著者

Hatakeyama Tomomitsu Himeshima Tomoharu Komatsu Akane Yamasaki Nobuyuki

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.10, pp.1736-1739, 1993-10-23

被引用文献数

2 15

---

Two Ca^<2+>-dependent lectins were purified from the sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus by affinity chromatography on lactosyl-Sepharose 4B and ion-exchange chromatography on Q-Sepharose. Their molecular masses were estimated to be 13 kDa (SJL-I) and 15 kDa (SJL-II) on SDS-PAGE. SJL-I agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes as well as human A, B, and O-type erythrocytes, but SJL-II agglutinated only rabbit erythrocytes. Hemagglutination by SJL-I was competitively inhibited by N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and galactose-containing carbohydrates. On the other hand, only lactose, melibiose, and raffinose gave weak inhibition of hemagglutination by SJL-II, suggesting that SJL-II may have high specificity for particular complex carbohydrate(s) on the surface of rabbit erythrocytes. SJL-II was activated at ten times lower Ca^<2+> concentration than SJL-I. Both lectins lost activity in acidic pH, while SJL-I appeared more stable down to pH 4.5.

著者

岩本 徹 濱田 康文 福岡 裕幸 岡田 俊明

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.2, pp.173-175, 1996-02-01

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

3

---

In germinating Phaseolus vulgaris seeds, β-N-acetylhexosaminidase was found in all parts such as cotyledon, hypocotyl, plumule, and radicle, but N, N'-diacetylchitobiase (chitobiase) was present predominantly in cotyledons. β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase activity and protein content decreased gradually during the germination process;however, chitobiase activity in cotyledons was found to be increased. Germination in the present of some antibiotics inhibiting protein synthesis depressed the formation of chitobiase in the cotyledons, but these antibiotics did not significantly affect the formation of β-N-acetylhexosaminidase.

著者

緒方 譲二 ドーラム ジャニス 萩原 義秀 萩原 秀昭 上山 英夫 柴本 崇行

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, 1996-03-05

著者

Kawaii Satoru Yoshizawa Yuko Mizutani Junya

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.5, pp.982-985, 1994-05-23

被引用文献数

2 4

---

The physiological effects of two phenolic nematocides, chavicol and demethyleugenol, on C. elegans were studied by [Ca^<2+>]_i measurement using a microspectrofluorometer and an image analyzer. Chavicol and demethyleugenol, which had similar effects on the nematodes, caused a significant elevation of [Ca^<2+>]_i in the intestinal tract. The image analysis suggested that these phenolic nematocides caused the destruction of cell membrane and the leakage of cytosol from the intestinal tract into the pseudocoelomic cavity.

著者

Hirano Shinya Miyashita Kazuo Ota Toru NISHIKAWA Masazumi MARUYAMA Kazuki NAKAYAMA Suguru

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.281-285, 1997-02-23

被引用文献数

8 21

---

The oxidative stability of ethyl linoleate (LA), ethyl linolenate (LN), and ethyl docosahexaenoate (DHA) in an aqueous solution was compared by measuring the decrease in unoxidized substrate and the formation of total hydroperoxides, conjugated dienes, and monohydroperoxides (MHPs). The highest stability was shown by DHA, this being followed by LN and LA in both cases when using Fe^<2+>-ascorbic acid and 2, 2'-azobis(2, 4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (AMVN) as a initiator, while the reverse order of oxidative stability was obtained when the esters were oxidized in chloroform or ethanol with AMVN. The stability of MHPs in an aqueous solution also increased with increasing degree of unsaturation. HPLC analyses showed little difference in the positional distribution of MHP isomers between aqueous oxidation and autoxidation in the air. This result suggests no selective abstraction of hydrogen atoms from the bisallylic positions of polyunsaturated fatty acid in an aqueous phase. The product ratio of hydoroperoxy epidioxides to MHPs in the aqueous oxidation of LN was lower than that of autoxidized LN in the air, showing the rapid decomposition of epidioxides in an aqueous solution.

著者

稲垣 浩二 寺田 一郎 山崎 嘉也

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, 1995-07-05

著者

Zhaorigetu Siqin Sasaki Masahiro Watanabe Hiromitsu KATO Norihisa

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.10, pp.2181-2186, 2001-10-23

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

10 97

---

This study was done to discover the underlying mechanism of the inhibitory effect of sericin against colon tumorigenesis. Mice were fed a diet with 30 g/kg sericin for 115 d, and given a weekly injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (10 mg/kg body weight) for the initial 10 wk. Dietary supplemental sericin caused a 62% reduction in the incidence of colonic adenoma (P<0.05), but did not affect the incidence of colonic adenocarcinoma. Sericin intake significantly reduced the number of colon adenomas. Consumption of sericin significantly reduced the BrdU labeling index of colonic proliferating cells and the expression of colonic c-myc and c-fos. The levels of colonic 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, 4-hydroxynonenal, and inducible nitric oxide synthase protein were significantly suppressed by sericin. The results suggest that dietary sericin suppresses the development of colon tumors by reducing oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and nitric oxide production.

著者

Hattori Noriaki Kajiyama Naoki Maeda Masako MURAKAMI Seiji

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.12, pp.2587-2593, 2002-12-23

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

5 17

---

Benzalkonium chloride (BAC), used to extract intracellular ATP, interferes with subsequent firefly luciferase-luciferin assays. There was a significant difference among wild-type luciferases with respect to BAC resistance. Luciola later alis luciferase (LlL) was the most tolerant, followed by Luciola cruciata luciferase (LcL) and Photinus pyralis luciferase. Random mutagenesis of thermostable mutants of LcL showed that the Glu490Lys mutation contributes to improved resistance to BAC. The corresponding Glu490Lys mutation was introduced into thermostable mutants of LlL by sitedirected mutagenesis. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that the resultant LlL-217L490K mutant, having both an Ala217Leu and a Glu490Lys mutation, showed the highest resistance to BAC, with an initial remaining bioluminescence intensity of 87.4% and a decay rate per minute of 29.6% in the presence of 0.1% BAC. The Glu490Lys mutation was responsible for increased resistance to inactivation but not inhibition by BAC. The LlL-217L490K had identical thermostability and pH stability to the parental thermostable mutant. From these results, it was concluded that the LlL-217L490K enzyme is advantageous for hygiene monitoring and biomass assays based on the ATP-bioluminescence methodology. This is the first report demonstrating improved resistance to BAC of the firefly luciferase enzyme.

著者

森本 友章 伊藤 博 瀬沼 勝 土佐 哲也

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, 1988-03-15

著者

島村 義樹 畝本 力 徳田 元

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, 1988-03-15

著者

KAWABATA Yasuyuki KUNO Atsushi GAMA Yasuo KUSAKABE Isao

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3, pp.524-525, 1996-03-23

被引用文献数

1 5

---

The substrate speciticity of a p-nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranosyl-uronic acid-hydrolyzinig enzyme (PNP-GAase) isolated from snail acetone powder has been investigated with various substrates, such as P-nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid (PNP-GA), 2-O-α-D-glucopyraniosyluronic acid-D-xylose (GA-2X), 2-O-(4-O-methyl-α-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid)-D-xylose (MeGA-2X), and O-α-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid-α-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (GA-GA). The K_m (mM) and V_<max> (μmol of glucuronic acid formed/mg of en-zyme protein/min) toward these substrates were as follows; 0.13 and 3.21 for PNP-GA, 0.33 and 0.089 for GA-2X, 17.6 and 0.094 for MeGA-2X, and 0.36 and 0.015 for GA-GA, respectively. The results indicate that the PNP-GAase specifically hydrolyzed PNP-GA, however, the enzyme had broad substrate specificity.

著者

奥山 治美

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.5, pp.583-585, 1995-05

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

3

著者

岩淵 淳 郭沢 建 黒川 隆史 中川 泰三 長谷川 明

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, 1988-03-15

著者

中村 英士 神 孝幸 舟橋 正浩 村井 章夫

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, 1995-07-05

著者

三原 智 原田 公博 中村 修一 西村 修

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, 1988-03-15

著者

Onaka Hiroyasu Taniguchi Shin-ichi Igarashi Yasuhiro FURUMAI Tamotsu

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.127-138, 2003-01-23

被引用文献数

10 101

---

The biosynthetic gene cluster for rebeccamycin, an indolocarbazole antibiotic, from Lechevalieria aerocolonigenes ATCC 39243 has 11 ORFs. To clarify their functions, mutants with rebG, rebD, rebC, rebP, rebM, rebR, rebH, rebT, or orfD2 disrupted were constructed, and the gene products were examined. rebP disruptants produced 11,11'-dichlorochromopyrrolic acid, found to be a biosynthetic intermediate by a bioconversion experiment. Other genes encoded N-glycosyltransferase (rebG), monooxygenase (rebC), methyltransferase (rebM), a transcriptional activator (rebR), and halogenase (rebH). rebT disruptants produced rebeccamycin as much as the wild strain, so rebT was probably not involved in rebeccamycin production. Biosynthetic genes of staurosporine, an another indolocarbazole antibiotic, were cloned from Streptomyces sp. TP-A0274. staO, staD, and staP were similar to rebO, rebD, and rebP, respectively, all of which are responsible for indolocarbazole biosynthesis, But a rebC homolog, encoding a putative enzyme oxidizing the C-7 site of pyrrole rings, was not found in the staurosporine biosynthetic gene cluster. These results suggest that indolocarbazole is constructed by oxidative decarboxylation of chromopyrrolic acid (11,11'-dichlorochromopyrrolic acid in rebeccamycin) generated from two molecules of tryptophan by coupling and that the oxidation state at the C-7 position depends on the additional enzyme(s) encoded by the biosynthetic genes.

著者

Ohkuma Moriya Noda Satoko Hongoh Yuichi KUDO Toshiaki

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.1, pp.78-84, 2002-01-23

被引用文献数

13 59 66

---

Phylogenetically diverse clones of the partial 16S rDNA (ca. 850 bp) of bacteria belonging to the bacteroides subgroup of the cytophaga-flavobacter-bacteroides phylum were collected from the symbiotic microbial communities in the guts of six termite species without cultivation. Combined with the sequences reported previously, a total of thirty phylotypes of the subgroup were identified and classified into five phylogenetic clusters. One that was comprised of the phylotypes from a single termite species was related to the genus Rikenella. Two were clustered each with some cultured strains, genera of which have not been clearly defined yet. The remaining two clusters had no culturable representatives, suggesting the presence of yetuncultivated genera within the termite guts. From these sequence data, we designed a specific primer for the bacteroides subgroup, which was successful in the terminalrestriction fragment length polymorphism analysis to detect the phylotypes of the subgroup in the termite gut.

著者

仲佐 輝子 山口 真由美 沖中 靖 目鳥 幸一 高橋 周七

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.11, pp.1491-1498, 1995-11-01

被引用文献数

12 16

---

Male Wistar rats were fed on a 1% cholesterol plus 12% lard containing-diet for 2 weeks (HC group). Accumulation of cholesterol and triacylglycerol was observed in their livers. The level of cholesterol in plasma of HC group was increased to 1.6 times that in the normal (Nor) group, while the level of triacylglycerol was lower than that in the Nor group. Plasma lipoproteins in the HC group were characterized by an increase in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-plus low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol level and a decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level. Subsequently, the diet of the HC group was switched to a normal diet, and this group was divided into two groups of HCN and HCND. HCND group was orally administered Du-Zhong leaf extract, and HCN group was given tap water ad libitum. After feeding for two more weeks, the levels of plasma and hepatic cholesterol in the HCND group significantly decreased, and the level of hepatic triacylglycerol in this group was also lower than that in HCN group. The ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol became greater by the administration of Du-Zhong leaf extract. On the other hand, the level of VLDL-+LDL-cholesterol in HCND group was significantly lower than that in HCN group. While no difference of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity in liver was observed among HCN, HCND, and Nor groups, the activity of fatty acid synthetase in HCND group was lower than that in the HCN group and was nearly equal to that in the Nor group. These results suggest that Du-Zhong leaf extract may have recuperative effects for hypercholesterolemia and fatty liver.

著者

ONO Tomotada CHOI Myoeng Rak IKEDA Ako ODAGIRI Satoshi

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.9, pp.2291-2297, 1991-09-23

被引用文献数

8 42

---

The protein particles in soymilk were fractionated in size by differential centrifugation. Particles of more than 100 nm in diameter (LSP) constituted 40% of the total protein in raw soymilk, 70% of the protein components being 11S globulin. LSP was not formed in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol and sodium ascorbate. LSP was decreased by heating, and particles of 100-40 nm in diameter (MSP) were increased. The formation of MSP was not due to any degradation of LSP but to the combination of supernatant proteins of less than 40 nm in diameter with each other. MSP formed by heating contained the βsubunit of 7S and the basic subunit of 11S as main components. The particles of more than 40 nm in diameter (LSP+MSP) constituted 50% of the total protein in both raw soymilk and soymilk.

著者

IMAGI Jun MURAYA Koji YAMASHITA Daisuke ADACHI Shuji MATSUNO Ryuichi

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.8, pp.1236-1240, 1992-08-23

被引用文献数

13 42

---

Methyl linoleate (ML), linoleic acid (LA), and ethyl eicosapentaenoate (EE) were entrapped in saccharide and protein matrixes, and then stored at 37℃ in a desiccator controlled at 75% relative humidity. ML entrapped with α-cyclodextrin, maltodextrin, and pullulan was extremely resistant to autoxidation, but LA entrapped with maltodextrin and pullulan rapidly oxidized. LA entrapped with α-cyclodextrin was the most stable against oxidation. ML entrapped with gelatin or gum arabic was less resistant to autoxidation than that that entrapped with pullulan. there was little difference in the susceptibility to oxidation between ML and LA entrapped with gelatin or gum arabic. Egg albumin protected ML more effectively against oxidation than LA, while sodium caseinate protected LA more in ML. Ethyl eicosapentaenoate entrapped with pullulan was highly resistant to oxidation, 90% of the total lipid remaining after 35 days. The effect on the oxidation of diffusion of oxygen through the matrix was estimated. It is suggested that the retardation of oxidation of the entrapped lipid can not be explained only by the effect of diffusion.