著者

Yoshimoto Makoto Okuno Shigenori Yoshinaga Masaru YAMAKAWA Osamu YAMAGUCHI Masaatu YAMADA Jiro

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.3, pp.537-541, 1999-03-23

被引用文献数

30 104

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Antimutagenicity of the water extracts prepared from the storage roots of four varieties of sweetpotato with different flesh colors was investigated using Salmonella typhimurium TA 98. The extract from the whole roots of the purple-colored Ayamurasaki variety effectively decreased the reverse mutation induced not only by Trp-P-1,Trp-P-2,IQ, B [a] P, and 4-NQO but also by dimethyl sulfoxide extracts of grilled beef. Comparison of the inhibitory activity of the extracts from the normal Ayamurasaki and its anthocyanin-deficient mutant one suggested that the anthocyanin pigment in the flesh decreases the mutagenic activity of the mutagens as heterocyclic amines. Two anthocyanin pigments purified from purple-colored sweetpotato, 3-(6,6'-caffeylferulylsophoroside)-5-glucoside of cyanidin (YGM-3) and peonidin (YGM-6) effectively inhibited the reverse mutation induced by heterocyclic amines, Trp-P-1,Trp-P-2,and IQ in the presence of rat liver microsomal activation systems.

著者

深谷 哲也 坂本 秀樹 村岡 明高 高見 澤一裕 堀津 浩章

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.2, pp.233-239, 1994-02-01

被引用文献数

2 2

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Worcestershire sauce production might include a fermentation step. The raw materials have high osmotic pressure, so we set out to select an osmotolerant yeast strain suitable for Worcestershire sauce production. Three commonly used yeasts were evaluated : Soccharomyces cerevisiae OC-2, a wine yeast;Kluyveromyces fragilis IFO 0288, widely used for fermentation of kefir grains ; and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii IFO 0493, a soy sauce yeast. In the range of total sugar Concentrations of 28.1-47.8% (the mixture contained sucrose, glucose, and fructose) cell numbers and ethanol production decreased as the sugar concentration rose, especially with K.fragilis. The relationship between the total sugar concentration and ethanol production by each yeast was expressed as follows : S.cerevisiae OC-2 (n=8, r=0.999) P=-1.54×10^-4×S^3+1.72×10^-2×S^2-0.649×S+8.91 K.fragilis IFO 0288 (n=8, r=0.995) P=(-3.57×10^-2×S)+1.74 Z.rouxii IFO 0493 (n=8, r=0.987) P=-1.15×10^-3×S^2+9.38×10^-2×S-1.36 Where P is the ethanol production and S is the total sugar concentration. Under the usual conditions for Worcestershire sauce production, with 39% total sugars, S.cerevisiae OC-2 had the greatest osmotolerance of the three yeasts, with higher ethanol productivity and satisfactory production of aromatic components than the other yeasts. We selected S.cerevisiae OC-2 for trial in the proposed new step in Worcestersbire sauce production.

著者

PARK Jae-Seon HORINOUCHI Sueharu BEPPU Teruhiko

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.7, pp.1745-1750, 1991-07-23

被引用文献数

8

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An endo-type semi-alkaline cellulase (CMCase I) produced by an alkalophilic Streptomyces strain has an extraordinarily long leader peptide of about 70 amino acids (aa), which can be grouped into four distinct regions, an NH2-terminal region (13aa), an Arg-cluster region (13aa), a hydrophobic region (23aa), and an Ala/Pro-repeat region (12aa). For identification of the function of each part of the leader peptide for secretion of the enzyme, mutations in the leader peptide were generated by site-directed mutagenesis using the cloned gene, and the mutant genes were expressed in a cellulase-negative mutant strain, Streptomyces lividans HN1. Although all the alterations in the leader peptide, except for one case, decreased secretion to various extents, in S. lividans, the following conclusions were obtained. Comparison of the intra- and extra-cellular enzyme activities of the mutants suggested that the Arg-cluster region was essential in secretion of the cellulase. Deletion of 8 amino acids rich in threonine and proline in the NH_2-terminal region enhanced the secretion to a small extent. Deletion of the Ala/Pro repeat region had almost no effect on secretion.

著者

Fujii Isao Mori Yuichiro Watanabe Akira KUBO Yasuyuki TSUJI Gento EBIZUKA Yutaka

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.8, pp.1445-1452, 1999-08-23

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

9 80

---

The Colletotrichum lagenarium PKS1 gene was expressed in the heterologous fungal host, Aspergillus oryzae, under the starch-inducible α-amylase promoter to identify the direct product of polyketide synthase (PKS) encoded by the PKS1 gene. The main compound produced by an A.oryzae transformant was isolated and characterized to be 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene (T4HN) as its tetraacetate. Since the PKS1 gene was cloned from C.lagenarium to complement the nonmelanizing albinio mutant, T4HN was assumed to be an initial biosynthetic intermediate, and thus the product of the PKS reaction, but had not been isolated from the fungus. The production of T4HN by the PKS1 transformant unambiguously identified the gene to encode a PKS of pentaketide T4HN. In addition, tetraketide orsellinic acid and pentaketide isocoumarin were isolated, the latter being derived from a pentaketide monocyclic carboxylic acid, as by-products of the PKS1 PKS reaction. Production of the pentaketide carboxylic acid provided insights into the mechanism for the PKS1 polyketide synthase reaction to form T4HN.

著者

Ahsan Mohammad Mainul Matsumoto Miwako Karita Shuichi KIMURA Tetsuya SAKKA Kazuo OHMIYA Kunio

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.3, pp.427-431, 1997-03-23

被引用文献数

2 19

---

The Clostridium thermocellum endoglucanase CelJ contains two different catalytic domains in a polypeptide, i.e., a subfamily E1 catalytic domain and a family J catalytic domain [J Bacteriol., 178, 5732-5740 (1996)],, The family J catalytic domain (CDJ-CelJ) was produced by a recombinant Escherichia coli and purified. The purified CDJ-CelJ gave a single band on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the molecular weight of this enzyme (60,000) was consistent with the value (60,333) calculated from the DNA sequence. CDJ-CelJ hydrolyzed various cellulosic substrates, xylan, and lichenan but not p-nitropbenyl (PNP)-cellobioside, PNP-glucoside, or PNP-xyloside at all. CDJ-CelJ was active on Avicel, a microcrystalline cellulose, and the specific activity of CDJ-CelJ on Avicel (0.0078U/mg protein) was comparable to that of CelS, which is recognized as the most important catalytic subunit of the C. thermocellum, cellulosome, suggesting that CelJ is also an important catalytic subunit in the cellulosome of this bacterium, in addition to CelS.

著者

Ueno Yoshie Hayakawa Kiyoshi Takahashi Saori ODA Kohei

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.7, pp.1168-1171, 1997-07-23

被引用文献数

13 135

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Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) [EC 4.1.1.15] was purified from a cell-free extract of Lactobacillus brevis IFO 12005 by chromatographies on Sephadex G-100, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B, and Mono Q. About 9 mg of purified GAD was obtained from 90.2 g of wet cells. The purified preparation showed a single protein band on SDS-PAGE. The molecular weights of purified GAD by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration on Superdex 200 were 60,000 and 120,000, respectively, indicating that GAD from L. brevis exists as a dimer. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified GAD was NH_2-Met-Asn-Lys-Asn-Asp-Gln-Glu-Gln-Thr-. The optimum pH and temperature of GAD were at pH 4.2 and at 30℃. The GAD activity was increased by the addition of sulfate ions in a dose-dependent manner. The order of effect was as follows: ammonium sulfate > sodium sulfate > magnesium sulfate, indicating that the increase of hydrophobic interaction between subunits causes the increase of GAD activity. The purified GAD reacted only with L-glutamic acid as asubstrate and the K_m, k_<cat>, and k_<cat>/K_m values were 9.3 mM, 6.5s^<-1>, and 7×10^2 M^<-1>s^<-1>, respectively.

著者

西 恒寛 北原 武

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, 1995-07-05

著者

吉田 正 大山 莞爾 河内 孝之 駒野 徹

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, 1988-03-15

著者

Ogawa Tadashi Tsuji Hideaki Bando Noriko Kitamura Keisuke Zhu Yue-Lin Hirano Hisashi Nishikawa Kiyoshi

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.6, pp.1030-1033, 1993-06-23

被引用文献数

28 151

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The soybean allergenic protein, Gly m Bd 30K [Ogawa et al., J. Nutr. Sci. Vitamihol., 37, 555-565(1991)] which is most strongly and frequently recognized by the IgE antibodies in sera of soybean-sensitive patients with atopic dermatitis, has been characterized. The allergen was isolated from the crude 7S-globulin fraction as an oligomeric form with a molecular weight of more than 3000,000 by gel-filtration chromatography. On two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, the native oligomeric allergen had an isoelectric point of about pH 4.5 and was dissociated into a monomeric form with a molecular weight of about 32,000 by the treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate and 2-mercaptoethanol. The monomeric allergen had an N-terminal amino acid sequence and amino acid composition identical with those of the soybean seed 34-kDa oil-body-associated protein or the soybean vacuolar protein P34 with close homology to papain-like thiol proteinases [Kalinski et al., J. Biol. Chem., 267, 12068 (1992)]. The identity was further confirmed by the immunological cross-reactivity to the antibodies produced against each of the purified allargen and the 34-kDa oil-body-associated protein. By this observation, Gly m Bd 30K was shown to have about 30% sequence homology with Der pI, a house dust mite allergen that is a thiol proteinase from Dermatophagoides pteronyssius.

著者

岩下 恵子 小堀 真珠子 新本 洋士 津志田 藤二郎

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, 1996-03-05

著者

Osawa Toshihiko Sugiyama Yasunori Inayoshi Masanori Kawakishi Shunro

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.9, pp.1609-1612, 1995-09-23

被引用文献数

23 180

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In order to develop a new type of antioxidative compound which has both the phenolic and β-diketone moiety in the same molecule, we converted three known curcuminoids, curcumin (diferuloylmethane, U1), (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl)methane (U2), and bis-(4-hydroxycinnamoyl)methane (U3), which are the natural antioxidants of Curcuma longa L. (turmeric), to tetrahydrocurcuminoids (THU1, THU2, and THU3, respectively) by hydrogenation, and evaluated their antioxidative activity by using linoleic acid as the substrate in an ethanol/water system. Further, we used the rabbit erythrocyte membrane ghost and rat liver microsome as in vitro systems and determined the antioxidative activity of these curcuminoids. When we evaluated their antioxidative activity by these assays, it was found that THU1 had the strongest antioxidative activity among all curcuminoids in each assay system. THU1 has been reported to be one of the main metabolites of U1 in vivo [Holder et al. , Xenobiotica, 8, 761-768 (1978)]. These results suggest that THU1 must play an important role in the antioxidative mechanism of U1 in vivo by converting U1 into THU1.

著者

AL-MASHIKHI S.A. NAKAI Shuryo

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.11, pp.2881-2887, 1987-11-23

被引用文献数

19

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Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) was used to separate ovotransferrin (OVT) by a single chromatographic step. Ovotransferrin was bound strongly to immobilized copper ions, while other components of egg white passed through the column. Using acidic pH and/or a strong competing solute, imidazole, ovotransferrin was recovered in 94〜98% pure form as indicated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis. The elution profiles from the IMAC column indicated the presence of two forms of ovotransferrin. The capacity of the IMAC column was 20mg OVT/ml copper loaded gel. Saturation of the metal binding sites of ovotransferrin with Fe^<2+> and Cu^<2+> did not interfere with the binding of ovotransferrin to the IMAC column. However, modification of the histidine residues in ovotransferrin with diethyl pyrocarbonate almost completely destroyed the binding to the IMAC column.

著者

SHIMOKAWA Tomoko YOSHIDA Shigeki TAKEUCHI Toshio MURATA Katsumi ISHII Tadashi KUSAKABE Isao

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.9, pp.1532-1534, 1996-09-23

被引用文献数

4 36

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The objective of this study was to prepare two series of authentic oligo-guluronic acids from sodium alginate. Oligo-guluronic acids (DP=1-9) were prepared from an acid hydrolysate of poly-guluronic acid by successive chromatographies of Bio-Gel P-6 and Q Sepharose Fast Flow. Oligo-guluronic acids having 4-deoxy-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranosyluronic acid residues at the non-reducing end (DP=2-7) were prepared from the enzymatic degradation products of the poly-guluronic acid in the same manner. Each of the isolated oligo-guluronic acids gave a single band on fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis. These results suggest that successive chromatographies used in this study are well suited for the preparation of alginate-derived oligouronic acids.

著者

Hayashi Ken-Ichiro Suzuki Kiyokazu Kawaguchi Maki Nakajima Tomoko Suzuki Tadao Numata Masahiro Nakamura Toyoo

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.319-320, 1995-02-23

被引用文献数

4 12

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In the search for antioxidants from microbial organisms, we found that Penicillium roquefortii IFO 5956 produced an antioxidant. This antioxidant was isolated from a culture broth of the strain, and its structure was identified to be 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (1). The antioxidative activity of 1 was nearly equal to that of tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisol(BHA).