著者

Orikasa Yuki Masese Titus Koyama Yukinori Mori Takuya Hattori Masashi Yamamoto Kentaro Okado Tetsuya Huang Zhen-Dong Minato Taketoshi Tassel Cédric Kim Jungeun Kobayashi Yoji Abe Takeshi Kageyama Hiroshi Uchimoto Yoshiharu

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, 2014-07-11

被引用文献数

287

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高エネルギー密度・高安全性・低コスト二次電池の開発に成功 -リチウムからマグネシウム金属へ-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-07-11.

著者

Yamaguchi Asako Isozaki Katsuhiro Nakamura Masaharu Takaya Hikaru Watanabe Takashi

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, 2016-02-23

被引用文献数

23

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天然リグニンに配列依存的に結合するペプチドを発見 -植物バイオマスの変換利用に期待-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2016-04-11.

著者

Yuki Atsumu Otsuka Rei Kozakai Rumi Kitamura Itsuko Okura Tomohiro Ando Fujiko Shimokata Hiroshi

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.1818, 2013-05

被引用文献数

51 7

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We assessed longitudinal relationships between baseline testosterone and muscle mass changes in Japanese men. Data were collected from community-dwelling 957 adult men who participated in a longitudinal study of ageing biennially from 1997–2010. Appendicular muscle mass (AMM) was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and follow-up examinations. The cut-off point of sarcopenia was defined as a skeletal muscle index (AMM/height2) < 6.87 kg/m2. Total testosterone (TT) and free testosterone (FT) were measured with a radioimmunoassay. The calculated FT (cFT) was determined with a formula using albumin, TT, and sex hormone-binding globulin levels. We analyzed 4,187 or 2,010 cumulative data points using generalized estimating equations. Low TT was not associated with sarcopenia. Low cFT (odds ratio = 2.14, 95% confidence interval: 1.06–4.33) and FT (odds ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence interval: 1.04–3.22) were associated with sarcopenia. Low FT may be a predictor of risk for muscle loss in Japanese men.

著者

Honjo Tasuku Nagaoka Hitoshi Tran Thinh Huy Nakata Mikiyo Suzuki Keiichiro Begum Nasim A Shinkura Reiko Fagarasan Sidonia

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Nature Immunology (ISSN:15292908)

巻号頁・発行日

2009-12-06

被引用文献数

107

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ゲノムに抗体の記憶を刻むAID蛋白質遺伝子(Aicda)の発現制御機構-何故非Bリンパ球にAIDが発現し、癌化が起こり得るのか-を解明しました. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2009-12-07. http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ja/news_data/h/h1/news6/2009/091207_1.htmActivation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is essential for the generation of antibody memory but also targets oncogenes, among other genes. We investigated the transcriptional regulation of Aicda (which encodes AID) in class switch–inducible CH12F3-2 cells and found that Aicda regulation involved derepression by several layers of positive regulatory elements in addition to the 5′ promoter region. The 5′ upstream region contained functional motifs for the response to signaling by cytokines, the ligand for the costimulatory molecule CD40 or stimuli that activated the transcription factor NF-κB. The first intron contained functional binding elements for the ubiquitous silencers c-Myb and E2f and for the B cell–specific activator Pax5 and E-box-binding proteins. Our results show that Aicda is regulated by the balance between B cell–specific and stimulation-responsive elements and ubiquitous silencers.

著者

Mashimo Tomoji Kaneko Takehito Sakuma Tetsushi Kobayashi Junya Kunihiro Yayoi Voigt Birger Yamamoto Takashi Serikawa Tadao

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific Reports

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, 2013-02-13

被引用文献数

71

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TALエフェクターヌクレアーゼ(TALEN)を用いた効率的な遺伝子改変ラットの作製技術. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-02-13.

著者

Iida Atsuo Nishimaki Toshiyuki Sehara-Fujisawa Atsuko

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, 2015-01-19

被引用文献数

16

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魚類が「胎生」になるために獲得した仕組みの一端を解明 京都大学プレスリリース. 2015-01-20.

著者

Tanaka Yukari Fukushima Hirokata Okanoya Kazuo Myowa-Yamakoshi Masako

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, 2014-10-17

被引用文献数

4

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「子どもが育つ、親も育つ」-養育経験が脳の働きに与える影響-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-10-20.

著者

Kishimoto Takeshi Ando Juko Tatara Seiki Yamada Nobuhiro Konishi Katsuya Kimura Natsuko Fukumori Akira Tomonaga Masaki

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, 2014-09-09

被引用文献数

7

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2歳のふたごチンパンジーに対して、母親以外のおとなも世話行動. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-09-12.

著者

Watanabe Kei Funahashi Shintaro

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Nature neuroscience (ISSN:00280836)

巻号頁・発行日

2014-03-02

被引用文献数

156

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二つのことを同時にしようとすると、どちらも中途半端になる脳の仕組みを解明. 京都大学プレスりリース. 2014-03-03.

著者

Ikeda Hiroshi Nishikawa Masaaki Sota Teiji

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Nature Communications (ISSN:20411723)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.648, 2012-01-31

被引用文献数

107

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甲虫の種多様化要因の新説~飛翔能力の退化が種分化を促進. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2012-02-01.

著者

Nakagawa Masato Taniguchi Yukimasa Senda Sho Takizawa Nanako Ichisaka Tomoko Asano Kanako Morizane Asuka Doi Daisuke Takahashi Jun Nishizawa Masatoshi Yoshida Yoshinori Toyoda Taro Osafune Kenji Sekiguchi Kiyotoshi Yamanaka Shinya

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific Reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, 2014-01-08

被引用文献数

481

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細胞移植に適した新しいヒトiPS細胞の樹立・維持培養法を確立. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-01-08.

著者

Shinohara Masanobu Io Katsuhiro Shindo Keisuke Matsui Masashi Sakamoto Takashi Tada Kohei Kobayashi Masayuki Kadowaki Norimitsu Takaori-Kondo Akifumi

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific Reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, 2012-11-13

被引用文献数

86

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新規発癌遺伝子アポベック3による新たな発癌機構. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2012-11-14.

著者

Hasegawa Eisuke Ishii Yasunori Tada Koichiro Kobayashi Kazuya Yoshimura Jin

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific Reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.20846, 2016

被引用文献数

41

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Optimality theory predicts the maximization of productivity in social insect colonies, but many inactive workers are found in ant colonies. Indeed, the low short-term productivity of ant colonies is often the consequence of high variation among workers in the threshold to respond to task-related stimuli. Why is such an inefficient strategy among colonies maintained by natural selection? Here, we show that inactive workers are necessary for the long-term sustainability of a colony. Our simulation shows that colonies with variable thresholds persist longer than those with invariable thresholds because inactive workers perform the critical function of replacing active workers when they become fatigued. Evidence of the replacement of active workers by inactive workers has been found in ant colonies. Thus, the presence of inactive workers increases the long-term persistence of the colony at the expense of decreasing short-term productivity. Inactive workers may represent a bet-hedging strategy in response to environmental stochasticity.

著者

Rajesh P. Sellaiyan S. Uedono A. Arun T. Joseyphus R. Justin セライヤン セルバクマー 上殿 明良

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, 2018-06

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Equiatomic flower-like FeCo magnetic nanoparticles are synthesized through a modified one-pot polyol technique. The as-prepared samples are annealed at 700 and 800 °C under reducing atmosphere. The saturation magnetization and coercivity of the flower-like FeCo are found to be 198 (1) emu/g and 243 (10) Oe respectively. The magnetic properties of FeCo approach the bulk behavior with annealing. Positron lifetime studies on the chemically synthesized equiatomic FeCo magnetic nanoparticles with flower-like morphology are reported and compared with Fe, Co and FeCo annealed at various temperatures. The FeCo is characterized by different lifetime components corresponding to positron annihilation events in vacancies and various open volume defects due to their unique morphology. The studies suggest defects arising out of cluster vacancies and interpetal gap that reduce on annealing. The average pore size obtained from positron annihilation studies closely matches with the interpetal distance obtained from the electron microscopic analysis for the flower-like FeCo.

著者

Nakaya Kazuhiro White William T. Ho Hsuan-Ching

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.12280, 2020-07-23

被引用文献数

11

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Two modes of oviparity are known in cartilaginous fishes, (1) single oviparity where one egg case is retained in an oviduct for a short period and then deposited, quickly followed by another egg case, and (2) multiple oviparity where multiple egg cases are retained in an oviduct for a substantial period and deposited later when the embryo has developed to a large size in each case. Sarawak swellshark Cephaloscyllium sarawakensis of the family Scyliorhinidae from the South China Sea performs a new mode of oviparity, which is named "sustained single oviparity", characterized by a lengthy retention of a single egg case in an oviduct until the embryo attains a sizable length. The resulting fecundity of the Sarawak swellshark within a season is quite low, but this disadvantage is balanced by smaller body, larger neonates and quicker maturation. The Sarawak swellshark is further uniquely characterized by having glassy transparent egg cases, and this is correlated with a vivid polka-dot pattern of the embryos. Five modes of lecithotrophic (yolk-dependent) reproduction, i.e. short single oviparity, sustained single oviparity, multiple oviparity, yolk-sac viviparity of single pregnancy and yolk-sac viviparity of multiple pregnancy were discussed from an evolutionary point of view.

著者

Miyawaki Shingo Kawamura Yoshimi Oiwa Yuki Shimizu Atsushi Hachiya Tsuyoshi Bono Hidemasa Koya Ikuko Okada Yohei Kimura Tokuhiro Tsuchiya Yoshihiro Suzuki Sadafumi Onishi Nobuyuki Kuzumaki Naoko Matsuzaki Yumi Narita Minoru Ikeda Eiji Okanoya Kazuo Seino Ken-ichiro Saya Hideyuki Okano Hideyuki Miura Kyoko

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Nature communications (ISSN:20411723)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, 2016-05-10

著者

Yamazaki Yohei Meirelles Pedro Milet Mino Sayaka Suda Wataru Oshima Kenshiro Hattori Masahira Thompson Fabiano L. Sakai Yuichi Sawabe Toko Sawabe Tomoo

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, 2016-02-25

被引用文献数

73

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Gut microbiome shapes various aspects of a host's physiology, but these functions in aquatic animal hosts have yet to be fully investigated. The sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka is one such example. The large growth gap in their body size has delayed the development of intensive aquaculture, nevertheless the species is in urgent need of conservation. To understand possible contributions of the gut microbiome to its host's growth, individual fecal microbiome comparisons were performed. High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing revealed significantly different microbiota in larger and smaller individuals; Rhodobacterales in particular was the most significantly abundant bacterial group in the larger specimens. Further shotgun metagenome of representative samples revealed a significant abundance of microbiome retaining polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) metabolism genes in the largest individual. The PHB metabolism reads were potentially derived from Rhodobacterales. These results imply a possible link between microbial PHB producers and potential growth promotion in Deuterostomia marine invertebrates.

著者

Miura Akira Rosero-Navarro Nataly Carolina Sakuda Atsushi Tadanaga Kiyoharu Phuc Nguyen H. H. Matsuda Atsunori Machida Nobuya Hayashi Akitoshi Tatsumisago Masahiro

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Nature Reviews Chemistry (ISSN:23973358)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3, pp.189-198, 2019-02-19

被引用文献数

238

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Solid sulfide electrolytes are key materials in all-solid-state lithium batteries because of their high lithium-ion conductivity and deformability, which enable the lithium-ion path to be connected between the material’s grain boundaries under pressure near room temperature. However, sulfur species are moisture-sensitive and exhibit high vapour pressures; therefore, syntheses of sulfide electrolytes need to be carefully designed. Liquid-phase reactions can be performed at low temperatures in controlled atmospheres, opening up the prospect of scalable processes for the preparation of sulfide electrolytes. Here, we review liquid-phase syntheses for the preparation of sulfide-based solid electrolytes and composites of electrolytes and electrodes, and we compare the charge–discharge performances of the all-solid-state lithium batteries using these components.

著者

Yoshimi R. Tsukazaki A. Kozuka Y. Falson J. Takahashi K. S. Checkelsky J. G. Nagaosa N. Kawasaki M. Tokura Y.

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Nature communications (ISSN:20411723)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, 2015-04-14

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The three-dimensional topological insulator is a novel state of matter characterized by two-dimensional metallic Dirac states on its surface. To verify the topological nature of the surface states, Bi-based chalcogenides such as Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3 and their combined/mixed compounds have been intensively studied. Here, we report the realization of the quantum Hall effect on the surface Dirac states in (Bi1−xSbx)2Te3 films. With electrostatic gate-tuning of the Fermi level in the bulk band gap under magnetic fields, the quantum Hall states with filling factor ±1 are resolved. Furthermore, the appearance of a quantum Hall plateau at filling factor zero reflects a pseudo-spin Hall insulator state when the Fermi level is tuned in between the energy levels of the non-degenerate top and bottom surface Dirac points. The observation of the quantum Hall effect in three-dimensional topological insulator films may pave a way toward topological insulator-based electronics.UTokyo Research掲載「トポロジカル絶縁体の表面ディラック状態の量子化を実証」 URI: http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/utokyo-research/research-news/observation-of-quantization-in-surface-dirac-states-of-topological-insulator.html

著者

Iwami Shingo Sato Kei Morita Satoru Inaba Hisashi Kobayashi Tomoko Takeuchi Junko S. Kimura Yuichi Misawa Naoko Ren Fengrong Iwasa Yoh Aihara Kazuyuki Koyanagi Yoshio

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific Reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, 2015-07-17

被引用文献数

14

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Among the four groups of HIV-1 (M ,N, O, and P), HIV-1M alone is pandemic and has rapidly expanded across the world. However, why HIV-1M has caused a devastating pandemic while the other groups remain contained is unclear. Interestingly, only HIV-1M Vpu, a viral protein, can robustly counteract human tetherin, which tethers budding virions. Therefore, we hypothesize that this property of HIV-1M Vpu facilitates human-to-human viral transmission. Adopting a multilayered experimental-mathematical approach, we demonstrate that HIV-1M Vpu confers a 2.38-fold increase in the prevalence of HIV-1 transmission. When Vpu activity is lost, protected human populations emerge (i.e., intrinsic herd immunity develops) through the anti-viral effect of tetherin. We also reveal that all Vpus of transmitted/founder HIV-1M viruses maintain anti-tetherin activity. These findings indicate that tetherin plays the role of a host restriction factor, providing 'intrinsic herd immunity', whereas Vpu has evolved in HIV-1M as a tetherin antagonist.