that spoken and sign languages both exhibit the abstract syntactic property regarding the availability of verb raising and object shift. Particularly, it is noteworthy that Holmberg's Generalization can be observed in the object shift construction in both spoken Icelandic and ASL. The analysis presented in this paper strongly indicates the possibility that verb raising and its relationship to the availability of object shift are a part of the universal aspects of Human Language.

著者

小谷 眞男 下城 史江 飯泉 菜穂子

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.19-38, 2011-12-19 (Released:2012-12-20)

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Ochanomizu University (Tokyo) has started the new course, “Introduction to Sign Language Studies”, from the academic year 2010. This course has a position in the interdisciplinary liberal arts education programs of the University, Which are systematically introduced in 2008. In this course, Primarily, the well-trained deaf teacher, as a native signer, gives Japanese Sign Language (JSL) lessons to the students by the natural approach method, in other words, without any spoken language. The class-size is small (nearly15-18). Secondarily, the hearing lecturer, as a JSL-Japanese interpreter, talks on the JSL, the Deaf people and the life-history of herself by spoken language. The aim of “JSL in the liberal arts” is not only to learn the JSL itself, but also to attain cross-cultural awareness by coming into contact with a different culture, that is “Deaf culture”.