著者

Kotaro OZAKI Kanto NISHIKAWA

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.2, pp.162-170, 2023 (Released:2023-08-30)

参考文献数

18

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The Japanese fire-belly newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster, is a near threatened species that is conservation dependent. Here, we examine feeding habits across the year within a genetically divergent intraspecific lineages of this species (the Central Lineage) to provide information to support future in-situ and ex-situ conservation activities. Stomach contents from newts were collected in a paddy field habitat, Kyoto City, central Honshu, Japan for two consecutive years. Throughout the year, dipteran aquatic larvae were the most important food source both for males and females, although terrestrial invertebrates were also important prey for the newts. During periods of low prey availability shed skin could also be a relatively valuable source of food. Sympatric frogs and newts appear to target different prey and this may facilitate their co-existence. Our study provides new information on suitable prey items for the Central Lineage of C. pyrrhogaster both in its natural habitat and in captivity.

著者

Shintaro TANABE Eiiti KASUYA Takahisa MIYATAKE

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.14-22, 2019 (Released:2019-02-28)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

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The traits of many animal species exhibit individual and sexual differences. Individuals repeatedly receiving a stimulus without harm become habituated to it. However, few studies have been conducted on individual and sexual differences in the process of habituation to unfamiliar food stimuli. Therefore, we hypothesized that individual differences or sexual differences would be observed in reaction to an in-lab food-stimuli presentation of potential prey items (after that “food stimuli”). We tested the hypothesis using the Japanese tree frog Hyla japonica, and conducted statistical analyses of these results. A generalized linear model (GLM) showed individual and sexual differences in time to get used to the food stimuli. Females habituated more rapidly to food stimuli than males. The difference between sexes is discussed in view of two ultimate and one proximate reasons.

著者

Masafumi MATSUI Hiroshi OKAWA Kanto NISHIKAWA Gen AOKI Koshiro ETO Natsuhiko YOSHIKAWA Shingo TANABE Yasuchika MISAWA Atsushi TOMINAGA

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.32-90, 2019 (Released:2019-02-28)

参考文献数

81

被引用文献数

23

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The abundant clouded salamander from western Japan, Hynobius nebulosus, has long been considered a single widespread species, although some authors have suggested the inclusion of several cryptic species. This led to a molecular and morphological analysis of populations from all parts of the known range. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred from complete sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, and nuclear genome differentiations were estimated by multiplexed inter simple sequence repeat genotyping by sequencing (MIG-seq). The results suggest that H. nebulosus hitherto recognized consists of at least nine species. We applied existing names to two of them, H. nebulosus (Temminck et Schlegel) and H. vandenburghi Dunn, and described seven others as new species.

著者

KOJI TANAKA AKIRA MORI

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.97-111, 2000 (Released:2009-03-27)

参考文献数

234

被引用文献数

13

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Characteristic defensive behaviors of snakes and their ecological and morphological correlates have been well documented. Biological interpretations of these characteristics, however, often suffer from a paucity of information on actual predators of snakes. Concerning natural predators of Japanese snakes, neither quantitative data nor a systematic review are available. Here, we review and synthesize the published accounts of predators of snakes in Japan. We confirmed 59 species/subspecies of predators and 21 species of prey snakes. We hope that this review will stimulate biologists and naturalists to record further predatory events on snakes and help clarify the defensive mechanisms of snakes.

著者

Yukio ICHIOKA Naoki HIJII

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.129-136, 2021 (Released:2021-08-30)

参考文献数

25

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We examined predation of the forest green tree frog, Zhangixalus arboreus, as part of a two-year monitoring study of the frog’s reproductive processes at four ponds in central Japan, performed by using field censuses and sensor cameras. During the period, we confirmed predation against arboreal foam nests by the common raccoon, Procyon lotor. We also found a carcass of a female adult frog with eggs and bitten ground foam nests, the signs of which were strongly suspected to indicate predation by raccoons. These results imply that invasion of Japanese forest areas by alien raccoons is becoming an increasingly serious threat to Z. arboreus through predation at various life stages of the frog. At this study site, however, the demographics of both the raccoon and Z. arboreus have not yet been examined. We need more field data to assess the long-term effects of predation pressure on the frog.

著者

深田 祝

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

爬虫両棲類学雑誌 (ISSN:02853191)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.25-32, 1985

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1958年5月から1969年10月の間に野外に於て,シマヘビ1434匹の体温を測定した。これらのデータを分析して次のことが判った。平均体温(28.7℃)は気温よりむしろ地温との相関が強かった。月別の平均体温をみると,3月(25.4℃)から6月(30.7℃)に向け漸次上昇し,6月から9月(30.7℃)までは8月(31.7℃)がやや高い外は有意差はない,そうして10月(27.7℃),11月(23.0℃)と下降する。各月の最高体温をみると4月(35.6℃)から10月(34,4℃)迄は,10月がやや低いほかは36℃内外を保っている。雌の体温(29.2℃)は雄(28.2)より有意に高い。また,胃に食餌を含有する蛇の体温(29.2℃)は胃が空の蛇(28.6℃)より有意に高からた。また,体温と地温の差および地温と気温の差の分布状態からシマヘビの体温調節について論じた。

著者

Dai SUZUKI Toshiaki KAWASE Takashi HOSHINA Tatsuhiro TOKUDA

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.47-54, 2020 (Released:2020-02-26)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2

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The Eastern-Japanese common toad, Bufo japonicus formosus, is distributed from southern Hokkaido to Kinki district of northeastern Honshu, Japan. However, Hokkaido populations are suspected to be nonnative and derived from relatively recent artificial introduction from Honshu. To clarify the origin of Hokkaido populations, we analyzed sequence variations of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene in the toads from Hokkaido and compared the sequence data from previous studies. We obtained ten haplotypes from six sites on Hokkaido. Samples from the sites located along Ishikari river system, Asahikawa, Ebetsu, and Ishikari cities, had six haplotypes. Only one haplotype was obtained in Sapporo city and it was genetically far from Ishikari river’s ones. Hakodate and Muroran cities samples had one and two haplotypes, respectively. All ten haplotypes from Hokkaido were genetically identical or close to haplotype data from Kanto district or Shizuoka Prefecture, mid-eastern Honshu, far from Hokkaido. Therefore, the toad populations of Hokkaido were considered to be nonnative and multiple introductions from eastern Honshu to Hokkaido were implied.

著者

MORIYA FUKASHI MORIYA KATORI

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.173-176, 2011

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The seacoast of Isumi City, Chiba Prefecture, Japan, is one of the northernmost nesting sites of loggerhead sea turtle <i>Carettta caretta</i> in the North Pacific. We observed nesting and hatching events of this species and investigated for asynchronous emergence of hatchlings from 2008 to 2010. In 2008, hatchlings emerged from all nests from July to September, but in 2009 and 2010, most clutches laid in August failed to hatch probably due to low ambient temperature resulting from low atmospheric temperature with insufficient sunshine. In one nest constructed in early July of 2010, hatchling emergence started in early September and completed in late September, 18 days after initial emergence. This extends the previous maximum records of duration of emergence from a single nest by 13 days.<br>

著者

Atsushi TOMINAGA V. Benno MEYER-ROCHOW Taku OKAMOTO Takeo KURIYAMA Kanto NISHIKAWA Masafumi MATSUI

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.64-68, 2016 (Released:2016-02-26)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2

---

Using mitochondrial DNA sequences, we surveyed genetic features of 12 individuals of Cynops pyrrhogaster introduced into Hachijojima Island, in order to estimate their possible origin in the main islands of Japan. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 12 examined newts of the introduced population display no genetic diversity and share characteristics with the conspecific population of Shikoku and thus belong to the WESTERN Clade proposed by earlier studies. Our results suggest that the Hachijojima population, having experienced a drastic founder effect, stems from very few individuals from the Shikoku District approximately 650 km to the west.

著者

Yuki OKADA Takashi YABE Sen-Ichi ODA

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.53-61, 2011 (Released:2011-07-01)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

3

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We investigated sex ratio in seven populations of the Japanese pond turtle, Mauremys japonica, inhabiting ponds in the central region of Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The sex ratio, calculated as a numerical proportion (%) of males to total individuals sexed, was highly variable among the populations, ranging from no more than 20.0% to no less than 92.9%. Since M. japonica shows a temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) with eggs producing more males under a relatively low incubation temperature and more females under a higher temperature, we hypothesized that the observed remarkable inter-population variation in sex ratio reflects that in the nest temperature. Our field observations indicated that the nesting sites of male-biased populations were largely shaded by wood, thus supposedly under a relatively low ambient temperature, while those of female-biased populations were located in open environments with direct exposure to solar heat. These results offer a circumstantial support to the above hypothesis. Remarkably skewed sex ratios observed in some populations might reflect the effect of substantial habitat fragmentation and severe nesting site limitation caused by recent artificial land development and changes in agricultural land use. If this is actually the case and the effect continues to operate, many of the M. japonica populations may eventually disappear.

著者

FRANCO ANDREONE DANTÉ B. FENOLIO MARK E. WALVOORD

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.91-100, 2003 (Released:2009-03-27)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

4

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Two new arboreal microhylid frogs are described from the rainforests of northeastern Madagascar. Platypelis tetra is a very small frog, reaching about 20mm SVL, and inhabits phytotelms in screw Pandanus pines. It was found in some low and mid-altitude rainforests, such as Anjanaharibe-Sud, Besariaka, Tsararano, and Masoala Peninsula. This species diverges from the other Platypelis by its small size and colouration, with a series of whitish spots on the back, of which four are more evident. Furthermore, its advertisement call is composed by a long series of discrete notes at about 3.5-4KHz of frequency, and a repetition rate of about 3.0 notes/s. The second species, Platypelis mavomavo, reaches a larger size (about 30mm SVL), and is characterized by a yellowish colouration of the ventral surface, and a dorsal surface with a network of dark spots on a beige-yellow background. It is currently known from Anjanaharibe-Sud and Ambolokopatrika, around the Andapa water-basin, but is expected to have a wider distribution.

著者

亀崎 直樹 服部 正策 鈴木 博

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

爬虫両棲類学会報 (ISSN:13455826)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2001, no.1, pp.16-17, 2001

著者

AKIRA MORI KOJI TANAKA

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.39-49, 2001 (Released:2009-03-27)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

2

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Innate responses to prey chemicals, antipredator responses, and prey-handling behavior of a Madagascan colubrid snake, Leioheterodon madagascariensis, were experimentally examined. In a chemical test, ingestively naive hatchlings flicked their tongues frequently to the chemicals prepared from the animal taxa included in their natural diets, suggesting the presence of innate chemical prey preference. In a second test, three different types of stimuli were presented to elicit antipredator responses of the hatchlings. In a nonmoving stimulus session, only a single snake struck and exhibited characteristic displays such as body flattening, neck flattening, head elevation, and jerk. In a moving stimulus session, either no specific responses or a simple flight response was exhibited. In a tactile stimulus session, the above characteristic displays were frequently exhibited. Among these, lateral neck tilting posture accompanying head elevation and neck flattening was unique to L. madagascariensis. In a third test, five types of prey animals were offered to juveniles to examine the effects of prey size and type on prey-handling behavior, but no such effects were detected. Direction of ingestion seemed to depend on initial bite position. Constricting behavior was observed only in a single trial. All but one prey were swallowed alive. This inflexibility of prey-handling methods in the juvenile snakes may reflect the characteristics of generalist feeders, which require ontogenetic experiences to handle prey efficiently. Although L. madagascariensis is considered to have well-developed Duvernoy's glands with enlarged, posterior maxillary teeth, the gland secretion did not seem to cause rapid death of prey.

著者

Makoto M. ITOH

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.2, pp.135-141, 2017 (Released:2017-08-25)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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In most frogs, males emit calls in the reproductive seasons, whereas females usually do not emit calls. Females of only several frog species have been known to vocalize. I here report female vocalization in two ranid species, Pelophylax nigromaculatus and P. porosus brevipodus in their overlapping reproductive season. Females of these species called in both intraspecific and interspecific interactions. There were no clear differences in acoustic characteristics of female calls between the two species or between interspecific and intraspecific interactions. Based on the situations in which females called, it is implied that functions of the female calls of P. nigromaculatus and P. p. brevipodus are quite different from those of female calls in frogs hitherto reported.

著者

佐藤 眞一 倉本 満 小野 勇一

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

爬虫両棲類学雑誌 (ISSN:02853191)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.4, pp.119-125, 1994

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九州の21地点から採集したブチサンショウウオ108個体の斑紋と体の大きさを比較した結果,地理的に隔てられた3型が区別された.九州北部に分布する北九州型は頭胴の背面に白斑をもたない.大分の中九州型と祖母山地以南の南九州型では白斑がよく発達しているが,前者は大形,後者は小形である.北九州型は中九州型に比して相対的に四肢が短く頭幅は大きい.これらの3タイプは系統的に異なり,九州の地史と関連して分化したものと考えられる.

著者

アルメイダ-サントス S.M. サロマノ M.G.

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

爬虫両棲類学雑誌 (ISSN:02853191)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.46-52, 1997

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ガラガラヘビ<i>Crotalus durissus terrificus</i>の子宮にみられる回旋と筋肉収縮を,冬を越えて精子を貯蔵する(長期精子貯蔵)ための戦略として報告した.交尾期(秋季),濾胞の大きさ(5-30mm),排卵の時期(春季),妊娠期間(4-5ヵ月)など,雌の繁殖周期について述べた.雌の子宮には,交尾後すぐに形態学的,生理学的変化が観察された.この状態は1季節(冬季)続くだけで,排卵後に子宮に弛緩し,精子が卵管をさかのぼる.生殖管の解剖形態を記述し,温帯産の近縁種プレーリーガラガラヘビとの関連で,語句の用法について論議した.交尾期にはまだ受精の準備ができていない卵黄形成後の濾胞を,無駄にしないような生理学的過程の重要性を仮定すると,この種では繁殖に関する出来事が時間的に同調しないため,長期精子貯蔵をせざるを得ないと考えられる.

著者

仲地 明

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

爬虫両棲類学雑誌 (ISSN:02853191)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.3, pp.124-128, 1992

被引用文献数

1

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2群のタイワンスジオの孵化幼蛇を異なった餌条件下で1年間飼育した.A群(15個体)には初回の脱皮終了後より給餌し,B群(14個体)は孵化から2ヵ月間飢餓状態においた後に給餌を開始した.絶食期におけるB群の体重の減少は2.99%/週であった.B群の絶食期間中にA群は捕食・成長し頭胴長および体重でそれぞれB群の1.5倍および5.9倍となり,両群間に有意な成長差を確認した.しかし孵化より1年後に両群は等しい累積量の餌を摂取し,頭胴長ではA群が大きかったが,体重に成長差は認められなかった.両群の給餌期間中の月間捕食率および月間転換率はB群で有意に高い値が観察された.この結果は,飢餓期の存在がその後の捕食率および成長率に影響を与えることを示唆している.

著者

OKAMOTO KEI KAMEZAKI Naoki

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

Current Herpetology (ISSN:13455834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.46-56, 2014

被引用文献数

8 1

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Morphological variations were analyzed for green turtles, <i>Chelonia mydas</i>, on the basis of 127 individuals captured in the coastal waters of Japan. They were explicitly divided into two groups by plastral coloration—the yellow type and the black type. To statistically assess the morphometric differences between these color types, analysis of covariance was performed for each of 28 external measurements using the standard straight-line carapace length (SCL) as the covariate. Results indicated that the yellow and black types significantly differ in ratios to SCL of distances from the nuchal notch to the outermost point of boundry between the 11th and the preceding (10th) marginals, and also to the boundary of the 11th marginal, last (fifth) vertebral, and last (fourth) pleural on both sides. Such morphometric covariations with plastral coloration in <i>C. mydas</i> sensu lato, as well as sympatric occurrences of the two color types in the Japanese waters, collectively support the validity of the black type as a distinct species, <i>Chelonia agassizii</i>.

著者

佐藤 眞一 倉本 満 小野 勇一

出版者

The Herpetological Society of Japan

雑誌

爬虫両棲類学雑誌 (ISSN:02853191)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.4, pp.119-125, 1994

---

九州の21地点から採集したブチサンショウウオ108個体の斑紋と体の大きさを比較した結果,地理的に隔てられた3型が区別された.九州北部に分布する北九州型は頭胴の背面に白斑をもたない.大分の中九州型と祖母山地以南の南九州型では白斑がよく発達しているが,前者は大形,後者は小形である.北九州型は中九州型に比して相対的に四肢が短く頭幅は大きい.これらの3タイプは系統的に異なり,九州の地史と関連して分化したものと考えられる.