著者

坂本 文徳 大貫 敏彦 香西 直文 山崎 信哉 吉田 善行 難波 謙二

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

日本原子力学会和文論文誌 (ISSN:13472879)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.4, pp.257-266, 2013

被引用文献数

5

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The local area distribution and relocation of radioactive cesium deposited in trees after the 2011 tsunami-related accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) have been studied by measuring the spatial distribution of cesium on/in trees by autoradiography analysis. Samples of trees were collected from places located between 4 and 55 km from FDNPP approximately 2, 8, 20, and 22 months after the accident. The autoradiography analyses of <i>Cryptomeria japonica</i>, <i>Torreya nucifera</i>, and <i>Thujopsis dolabrata</i> var. <i>hondae</i> samples collected approximately 2 and 8 months after the accident showed that radioactive Cs was mainly distributed as spots on the branches and leaves of the trees emerged before the accident, and was detected in negligible amounts in new branch and leaves that emerged after the accident. On the contrary, radioactive Cs was detected at the outermost tip of the branches in the trees collected 20 months after the accident. <i>Morus alba</i> samples collected 22 months after the accident contained radioactive Cs inside and outside their stems, even though no radioactive Cs was detected in their roots, strongly suggesting that a certain amount of radioactive Cs was translocated from the outside to the inside of stems. These results indicate that the distribution of radioactive Cs deposited on/in the trees gradually changes with time (scale: year).<br>

著者

木村 謙仁

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

日本原子力学会和文論文誌 (ISSN:13472879)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.138-148, 2013

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The French history of nuclear development clearly shows the inseparability of its civilian use from military use. In France, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique (CEA) and Électricité de France (EDF) have played an important role in research and development of nuclear technology since the postwar period. At first, the two organizations had kept great autonomy, but the government reinforced its control on them because France needed nuclear deterrence against the Soviet Union. France began using plutonium in 1952, and the Suez crisis in 1956 showed the need for nuclear force to ensure its independence. After this event, France managed the first nuclear test using plutonium in 1960. As for enriched uranium, they have long had great difficulty in securing it. The uranium enrichment technology became crucial also in civilian use in this period. EDF proposed the pressurized water reactor (PWR), which requires enriched uranium, as the future reactor type because of its economic advantage, but CEA wanted to continue developing the gas-cooled reactor (GCR) because of its independence in nuclear fuel supply. Finally, they chose PWR because a French enrichment facility was built in 1967. From such French history, we can say that the civilian and military use of nuclear technology are inseparable.<br>

著者

榎本 穣

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

日本原子力学会誌 (ISSN:00047120)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.8, pp.530-534, 1977

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Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Unit-3 is a BWR unit located in the seaside area of Okuma town in Fukushima Prefecture. Its thermal output is 2, 381 MWt; and the electrical rating is 784 MWe. The construction at the site started in Aug. 1970; and the commercial operation began on Mar. 27, 1976. The plant has been operated satisfactory and was shutdown Mar. 1, 1977 for the first annual inspection outage.<br>Here are the summary of the plant facility and the operating experience.

著者

OYAMA Yukio YAMAGUCHI Seiya MAEKAWA Hiroshi

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology (ISSN:00223131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.5, pp.419-428, 1988

被引用文献数

5

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Angular neutron fluxes leaking from the surface of lithium-oxide and graphite slab assemblies have been measured with irradiation of D-T neutrons. The spectrum measurement was performed using the time-of-flight technique with an NE213 scintillation detector. The thicknesses of the slabs were 0.6 to 5 mean free path for 14.8 MeV neutrons, and the measured leaking angles of the angular fluxes were 0.0°, 12.2°, 24.9°, 41.8° and 66.8°. The experimental results have been compared with the results calculated by the continuous energy Monte Carlo transport code MCNP, using the data in the JENDL-3PR1, -3PR2, and ENDF/B-V nuclear data files. The comparisons between the experimental and calculated results show that the data of <SUP>7</SUP>Li in JENDL-3PR2 is improved for the secondary emission spectra of the 4.63 MeV level and (n, 2n) reactions; the angular distributions of 3rd- and 4th-level inelastic reactions of C in the JENDLs are questionable. The thickness dependences for high energy neutrons also suggest that the total cross section of <SUP>7</SUP>Li and the elastic cross sections of C are slightly inadequate.

著者

Sato Satoshi Verzilov Yury Ochiai Kentaro WADA Masayuki KUTSUKAKE Chuzo TANAKA Shigeru ABE Yuichi SEKI Masakazu OGINUMA Yoshikazu KAWABE Masaru NISHITANI Takeo KONNO Chikara

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of nuclear science and technology (ISSN:00223131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.657-663, 2007-04-25

著者

IKEZOE Yasumasa SATO Shoichi ONUKI Kaoru MORISHITA Norio NAKAMURA Tomoo KATSUMURA Yosuke TABATA Yoneho

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology (ISSN:00223131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.9, pp.722-724, 1984

被引用文献数

1

著者

徐 婷 若林 利男

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

日本原子力学会和文論文誌 (ISSN:13472879)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.20-29, 2012 (Released:2012-02-15)

参考文献数

8

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The purpose of this study is to clarify public awareness of utilizing nuclear power in China and to determine the effects of the accident of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants. Web online surveys were carried out before and after the accident of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants. The online survey before the accident of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants had 4,255 adult respondents consisting of 1,851 males and 2,404 females. The online survey after the accident had 721 respondents consisting of 406 males and 315 females. The two online surveys about the attitude toward nuclear power plants consisted of 37 items, such as the necessity of nuclear power plants, the reliability of safety, and government confidence. As a result, respondents of the online surveys in China consider that nuclear energy is more important than the anxiety of accident. On the other hand, women have sensation of fear for the accident of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants and radiation.

著者

加藤 尊秋 八田 昌久 西川 雅史 松本 史朗

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

日本原子力学会和文論文誌 = Transactions of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan (ISSN:13472879)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.4, pp.404-420, 2007-12-25

被引用文献数

3

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Although dwellers living near a nuclear power station are entitled to economic/financial benefits such as increased job opportunities and local tax revenues pertaining to the power station, it is not clear whether such benefits are appreciated by the dwellers. Two findings of this study based upon a social survey of local dwellers living near the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station are summarized as follows. First, an increase in the per capita sizes of the local tax revenue and national subsidies resulted in a larger share of respondents who thought that those revenues are beneficial. Therefore, local dwellers are aware of the sizes of economic/financial benefits. Second, given the same risk level of nuclear disaster, a larger per capita financial benefit resulted in a larger share of respondents who felt compensated for the nuclear risk. However, this increase in the number of compensated respondents is low relative to the increase in the amount of financial benefits.<br>

著者

篠田 佳彦 山野 直樹 鳥井 弘之

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

日本原子力学会和文論文誌 = Transactions of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan (ISSN:13472879)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.4, pp.350-369, 2008-12-01

被引用文献数

1

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The social research group of the 21st century COE program "Innovative Nuclear Energy Systems for Sustainable Development of the World" has studied under the theme coevolution of nuclear technology and society. As part of this study, this group conducted a questionnaire survey of 2,500 adults (collection rate of 22.0%; 551 replies) who live in the Tokyo metropolitan area. The purpose of this survey asking opinion about the relationship between attitude toward nuclear technology utilization and social awareness is to determine their request, exception and concern about nuclear technology utilization. The survey reveals that the differences of attitudes towards nuclear technology utilization can be explained in terms of differences of general views on the society, such as the directionality of social progress. Thus, it is necessary to argue with citizens about the strategy on nuclear technology utilization from the viewpoint of the directionality of the future society. The social decision-making process on nuclear technology utilization has to be renovated through dialogue among citizens as the partner taking on the achievement and contribution toward the directionality of the future society.<br>

著者

三田地 紘史 山本 高久 吉岡 律夫 杉本 哲也

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

日本原子力学会和文論文誌 = Transactions of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan (ISSN:13472879)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.127-133, 2008-06-01

被引用文献数

1 7

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In this paper, the burn-up characteristics of a 200 MW_e molten-salt reactor are studied. This reactor has a three-region core in order to reduce the peak in fast neutron flux distribution. The reactor is operated for 30 years with the load factor of 0.75. The fuel is fed to the reactor every 33 days. The chemical processing of the fuel salt is performed every 7.5 years. Based on calculations using the nuclear analysis code SRAC2006 and the burn-up analysis code ORIGEN2, the following results have been obtained. (1) The graphite moderators can be used throughout the reactor lifetime without replacement. (2) The reactor is self-sustainable having an average fuel conversion ratio of 1.01. (3) The initial inventory of ²³³U is 1.13 t, net feed in 30 years is 0.34 t; thus, the necessary amount of ²³³U is 1.48 t. (4) Pu isotopes are produced at 1.5 kg and minor actinides at 27 kg per 1 GWe output in 30 years, which are absolutely small compared with those produced by BWR.<br>

著者

Chino Masamichi Nakayama Hiromasa Nagai Haruyasu TERADA Hiroaki KATATA Genki YAMAZAWA Hiromi

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of nuclear science and technology (ISSN:00223131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.7, pp.1129-1134, 2011-07-01

被引用文献数

27

著者

木名瀬 栄 木村 仁宣 高原 省五 本間 俊充

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

日本原子力学会和文論文誌 (ISSN:13472879)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.149-151, 2011 (Released:2011-07-29)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1

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There has been some concern in reviewing the effectiveness of making decisions on the implementation of protective measures in emergency exposure situations. After the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident, temporal changes in the concentration of iodine 131 in tap water were studied using published data from several authorities in Fukushima, Ibaraki, and Tokyo. Averted doses to infants (1-year-old children) due to the intake of iodine 131 through tap water restrictions were also evaluated. Consequently, it was found that the apparent half-life of iodine 131 in tap water was 2.8 days. The averted equivalent doses to the thyroids of 1-year-old children were found to have a maximum value of 8.3 mSv in a local area of Fukushima. Hence, the tap water restrictions implemented by the authorities were considered to be effective in the early phase of the emergency exposure situation.

著者

Amano Hikaru Takahashi Tomoyuki Uchida Shigeo MATSUOKA Syungo IKEDA Hiroshi HAYASHI Hiroko KUROSAWA Naohiro

出版者

Atomic Energy Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of nuclear science and technology (ISSN:00223131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.11, pp.975-979, 2003-11-25

被引用文献数

2