著者

Noriko Kojimahara Yong-Han Lee Ae-Kyoung Lee Sanghyuk Bae Ho-Jang Kwon Mina Ha Yasuto Sato Masao Taki J Wiart C.E. Langer Elisabeth Cardis

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230005, (Released:2023-06-17)

参考文献数

29

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Background: This study aimed to examine the association between risk of brain tumors and radiofrequency (RF) exposure from mobile phones among young people in Korea and Japan.Methods: This case-control study of brain tumors in young people was conducted in Korea and Japan under the framework of the international MOBI-Kids study. We included 118 patients diagnosed with brain tumors between 2011 and 2015 and 236 matched appendicitis controls aged 10–24 years. Information on mobile phone use was collected through face-to-face interviews. A detailed RF exposure algorithm, based on the MOBI-Kids algorithm and modified to account for the specificities of Japanese and Korean phones and networks, was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for total cumulative specific energy using conditional logistic regression.Results: The adjusted ORs in the highest tertile of cumulative call time at 1 year before the reference date were 1.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-3.60) for all brain tumors and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.16-3.03) for gliomas, with no indication of a trend with exposure. The ORs for glioma specifically, were below 1 in the lowest exposure category.Conclusions: This study provided no evidence of a causal association between mobile phone use and risk of brain tumors as a whole or glioma specifically. Further research will be required to evaluate the impact of newer technologies of communication in the future.

著者

Masato Takase Mitsuhiro Yamada Tomohiro Nakamura Naoki Nakaya Mana Kogure Rieko Hatanaka Kumi Nakaya Ippei Chiba Ikumi Kanno Kotaro Nochioka Naho Tsuchiya Takumi Hirata Yohei Hamanaka Junichi Sugawara Tomoko Kobayashi Nobuo Fuse Akira Uruno Eiichi N Kodama Shinichi Kuriyama Ichiro Tsuji Atsushi Hozawa

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220355, (Released:2023-04-08)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Although fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) affect lung function, FMI and FFMI are not independent of each other since FMI and FFMI were calculated as fat mass and fat-free mass divided by height squared, respectively. We aimed to examine the association of combined FMI and FFMI with lung function.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, lung function was evaluated using forced expiratory volume at 1 s and forced vital capacity was measured using spirometry. Both FMI and FFMI were classified into sex-specific quartiles (16 groups). Analysis of covariance was used to assess the associations of combined FMI and FFMI with lung function. The trend test was conducted by stratifying the FMI and FFMI, scoring the categories from 1–4 (lowest–highest), and entering the number as a continuous term in the regression model.Results: This study included 3,736 men and 8,821 women aged ≥20 years living in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The mean FEV1 (standard deviation) was 3.0 (0.7) L for men and 2.3 (0.5) L for women. The mean FVC was 3.8 (0.7) L for men and 2.8 (0.5) L for women. The FMI was inversely associated with lung function among all FFMI subgroups in both sexes. Conversely, FFMI was positively associated with lung function in all FMI subgroups in both sexes.Conclusions: Higher FMI was associated with lower lung function independent of FFMI; higher FFMI was associated with higher lung function independent of FMI. Reducing FMI and maintaining FFMI might be important for respiratory health.

著者

Kosuke Kiyohara Tomohiko Sakai Chika Nishiyama Tatsuya Nishiuchi Yasuyuki Hayashi Taku Iwami Tetsuhisa Kitamura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.67-74, 2018-02-05 (Released:2018-02-05)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

9 21

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Background: Japanese rice cake (“mochi”) is a major cause of food-choking accidents in Japan. However, the epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) due to suffocation caused by rice cakes is poorly understood.Methods: OHCA data from 2005 to 2012 were obtained from the population-based OHCA registry in Osaka Prefecture. Patients aged ≥20 years who experienced OHCA caused by suffocation that occurred before the arrival of emergency-medical-service (EMS) personnel were included. Patient characteristics, prehospital interventions, and outcomes were compared based on the cause of suffocation (rice cake and non-rice-cake). The primary outcome was 1-month survival after OHCA.Results: In total, 46 911 adult OHCAs were observed during the study period. Of the OHCAs, 7.0% (3,294/46,911) were due to suffocation, with choking due to rice cake as the cause in 9.5% of cases (314/3,294), and of these, 24.5% (77/314) occurred during the first 3 days of the New Year. In crude analysis, 1-month survival was 17.2% (54/314) in those with suffocation caused by rice cake and 13.4% (400/2,980) in those with suffocation due to other causes. In the multivariable analysis for all-cause suffocation, younger age, arrest witnessed by bystanders, and earlier EMS response time were significantly related to better 1-month survival.Conclusion: Approximately 10% of OHCAs due to suffocation were caused by rice-cake choking, and 25% of these occurred during the first 3 days of the New Year. Further efforts for establishing preventive measures as well as improving the early recognition of choking and encouraging bystanders to call EMS sooner are needed.

著者

Naoki Kondo Takashi Mizutani Junko Minai Mari Kazama Hisashi Imai Yasuhisa Takeda Zentaro Yamagata

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.6, pp.219-227, 2005 (Released:2005-11-07)

参考文献数

68

被引用文献数

14 20

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BACKGROUND: Disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) data for 47 prefectures in Japan were reported in 1999; however, few studies have identified the factors associated with the length of the DFLE. The objective of this study was to elucidate the primary factors that explain differences in DFLEs in Japan.METHODS: In our ecological study, 47 prefectures in Japan were used as units of analysis. The DFLEs for men and women at 65 years of age (DFLE65), calculated by Hashimoto et al using Sullivan's method, were set as dependent variables. From various national surveys, 181 factors associated with demographics, socioeconomic status, health status and health behaviors, medical environment, social relationships, climate, and other areas were gathered as independent variables. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated to screen independent variables potentially associated with the DFLE65s. Then, multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted for the selected 24 independent variables after adjusting for the proportion of older people (65 years or more) and population density.RESULTS: Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that the large number of public health nurses per 100,000 population, a good self-reported health status, and a high proportion of older workers were significantly associated with long DFLE65s for both genders.CONCLUSIONS: These three factors could potentially explain the differences in DFLE of the older population in Japan.J Epidemiol 2005; 15:219-227.

著者

Hidenobu Takami Mariko Nakamoto Hirokazu Uemura Sakurako Katsuura Miwa Yamaguchi Mineyoshi Hiyoshi Fusakazu Sawachika Tomoya Juta Kokichi Arisawa

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.12-20, 2013-01-05 (Released:2013-01-05)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

58 82

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Background: It is unclear whether consumption of coffee and green tea is associated with metabolic syndrome.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 554 adults who had participated in the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Consumption of coffee and green tea was assessed using a questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity (JASSO). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between consumption of coffee and green tea and prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components.Results: After adjustment for sex, age, and other potential confounders, greater coffee consumption was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome, as defined by NCEP ATP III criteria (P for trend = 0.03). Participants who drank more coffee had a lower odds ratio (OR) for high serum triglycerides (P for trend = 0.02), but not for increased waist circumference or high blood pressure. Using JASSO criteria, moderate coffee consumption (1.5 to <3 cups/day) was associated with a significantly lower OR for high plasma glucose (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.28–0.93). Green tea consumption was not associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome or any of its components.Conclusions: Coffee consumption was inversely correlated with metabolic syndrome diagnosed using NCEP ATP III criteria, mainly because it was associated with lower serum triglyceride levels. This association highlights the need for further prospective studies of the causality of these relationships.

著者

Takashi Yorifuji Naomi Matsumoto Soshi Takao

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20200492, (Released:2020-10-31)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

11

著者

Yuko Kachi Tsuguhiko Kato Ichiro Kawachi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180216, (Released:2019-03-23)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

8

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Background: Accumulating evidence has shown that high-quality early childhood education and care may be an effective way of promoting children’s optimal health and development, especially for the most disadvantaged. However, socially disadvantaged families are less likely to enroll children in center-based childcare. In this study, we explored characteristics associated with use of center-based childcare among Japanese families.Methods: We used data from two Japanese birth cohorts in 2001 (n=17,019) and 2010 (n=24,333). Enrollment in center-based childcare was assessed at the ages of three and four years in the 2001 cohort and at the age of three in the 2010 cohort. Logistic regression analyses were conducted.Results: Children in the lowest quintile of household income were 1.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.20-1.98) times more likely to not receive center-based childcare than those in the highest-income quartile at the age of four in the 2001 cohort. Other socio-economic disadvantage (mother’s low education, non-Japanese parent, and higher number of siblings) and child’s health and developmental problems (preterm birth, congenital diseases, and developmental delay) were also associated with the non-use of center-based childcare at the age of three in the 2001 and 2010 cohorts.Conclusions: An inverse care law operates in the use of early childhood education, i.e. children with the least need enjoy the highest access. Children with socio-economic, health, and developmental disadvantages are at a greater risk of not receiving early childhood education and care. Social policies to promote equal access to early childhood education are needed to reduce future socio-economic inequalities.

著者

Takahiro Tabuchi Sho Fujihara Tomohiro Shinozaki Hiroyuki Fukuhara

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20170163, (Released:2018-05-19)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

11

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Background: Our objective in this study was to find determinants of high-school dropout in a deprived area of Japan using longitudinal data, including socio-demographic and junior high school-period information.Methods: We followed 695 students who graduated the junior high school located in a deprived area of Japan between 2002 and 2010 for 3 years after graduation (614 students: follow-up rate, 88.3%). Multivariable log-binomial regression models were used to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs) for high-school dropout, using multiple imputation (MI) to account for non-response at follow-up.Results: The MI model estimated that 18.7% of students dropped out of high school in approximately 3 years. In the covariates-adjusted model, three factors were significantly associated with high-school dropout: ≥10 days of tardy arrival in junior high school (PR 6.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.69–24.6 for “10–29 days of tardy arrival” and PR 8.01; 95% CI, 2.05–31.3 for “≥30 days of tardy arrival” compared with “0 day of tardy arrival”), daily smoking (PR 2.01; 95% CI, 1.41–2.86) and severe problems, such as abuse and neglect (PR 1.66; 95% CI, 1.16–2.39). Among students with ≥30 days of tardy arrival in addition to daily smoking or experience of severe problems, ≥50% high-school dropout rates were observed.Conclusions: Three determinants of high-school dropout were found: smoking, tardy arrival, and experience of severe problems. These factors were correlated and should be treated as warning signs of complex behavioral and academic problems. Parents, educators, and policy makers should work together to implement effective strategies to prevent school dropout.

著者

Takumi Imai Takayuki Hosoi Hiroshi Hagino Takanori Yamamoto Tatsuhiko Kuroda Hiroshi Watanabe Shiro Tanaka

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220099, (Released:2022-12-24)

参考文献数

22

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate incidence rates of femoral shaft fracture in patients who were treated with antiresorptive drugs.DesignCohort studyMethodsWe used data from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims of Japan from April 2009 and October 2016. All patients with new use of an antiresorptive drug, prescription-free period of ≥3 months, and no prior femoral fractures were included. Femoral shaft fractures were identified using a validated definition based on ICD-10 codes. Incidence rate ratios were estimated using Poisson regression with adjustment for sex, age, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index.ResultsWe identified 7,958,655 patients (women, 88.4%; age ≥75 years, 51.2%). Femoral shaft fractures were identified in 22,604 patients. Incidence rates per 100,000 person-years was 74.8 for women, 30.1 for men, 30.1 for patients aged ≤64 years, 47.7 for patients aged 65–74 years, and 99.0 for patients aged ≥75 years. Adjusted incidence rate ratios in patients taking versus not taking each type of antiresorptive drug were 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98–1.03) for bisphosphonates, 0.46 (95% CI, 0.44–0.48) for selective estrogen receptor modulators, 0.24 (95% CI, 0.18–0.32) for estrogens, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71–0.79) for calcitonins, and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.84–1.03) for denosumab. The adjusted incidence rate ratio for alendronate was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.14–1.22).ConclusionsThe incidence rates of femoral shaft fracture varied across patients treated with different antiresorptive drugs. Further research on a specific antiresorptive drug can increase understanding of the risk of femoral shaft fracture

著者

Masao Ichikawa Haruhiko Inada Kota Katanoda Shinji Nakahara

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220054, (Released:2022-08-13)

参考文献数

16

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Background: Since 2011, commercial truck drivers have been required to take alcohol breath tests at the beginning and end of their working hours due to their employers’ legal obligations. However, non-commercial truck drivers are not required to do so. We examined whether alcohol-related crashes had decreased after 2011 among commercial truck drivers.Methods: Using police data, we conducted a joinpoint regression analysis to examine the trend in the proportion of alcohol-related crashes from 1995 to 2020 caused by commercial truck drivers (who were subjected to alcohol breath testing) and non-commercial truck drivers (who were not subjected to testing). The annual percentage change in this trend was also estimated.Results: During the 26-year study period, truck drivers caused 1,846,321 at-fault crashes, and 0.4% of the crashes involved intoxicated driving. A significant decreasing trend in the proportion of alcohol-related crashes was identified among both commercial and non-commercial truck drivers in the 2000s, during which several legal amendments were made against drunk driving. The annual percentage change was –13.5% from 2001 to 2012 among commercial truck drivers, and –14.9% from 2001 to 2011 among non-commercial truck drivers. No decreasing trend was observed afterwards, despite the introduction of mandatory alcohol breath testing in 2011.Conclusions: The effect of mandatory alcohol breath testing on reducing alcohol-related crashes among commercial truck drivers was not evident.

著者

Satoshi Kutsuna Hiroyuki Ohbe Naoki Kanda Hiroki Matsui Hideo Yasunaga

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230178, (Released:2023-12-16)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Legionella pneumonia, a severe form of pneumonia, is caused by Legionella bacteria. The epidemiology of Legionnaires' disease in Japan, including seasonal trends, risk factors for severe disease, and fatality rates, is unclear. This study examined the epidemiology of Legionella pneumonia in Japan.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included data of adult patients hospitalized for Legionella pneumonia (identified using the ICD-10 code, A481) in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database, from April 2011 to March 2021. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis to explore the prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality.Results: Of 7370 enrolled hospitalized patients from 1140 hospitals (male, 84.4%; aged >50 years, 87.9%), 469 (6.4%) died during hospitalization. The number of hospitalized patients increased yearly, from 658 in 2016 to 975 in 2020. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that higher in-hospital mortality was associated with older age, male sex, lower body mass index, worsened level of consciousness, comorbidities (congestive heart failure, chronic renal diseases, and metastasis), hospitalization from November to May, and ambulance use. However, lower in-hospital mortality was associated with comorbidity (liver diseases), hospitalization after 2013, and hospitalization in hospitals with higher case volume.Conclusions: The characterized epidemiology of Legionella pneumonia in Japan revealed a high mortality rate of 6.4%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a higher mortality rate in winter and in patients with congestive heart failure and metastasis. Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay between the prognostic factors of Legionella pneumonia.

著者

Masao Ichikawa Haruhiko Inada Shinji Nakahara

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230217, (Released:2023-10-07)

参考文献数

31

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Background: In Japan, older drivers have been encouraged to surrender their driving licenses for traffic safety despite the potential adverse social and health outcomes of driving cessation. We reconsidered such policies and social pressure by comparing the risk of at-fault motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) across the age groups of drivers.Methods: Using the national data of police-reported MVCs that occurred between 2016 and 2020, we examined the number of at-fault MVCs per licensed driver (MVC rate) and the number of fatally and non-fatally injured persons per at-fault MVC by the sex and age groups of at-fault drivers.Results: The MVC rate of older drivers was higher than that of middle-aged drivers but lower than that of young drivers. The number of injured persons among the collided counterparts (collided car occupants, motorcyclists, bicyclists, and pedestrians) per MVC caused by older drivers was not greater than that by drivers in other age groups. In fatal MVCs caused by older drivers, drivers themselves or their passengers tend to be killed rather than their collided counterparts. Overall, the results were mostly consistent between male and female drivers.Conclusions: The risk of at-fault MVCs increased with the advancing age of drivers after middle age; however, this risk among older drivers did not exceed that among young drivers, without posing a high risk of injuries to their collided counterparts.

著者

Taiji Noguchi Takaaki Ikeda Takao Kanai Masashige Saito Katsunori Kondo Tami Saito

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230127, (Released:2023-09-09)

参考文献数

58

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Background: Per the biopsychosocial model, pain, especially chronic low back pain, which often presents with nonspecific pain, requires a comprehensive approach involving social factors. However, the association of social factors, including social isolation and loneliness, with this condition remains unclear. This study examined the cross-sectional association of social isolation and loneliness with chronic low back pain among older adults.Methods: We recruited functionally independent older adults through a mail survey in 2019 from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES). Chronic low back pain was defined as low back pain lasting more than three months. Social isolation was identified based on face-to-face and non-face-to-face interactions (“not isolated,” “isolated tendency,” and “isolated”). Loneliness was assessed using the UCLA Loneliness Scale (“not lonely,” “lonely tendency,” and “lonely”).Results: Consequently, 21,463 participants were analyzed (mean age: 74.4 years; 51.5% females); 12.6% reported chronic low back pain. Multivariable Poisson regression analysis revealed that loneliness was significantly associated with the likelihood of chronic low back pain; compared with “not lonely”, the prevalence ratio (PR) was 1.14 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.25) for “lonely tendency” and 1.40 (1.27–1.54) for “lonely.” Social isolation was not associated; compared with “not isolated,” the PR (95% CI) was 0.96 (0.88–1.05) for “isolated tendency” and 0.99 (0.89–1.10) for “isolated.” A positive multiplicative interaction between social isolation and loneliness for chronic low back pain was found.Conclusions: Lonelier individuals were more likely to experience chronic low back pain, and those with loneliness and social isolation were synergistically more likely for this condition.

著者

Mai Yamada Satoshi Sasaki Kentaro Murakami Yoshiko Takahashi Hitomi Okubo Naoko Hirota Akiko Notsu Hidemi Todoriki Ayako Miura Mitsuru Fukui Chigusa Date

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.119-127, 2010-03-05 (Released:2010-03-05)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

13 26

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Background: The Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan do not include information on trans fatty acids. Previous studies estimating trans fatty acid intake among Japanese have limitations regarding the databases utilized and diet assessment methodologies. We developed a comprehensive database of trans fatty acid food composition, and used this database to estimate intake among a Japanese population.Methods: The database was developed using analytic values from the literature and nutrient analysis software encompassing foods in the US, as well as values estimated from recipes or nutrient compositions. We collected 16-day diet records from 225 adults aged 30 to 69 years living in 4 areas of Japan. Trans fatty acid intake was estimated based on the database and the 16-day diet records.Results: Mean total fat and trans fatty acid intake was 56.9 g/day (27.7% total energy) and 1.7 g/day (0.8% total energy), respectively, for women and 66.8 g/day (25.5% total energy) and 1.7 g/day (0.7% total energy) for men. Trans fatty acid intake accounted for greater than 1% of total energy intake, which is the maximum recommended according to the World Health Organization, in 24.4% of women and 5.7% of men, and was particularly high among women living in urban areas and those aged 30–49 years. The largest contributors to trans fatty acid intake were confectionaries in women and fats and oils in men.Conclusions: Although mean trans fatty acid intake was below the maximum recommended intake of the World Health Organization, intake among subgroups was of concern. Further public health efforts to reduce trans fatty acid intake should be encouraged.

著者

Thomas Svensson Norie Sawada Masaru Mimura Shoko Nozaki Ryo Shikimoto Shoichiro Tsugane

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20210199, (Released:2021-12-18)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

2

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Background: The number of people with cognitive impairment, including dementia, in the world is steadily increasing. Although the consumption of isoflavones and soy is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, it might also be associated with cognitive impairment. The low number of studies investigating the association between soy/isoflavone intake and cognitive function warrant additional research.Methods: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective (JPHC) Study is a large population-based cohort. Midlife dietary intake of soy and the isoflavone genistein was assessed on two occasions: in the years 1995 and 2000. In 2014–2015, 1,299 participants from Nagano prefecture completed a mental health screening. Of these, a total of 1,036 participants were included in analyses. Logistic regression was used to determine Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for the association between midlife energy-adjusted genistein and soy food intake and cognitive impairment.Results: There were 392 cases of cognitive impairment (346 cases of MCI and 46 cases of dementia). Compared to the lowest dietary quartile of energy-adjusted genistein intake, the highest quartile was significantly associated with cognitive impairment (OR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.02–2.24; P for trend = 0.03) in the final multivariable analysis.Conclusion: High midlife intake of the isoflavone genistein is associated with late-life cognitive impairment.

著者

Rieko Kanehara Atsushi Goto Maki Goto Toshiaki Takahashi Motoki Iwasaki Mitsuhiko Noda Hikaru Ihira Shoichiro Tsugane Norie Sawada

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.4, pp.165-169, 2023-04-05 (Released:2023-04-05)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3

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Background: Validation studies of diabetes definitions using nationwide healthcare databases are scarce. We evaluated the validity of diabetes definitions using disease codes and antidiabetic drug prescriptions in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) data via medical chart review.Methods: We randomly selected 500 records among 15,334 patients who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study for the Next Generation in Yokote City and who had visited a general hospital in Akita between October 2011 and August 2018. Of the 500 patients, 98 were linked to DPC data; however, only 72 had sufficient information in the medical chart. Gold standard confirmation was performed by board-certified diabetologists. DPC-based diabetes definitions were based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes and antidiabetic prescriptions. Sensitivity, specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively) of DPC-based diabetes definitions were evaluated.Results: Of 72 patients, 23 were diagnosed with diabetes using chart review; 19 had a diabetes code, and 13 had both a diabetes code and antidiabetic prescriptions. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 89.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.9–98.7%), 96.2% (95% CI, 87.0–99.5%), 89.5% (95% CI, 66.9–98.7%), and 96.2% (95% CI, 87.0–99.5%), respectively, for (i) diabetes codes alone; 89.5% (95% CI, 66.9–98.7%), 94.3% (95% CI, 84.3–98.8%), 85.0% (95% CI, 62.1–96.8%), and 96.2% (95% CI, 86.8–99.5%) for (ii) diabetes codes and/or prescriptions; 68.4% (95% CI, 43.4–87.4%), 100% (95% CI, 93.3–100%), 100% (95% CI, 75.3–100%), and 89.8% (95% CI, 79.2–96.2%) for (iii) both diabetes codes and prescriptions.Conclusion: Our results suggest that DPC data can accurately identify diabetes among inpatients using (i) diabetes codes alone or (ii) diabetes codes and/or prescriptions.

著者

Jin Aoki Takashi Zaitsu Akiko Ohshiro Jun Aida

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220225, (Released:2023-01-14)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Psychological stress can cause various mental and physical health problems. The previous results on stress and oral health are inconsistent, possibly because of the narrow stress measurements. We aimed to examine the association between a broader range of stressful life events and oral health among workers.Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed anonymous individual data from a national survey in Japan. Data on stressful life events, oral health problems which are one or more of tooth pain, gum swelling/bleeding, and difficulty chewing, and covariates were obtained using a self-reported questionnaire. Covariates used were gender, age group, disease under treatment, etc. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between stressful life events and oral health problems. We then estimated the causal treatment effects of stress using the augmented inverse-probability weighting (AIPW) method.Results: Among the 274,881 subjects, 152,850 men (55.6%) and 122,031 women (44.4%) with a mean age of 47.0 (SD=14.4), 4.0% reported oral health problems, with a prevalence of 2.1% among those without any stress. The prevalence increased with stress score, reaching 15.4% for those with the maximum stress score. The adjusted odds ratio of this group compared to those without any stress was 9.2 (95% confidence interval (CI)=8.2–10.3)). The estimated prevalence of oral health problems by the AIPW analysis was 2.2% (95%CI, 2.1–2.3) for those without any stress and 14.4% (95%CI, 12.1–16.7) for those with the maximum stress scores.Conclusion: There was a clear dose-response association between stressful life events and oral health problems.

著者

Akiko Shibata Shigehira Saji Kenji Kamiya Seiji Yasumura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.12, pp.653-659, 2021-12-05 (Released:2021-12-05)

参考文献数

14

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Background: Cancer incidence in Fukushima Prefecture, especially thyroid cancer, has been a public concern, since the Tokyo Electric Power Company Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plants accident following the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011; however, cancer incidence for Fukushima residents before and after the accident based on a population-based cancer registry (PBCR) has not been known worldwide.Methods: We obtained the corrected-incidence data for invasive cancers newly diagnosed from 2008 through 2015 from the Fukushima Cancer Registry. We checked data quality indicators for PBCRs to confirm comparability. We calculated age-standardized annual incidence and mortality of cancer for all-site, thyroid, and leukemia by calendar year and sex, as we did for Tochigi Prefecture and all of Japan as references for comparison. We applied joinpoint trend analysis to test an apparent trend in incidence and mortality.Results: The corrected incidence data from the Fukushima Cancer Registry had sufficient quality comparable to other PBCRs. For the age-standardized annual incidence by sex and cancer type in Fukushima and Tochigi, we did not detect any joinpoint in trend with statistical significance. Cancer incidence gently increased from 2008 through 2015 nationwide. Incidence and mortality of cancer for Fukushima before the accident was very close to that for Tochigi.Conclusions: We interpreted the incidence statistics of cancer for Fukushima residents from 2008 through 2015. Our results will provide fundamental statistics for subsequent researchers to assess the relationship between the disaster and cancer incidence among Fukushima residents in the long term.

著者

Shoko Tomooka Emi Oishi Masako Asada Satoko Sakata Jun Hata Sanmei Chen Takanori Honda Kosuke Suzuki Hiroshi Watanabe Norihito Murayama Naohisa Wada Takanari Kitazono Toshiharu Ninomiya

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220232, (Released:2022-12-24)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1

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Background: The association between chronic lipopolysaccharide exposure and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is unclear. In this study we examined the association between serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) levels, an indicator of lipopolysaccharide exposure, and the development of MetS in a general Japanese population.Methods: 1,869 community-dwelling Japanese individuals aged ≥40 years without MetS at baseline examination in 2002–2003 were followed up by repeated examination in 2007–2008. MetS was defined according to the Japanese criteria. Serum LBP levels were classified into quartiles (quartiles 1–4: 2.20–9.56, 9.57–10.78, 10.79–12.18, and 12.19–24.34 μg/mL, respectively). Odds ratios (ORs) for developing MetS were calculated using a logistic regression model.Results: At the follow-up survey, 159 participants had developed MetS. Higher serum LBP levels were associated with greater risk of developing MetS after multivariable adjustment for age, sex, smoking, drinking, and exercise habits (OR [95% confidence interval] for quartiles 1–4: 1.00 [reference], 2.92 [1.59–5.37], 3.48 [1.91–6.35], and 3.86 [2.12–7.03], respectively; P for trend <0.001). After additional adjustment for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, this association was attenuated but remained significant (P for trend=0.007). On the other hand, no significant association was observed after additional adjustment for serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P for trend=0.07).Conclusions: In the general Japanese population, our findings suggest that higher serum LBP levels are associated with elevated risk of developing MetS. Low-grade endotoxemia could play a role in the development of MetS through systemic chronic inflammation and insulin resistance.

著者

Tetsuya Ohira Hironori Nakano Kanako Okazaki Fumikazu Hayashi Masanori Nagao Akira Sakai Mitsuaki Hosoya Michio Shimabukuro Atsushi Takahashi Junichiro J. Kazama Shigeatsu Hashimoto Yukihiko Kawasaki Hiroaki Satoh Gen Kobashi Seiji Yasumura Hitoshi Ohto Kenji Kamiya

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.Supplement_XII, pp.S36-S46, 2022-12-05 (Released:2022-12-05)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

10

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Residents were forced to evacuate owing to the radiation released after the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident following the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11/03/2021; thus, their lifestyles drastically changed. The Comprehensive Health Check (CHC) of the Fukushima Health Management Survey (FHMS) was performed to evaluate health statuses and prevent lifestyle-related diseases in evacuation area residents. The first part of the CHC survey is a retrospective analysis of pre- and post-disaster data on health check-ups of evacuation area residents. The second part is a cross-sectional, prospective analysis of post-disaster (fiscal year (FY) 2011–2017) data on health check-ups. Subjects were men and women living in 13 municipalities in areas surrounding the NPP in Fukushima Prefecture. Post-disaster (FY 2011–2012) overweight, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, liver dysfunction, hyperuricemia, polycythemia and atrial fibrillation cases increased from the pre-disaster (FY 2008–2010) levels. This tendency was strongest among residents who were forced to evacuate. Proportion of overweight people remained unchanged, the prevalence of liver dysfunction decreased and the proportion of people with treated hypertension and dyslipidemia increased during FY 2011–2017. Meanwhile, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and mean levels of HbA1c increased. Furthermore, Evacuees showed higher risks of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney diseases and liver dysfunction than non-evacuees. Therefore, residents in the evacuation area, especially evacuees, are at high risk of developing lifestyle-related diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases; therefore, it is necessary to observe health statuses and implement measures to prevent lifestyle-related diseases.