文献一覧: 駒澤大学 (出版者)

1. The medical and psychosocial problems of the case As I described in the former paper (1), Ms. N.G. has suffered from a dissociative anxiety disorder (DSM-IV), by which she could not go out absolutely more than 10 years. She had also various somatic and psychological complaints as well as behavioral disturbances. In her past history of illnesses, since her childhood, she had suffered from tonsillitis, conjuctivitis, otitis media and cystitis in somatic disorders, as well as mysophobia, sleep walking, mutism, and school refusal in psychological and behavioral disorders. Furthermore her only sibling (brother) had school phobia and now he is in the home every day and no job and she had not any social supports from her parents. 2. The criteria of the indication of autogenic training of this case Autogenic training would not be effective in this case, because she would suffer from "exogene Fremdneurose," that comes from the severe environmental factors, as well as "charaktogene Kernneurose," that comes from the internal causes of oneself by Schultz's classificatory criteria. As she had a lot of medical and psychological problems, we should have done many adequate medical examinations and then should have given the standard psychotherapy with drug therapy and physical therapy. However, more than ten years, she could not take the orthodox therapy with drug therapy at all. Under the situations, she started autogenic training, mastered the first standard exercise (heaviness) through 51 practice days, and got quite a therapeutic effect. As the reasons why she could master the first exercise smoothly, we list the followings: 1. She has the strong motivation. 2. As she had an instruction manual that was written by the author, she could read it if necessary. 3. She had a plenty of time for doing the autogenic training periodically because of her phobia. In this article, I report all the record of the first 3 practice days without abbreviation. As you can see the record, she experienced the heaviness of arms and legs as well as many "autogenic discharges." 3. On the autogenic discharges As the consciousness decreases under autogenic training, there trait to happen a variety of mental activities spontaneously which are different from ordinal mental activities in both the contents and formalities. Those are related to mind the past events or to become aware of the new ideas. The autogenic state, that is the altered state of consciousness under autogenic training, may give an opportunity of changing the mind. In the protocol of 31th day, she recorded "I felt twitching at calves. My jaw jerked. My left arm moved as if skipping." In 32th day, she recorded "During autogenic exercise, I felt as if my body becomes light and floats in the air, and goes down as it was. Then I saw 3 birds are flying in an instant as if dreaming." As I mentioned above, there happen various autogenic discharges such as sensations, feelings, emotions, motions, and visual images ect. under autogenic state. 4. On the therapeutic effects When she mastered the first standard exercise, her appetite was increased and she had confidence in herself. The dependent tendency to her mother is decreased step by step, and she hit upon some ideas concerned with coping with her disorders actively. 5. The spontaneous appearance of the sensation of warmth She recorded in the protocol of 43th day that she felt slight warmth at her finger-tips after she had heaviness at the extremities, and then became warmer and warmer at her palms so much that she wondered. On the next day, she experienced these warmth again. The spontaneous sensation of warmth appeared probably as the result of vessels dilatation of her arms that took place by the muscle relaxation. 6. The spontaneous imagery in her elementary school period During autogenic training, she imagined spontaneously the place where she and her class mates went and played every summer vacations. She recorded in her protocol: "As I knew the method of application of imagination in autogenic training, I tried it during the practices. I am at peace very much." As I mentioned in the previous article, she suffered from mutism, 'kinder-garden refusal', and was buttered by the school mates. The tendencies continued to the first half of the elementary school period. In the second half, she suffered from the total school refusal. By the reasons, she disguised to remind her school period and she could not remind them actually. Even though she reminded only amusing experiences, she must have been able to remind them because she got better. 7. Conclusive comment Through the process I mentioned above, Ms. N.G. mastered the first standard exercise (heaviness) on February 23 (50th day). In her letter dated on February 20, the following contents were contained that she would have gotten the therapeutic effects by autogenic training. "In these days, the foods that I have hated have become good taste so much. Those experiences continue 5 times. I think it must be one of the therapeutic effect by the practices." Because of the results of personality tests, symptom checklist, and her personal history of illnesses, I did not have confidence that she would master autogenic training and would get better in the various complaints. Even though she continue to practice the standard exercises, she would not be able to get the sensation of heaviness. However, she could continue to practice the exercises 3 times every day for 50 days, and she could master the first exercise. At the result, she got some therapeutic effects.

2021-10-04 08:00:06
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110007481139

1 0 0 0 IR 中世曹洞宗切紙の分類試論-21-咒術・祈祷関係を中心として

著者: 石川力山
出版者: 駒澤大学
雑誌: 駒沢大学仏教学部研究紀要 (ISSN:04523628)
巻号頁・発行日: no.51, pp.p100-125, 1993-03

2021-09-27 22:35:02
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110007014969

1 0 0 0 質屋対策立法の展開(4・完)

著者: 渋谷隆一
出版者: 駒澤大学
雑誌: 駒沢大学経済学論集 (ISSN:03899853)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.5, no.2, pp.36-56, 1973-09

以上,明治維新以降昭和10年前後にいたる質屋対策立法の変遷過程について素描してきた。ここで確認できた諸問題について要約しておきたい。第1に,私営質屋業の展開をチェックする要因として金融諸機関(銀行,信用組合,公益質屋など),官庁,大企業を中心とする共済組合や健康保険組合制度の普及,労働者階級の実質賃金の上昇などを挙げることができるが,苛酷な質屋取締立法もまたその1つであった。第2に,この質屋取締立法の性格は,従来しばしば指摘されてきた行政府の犯罪捜査の利便のためだけでなく,日本資本主義の後進性に規定された社会問題の早期発生と独占資本の形成・確立期における社会問題の深化の態様に照応しながら徐々に変化している。そしてこの変化は,開明的官僚たちの社会政策的理念の予防先行的な導入によって開始され次第に現実的基盤をえたが,一方これに対する私営質屋業者の熾烈な反対運動によって著しく歪曲されたのである。すなわち欧米の自由主義の導入=幕藩体制下の質屋立法の緩和(「古着古金類等渡世之者取締規則」,「八品商取締規則」の制定<明治初年〜同13年>)→原蓄諸政策の強行・農業問題の発生=質屋撲滅論の台頭(「八品商取締規則」の改正,「質屋取締条例」の公布<同14年〜同18年>)→産業資本確立期における社会問題の断続的発生=官僚の社会政策的理念の導入と自由化を要求する私営質屋業者との対立(「質屋取締法」の公布<同28年>)→独占資本形成期における社会問題の本格的・重層的発生=官僚と私営質屋業者の対立激化(社会政策的な質屋取締法の改正法案の作成と挫折<明治末〜大正9年>)→独占資本確立期における社会問題の深化=両者の対立と妥協・質屋の公私併立主義の容認(「公益質屋法」の公布とその拡充・強化<昭和2年〜同10年>)がそれである。第3に,わが国における質屋対策の限界は,結局わが国資本主義の後進性に規定された質屋業の存立基盤の広汎かつ強固な残存,および労働運動の脆弱さにもとづく社会政策の貧困に求めることができよう。質屋の公私併立主義の採用こそ,正にその象徴的な帰結なのである。