著者

Yui Yumiya Michio Murakami Yoshitake Takebayashi Satoshi Suzuki Tetsuya Ohira

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.248, no.4, pp.261-272, 2019 (Released:2019-08-22)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

8

---

After the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011, there was confusion among the public caused by uncoordinated information about radiation provided by diverse channels. We explored the association between information sources regarding reconstruction progress after the disaster and mental fatigue in Fukushima. We used data from the annual public opinion survey by the Fukushima Prefectural Government on its policies from 2013 to 2015, which contained survey responses from 1,300 community residents randomly selected from the 28 municipalities in the Fukushima Prefecture. The survey contained a question assessing mental fatigue: “How often do you usually feel mentally tired or depressed?” In total, 2,130 participants (758 participants in 2013, 699 participants in 2014, and 673 participants in 2015) were analyzed. The respondents were classified as two categories, “high mental fatigue” and “low mental fatigue,” based on their responses to this question. Overall, the proportion of participants with high mental fatigue was 13.2%. There was no association between the year of survey or occupation and high mental fatigue. Cluster analysis was performed to classify information sources. Then, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the associations between clusters of information sources and high mental fatigue. We found that unreliable information sources, such as “Internet” and “a combination of TV, radio, and word of mouth,” were significantly associated with high mental fatigue, compared with reliable information sources, such as “municipal public relations in addition to major media (newspaper, TV, and radio).” These findings provide important insights into how information sources affect mental fatigue following a disaster.

著者

TOSHIYUKI HASEYAMA TOSHIKI FUJITA FUJIKO HIRASAWA MIKAKO TSUKADA HIDEKI WAKUI ATSUSHI KOMATSUDA HIROSHI OHTANI AKIRA B. MIURA HIROKAZU IMAI AKIO KOIZUMI

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.198, no.4, pp.233-244, 2002 (Released:2004-04-19)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

32 43

---

The Akita mouse, which has a mutation (Cys96Tyr) in the insulin 2 gene (Ins2Akita), is a model for diabetes. The male Akita mouse has diabetes, while females develop mild diabetes. This study aimed to investigate renal complications in the Akita mouse model, which has been maintained in a heterozygous state Ins2Akita (+/−) with a C57BL/6 background (B6). Renal function (BUN, creatinine), serum IgA concentrations and histological changes in the kidneys were evaluated in diabetic and control mice in a B6 background. Five each of male and female mice per group (diabetes vs. control) were killed at 10, 20, 30 and 40 weeks of age. The influence of major histocompatibility antigens (MHC) on renal complications was tested using male diabetic mice in a C3H/He (C3H) background. When compared with controls, diabetic males, but not females, developed impaired renal function with elevation of serum IgA after 30 weeks of age. Diabetic glomerulosclerosis advanced with age in both sexes. Diffuse granular mesangial deposits of IgA were detected by immunofluorescence microscopy in diabetic males after 20 weeks. We tested whether the IgA-associated lesions were influenced by MHC using diabetic males in a C3H background. Similar degrees of diabetic glomerulosclerosis and glomerular IgA deposition were found in mice with C3H and B6 backgrounds. Akita mouse is a unique mouse model showing both mesangial sclerosis and IgA nephropathy.

著者

Kei Segawa Miki Watanabe-Matsui Toshitaka Matsui Kazuhiko Igarashi Kazutaka Murayama

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.247, no.3, pp.153-159, 2019 (Released:2019-03-09)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

8

---

Heme is one of the key factors involved in the oxidative stress response of cells. The transcriptional repressor Bach1 plays an important role in this response through its heme-binding activity. Heme inhibits the transcriptional-repressor activity of Bach1, and can occur in two binding modes: 5- and 6-coordinated binding. The Cys-Pro (CP) motif has been determined to be the heme-binding motif of Bach family proteins. The sequence of Bach1 includes six CP motifs, and four CP motifs are functional. With the aim of elucidating the molecular mechanism of heme-Bach1 regulation, we conducted biophysical analyses focusing on the C-terminal region of mouse Bach1 (residues 631-739) which is located after the bZip domain and includes one functional CP motif. UV-Vis spectroscopy indicated that the CP motif binds heme via 5-coordinated bond. A mutant, which included a cysteine to alanine substitution at the CP motif, did not show 5-coordination, suggesting that this binding mode is specific to the CP motif. Surface plasmon resonance revealed that the binding affinity and stoichiometry of heme with the Bach1 C-terminal region were KD = 1.37 × 10–5 M and 2.3, respectively. The circular dichroism spectrum in the near-UV region exhibited peaks for heme binding to the CP motif. No significant spectral shifts were observed in the far-UV region when samples with and without heme were compared. Therefore, disordered-ordered transition such as “coupled folding and binding” is not involved in the Bach1-heme system. Consequently, the heme response of this C-terminal region is accomplished by disorder-disorder conformational alteration.

著者

Wenwen Pang Pengcheng Shang Qingfeng Li Jiao Xu Lei Bi Jing Zhong Xiaofang Pei

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.244, no.3, pp.231-242, 2018 (Released:2018-03-20)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

30

---

Opportunistic infections (OIs) are the most significant complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The prevalence of OIs differs among various countries in part due to different climates and socio-economic conditions. We, therefore, carried out the retrospective study at the Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Sichuan to comprehensively investigate the prevalence of OIs, predictors of OIs, and risk factors for in-hospital death among HIV-infected patients. Sichuan in West China is characterized by the largest population living with HIV/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) across China. In total, we reviewed 954 cases of HIV infection, admitted to the hospital during January 2014 to December 2015, and found that bacterial pneumonia (25.8%) was the most common OIs, followed by candida infection (18.3%), Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (11.9%), tuberculosis (11.5%), infectious diarrhoea (9.3%), cryptococcus infection (7.3%), cytomegalovirus infection (4.9%), toxoplasmosis (4.6%), hepatitis C (4.0%), nontuberculous mycobacteria desease (2.2%) and Penicillium marneffei infection (0.3%). We also found two strongest risk factors for in-hospital mortality: CD4+T cell counts of less than 100 cells/μL and not receiving antiretroviral therapy. Moreover, the study revealed the specific pathogens causing bacterial pneumonia and/or candida infection, the effect of tuberculosis on CD4+T cell counts, and the drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected patients. The present findings may aid in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of HIV-infected patients, and could help developing efficient public health strategies in China.

著者

Yusuke Matsuyama Toru Tsuboya Shun-ichiro Bessho Jun Aida Ken Osaka

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.244, no.2, pp.163-173, 2018 (Released:2018-03-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

12

---

Healthcare utilization after natural disasters remains understudied. In general, people in Japan pay 10%-30% of total amount of costs, according to their health insurance plan. A policy exempting survivors from copayments was introduced after the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011, which had a magnitude of 9.0 on the Richter scale and followed by devastating tsunamis. Among the disaster-affected areas, Miyagi prefecture experienced the largest number of deaths and the greatest extent of damage. However, the exemption was suspended in Miyagi prefecture from April, 2013, because of the huge governmental financial burden due to the immensity of damage from the disaster. Subsequently, in April 2014, the exemption was re-introduced, with smaller coverage. We, therefore, evaluated the influence of this policy change on monthly healthcare utilization in Miyagi prefecture between April 2008 and June 2015. We also evaluated the association between the proportion of people exempted from copayment in each municipality and the difference in healthcare utilization before and after the suspension using multivariable linear regression. Healthcare utilization in Miyagi increased immediately after the institution of the exemption policy and it peaked after one year. In March 2013, just before the suspension, a rapid increment in healthcare utilization was observed, suggesting that the copayment may be a barrier for people in the disaster-affected area to access to healthcare. The exemption policy did help the survivors to use healthcare utilization in Miyagi. After devastating natural disasters, policymakers should guarantee that all survivors can utilize healthcare services on demand.

著者

Hisanori Fukunaga Akinari Yokoya Yasuyuki Taki Kevin M. Prise

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.242, no.1, pp.77-81, 2017 (Released:2017-05-27)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

6

---

On March 11, 2011, a devastating earthquake and subsequent tsunami caused serious damage to areas of the Pacific coast in Fukushima prefecture and prompted fears among the residents about a possible meltdown of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant reactors. As of 2017, over six years have passed since the Fukushima nuclear crisis and yet the full ramifications of the biological exposures to this accidental release of radioactive substances remain unclear. Furthermore, although several genetic studies have determined that the variation in radiation sensitivity among different individuals is wider than expected, personalized medical approaches for Fukushima victims have seemed to be insufficient. In this commentary, we discuss radiobiological issues arising from low-dose radiation exposure, from the cell-based to the population level. We also introduce the scientific utility of the Integrative Japanese Genome Variation Database (iJGVD), an online database released by the Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University that covered the whole genome sequences of 2,049 healthy individuals in the northeastern part of Japan in 2016. Here we propose a personalized radiation risk assessment and medical approach, which considers the genetic variation of radiation sensitivity among individuals, for next-step developments in radiological protection.

著者

Chayanin Angthong Wirana Angthong Thos Harnroongroj Thossart Harnroongroj

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.226, no.2, pp.129-135, 2012 (Released:2012-01-26)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Little is known about the effect of a subsequent osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture on the survival rate of patients with a previous hip fracture. In this study, we aimed to compare the survival rates of hip fracture patients with and without subsequent osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and determine the risk factors associated with subsequent fracture. During 2000-2008, 933 initial hip fracture patients were reviewed and divided into two groups: subsequent fracture group (160 patients) and single hip fracture group (i.e., no subsequent fracture; 773 patients). All information pertaining to their most recent fracture event(s), including mortality causes/rates, were recorded. Differences in mortality rates and hazard ratios (HRs) between the two groups were also analyzed. The 1-year and 1-to-5-year mortality rates were 1.3% and 1.9%, respectively, in the subsequent fracture group, and 4.7% and 1.4%, respectively, in the single hip fracture group, with no significant differences observed. Interestingly, the HR for mortality was significantly higher in the single hip fracture group than in the subsequent fracture group (p < 0.05). The significant risk factors for subsequent fractures were identified as knee osteoarthritis, neurological disease, and an initial hip fracture with intertrochanteric involvement. Our findings indicate that the occurrence of a vertebral compression fracture after an initial hip fracture does not greatly impact patient survival. Conversely, patients presenting with a single hip fracture have a significantly higher mortality-HR, indicating that single hip fracture patients without subsequent fracture should be provided with the same standard of care as patients with subsequent fractures.

著者

Shinichi Takenoshita Masahiro Iwakura Toru Nagasawa Kyoko Nomura

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023.J102, (Released:2023-12-21)

著者

Hiroyuki Yamamoto Kyoko Yamamoto Katsumi Yoshida Chiyohiko Shindoh Kyoko Takeda Masami Monden Hiroko Izumo Hiroyuki Niinuma Yutaro Nishi Koichiro Niwa Yasuhiro Komatsu

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.237, no.3, pp.201-207, 2015 (Released:2015-10-24)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 2

---

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health issue, and strategies for its early detection and intervention are imperative. The latest Japanese CKD guideline recommends that patients without diabetes should be classified using the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (PCR) instead of the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR); however, no validation studies are available. This study aimed to validate the PCR-based CKD risk classification compared with the ACR-based classification and to explore more accurate classification methods. We analyzed two previously reported datasets that included diabetic and/or cardiovascular patients who were classified into early CKD stages. In total, 860 patients (131 diabetic patients and 729 cardiovascular patients, including 193 diabetic patients) were enrolled. We assessed the CKD risk classification of each patient according to the estimated glomerular filtration rate and the ACR-based or PCR-based classification. The use of the cut-off value recommended in the current guideline (PCR 0.15 g/g creatinine) resulted in risk misclassification rates of 26.0% and 16.6% for the two datasets. The misclassification was primarily caused by underestimation. Moderate to substantial agreement between each classification was achieved: Cohen’s kappa, 0.56 (95% confidence interval, 0.45-0.69) and 0.72 (0.67-0.76) in each dataset, respectively. To improve the accuracy, we tested various candidate PCR cut-off values, showing that a PCR cut-off value of 0.08-0.10 g/g creatinine resulted in improvement in the misclassification rates and kappa values. Modification of the PCR cut-off value would improve its efficacy to identify high-risk populations who will benefit from early intervention.

著者

TOSHIHIRO FUJIOKA YASUHIRO SAKAMOTO GORO MIMURA

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.Suppl, pp.453-463, 1983 (Released:2008-11-28)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

5 10

---

An investigation was undertaken to evaluate the antiarrhythmic effect of CoQ10 on VPBs using the Holter ECG, in 27 patients with no clinical findings of organic cardiopathies. As a result, the effect of CoQ10 on VPBs was considered beneficial in 6 (22%) of 27 cases, consisting of 1 patient with hypertension and 5 patients with DM. Even in the remaining 2 patients with DM, the frequency of VPBs was reduced by 50% or more during treatement with CoQ10. The mean reduction of VPBs frequency in the 5 responders plus these 2 patients with DM was 85.7%. These findings suggest that CoQ10 exhibits an effective antiarrhythmic action not merely on organic heart disease but also on VPBs supervening on DM.

著者

Ryuji Shioji Shozo Rikimaru Hiroshi Ito

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.1, pp.63-69, 1967 (Released:2008-11-28)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Urinary citrate output was studied in 5 cases of primary aldosteronism, in 3 of Addison's disease and in 8 of normal subjects. The urinary citrate output was decreased in 4 of 5 cases of primary aldosteronism, and the citrate output could not be normalized by removal of adrenocortical adenoma. In patients with primary aldosteronism citrate excretion was somewhat increased by admini-stration of potassium chloride, but rather decreased by spironolactone. In these patients urinary citrate output could not be correlated with either plasma CO2 content or plasma potassium concentration. The low urinary citrate excretion in primary aldosteronism may not be satisfactorily explained either by direct action of aldosterone on the kidney or by intracellular acidosis.

著者

Hiroaki Shimokawa Tomohiko Shindo Aiko Ishiki Naoki Tomita Sadamitsu Ichijyo Tasuku Watanabe Takashi Nakata Kumiko Eguchi Yoku Kikuchi Takashi Shiroto Jun Takahashi Satoshi Yasuda Hiroyuki Arai

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.258, no.3, pp.167-175, 2022 (Released:2022-10-25)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

8

---

The prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been rapidly increasing worldwide. We have developed a novel angiogenic therapy with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), which is effective and safe in animal models of AD and vascular dementia. We performed two trials of LIPUS therapy for AD (mild cognitive impairment due to AD and mild AD); a roll-in open trial for safety, and a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled (RCT) trial for efficacy and safety. The LIPUS therapy was performed for whole brain through the bilateral temporal bones for one hour 3 times a week as one session under the special conditions (1.3 MPa, 32 cycles, 5% duty cycle) we identified. The LIPUS therapy was performed for one session in the roll-in trial, and 6 sessions in the RCT trial with 3-month intervals for 1.5 years. The primary endpoint was ADAS-J cog scores. The RCT trial was terminated prematurely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In the roll-in trial (N = 5), no adverse effects were noted. In the RCT trial (N = 22), the worsening of ADAS-J cog scores tended to be suppressed in the LIPUS group compared with the placebo group at week 72 (P = 0.257). When responders were defined as those with no worsening of ADAS-J cog scores at week 72, the prevalence was 50% (5/10) and 0% (0/5) in the LIPUS and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.053). No adverse effects were noted. These results suggest that the LIPUS therapy is safe and tends to suppress cognitive impairment although a next pivotal trial with a large number of subjects is warranted.

著者

Andros Theo Tracy Masebe Yasuhiro Suzuki Haruhisa Kikuchi Shoko Wada Chikwelu Larry Obi Pascal Obong Bessong Motoki Usuzawa Yoshiteru Oshima Toshio Hattori

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.217, no.2, pp.93-99, 2009 (Released:2009-02-11)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

35 40

---

The biodiversity of medicinal plants in South Africa makes them rich sources of leading compounds for the development of novel drugs. Peltophorum africanum (Fabaceae) is a deciduous tree widespread in South Africa. The stem bark has been traditionally employed to treat diarrhoea, dysentery, sore throat, wounds, human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), venereal diseases and infertility. To evaluate these ethnobotanical clues and isolate lead compounds, butanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the stem bark were screened for their inhibitory activities against HIV-1 using MAGI CCR5+ cells, which are derived from HeLa cervical cancer cells and express HIV receptor CD4, a chemokine receptor CCR5 and HIV-LTR-β- galactosidase. Bioassay-guided fractionation using silica gel chromatography was also conducted. The ethyl acetate and butanol extracts of the stem bark of Peltophorum africanum showed inhibitory activity against HIV-1, CXCR4 (X4) and CCR5 (R5) tropic viruses. The ethyl acetate and butanol extracts yielded previously reported anti-HIV compounds, (+)-catechin, a flavonoid, and bergenin, a C-galloylglycoside, respectively. Furthermore, we identified betulinic acid from the ethyl acetate fraction for the first time. The fractions, which contained betulinic acid, showed the highest selective index. We therefore describe the presence of betulinic acid, a not well-known anti-HIV compound, in an African medicinal herb, which has been used for therapy, and claim that betulinic acid is the predominant anti-HIV-1 constituent of Peltophorum africanum. These data suggest that betulinic acid and its analogues could be used as potential therapeutics for HIV-1 infection.

著者

Kyoko Nomura Mutsuhiro Nakao Mikiya Sato Eiji Yano

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.212, no.3, pp.239-246, 2007 (Released:2007-06-26)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

5 6

---

Benzodiazepines are useful and effective psychotropic agents used worldwide. However, the long term use of the drugs can lead to serious adverse health effects such as psychomotor and cognitive impairment, especially in the elderly. In Japan, there are very few reports concerning long-term use of benzodiazepines, and no countermeasures have been instituted. Thus, this study assessed the characteristics of long-term prescription of benzodiazepines at a university hospital in Japan. A cross-sectional study using the database of a computer ordering system examined 4,239 adult outpatients who were prescribed benzodiazepines at a university teaching hospital between July 2002 and June 2003. The patients were divided into two groups: those with long-term (≥ 3 months) and short-term (≤ 2 months) prescriptions. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of patient age on long-term benzodiazepine prescription. Adjusting for patient gender, pharmacological half-life of the drug, and department group, a logistic regression model showed that long-term benzodiazepine prescription occurred more frequently in older patients (p < 0.0001 in trend tests) and varied according to the physician's specialty (p < 0.0001). Benzodiazepines were more frequently prescribed for long term in the elderly by internal medicine group (p = 0.003). Of the patients older than 71 years (n = 1,105), 86% were assigned to the long-term group and were more likely to have been prescribed benzodiazepines by an internist than a surgeon (p < 0.0001). The appropriate prescription of benzodiazepines in the elderly should be included in the educational programs at teaching hospitals, and rational prescribing needs to be monitored carefully.

著者

Qin Liu Zhenhui Lu Huayu Wu Li Zheng

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.235, no.3, pp.201-213, 2015 (Released:2015-03-10)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

10 11

---

Articular cartilage is characterized by the lack of blood vessels and has a poor self-healing potential. Limited cell numbers and dedifferentiation of chondrocytes when expanded in vitro are the major obstacles of autologous chondrocyte implantation. Autologous chondrocyte implantation is a cell-based treatment that can be used as a second-line measure to regenerate chondral or osteochondral defects in younger, active patients. There is an urgent need to find an effective chondrogenic protection agent alleviating or inhibiting chondrocyte dedifferentiation. In this study, we explored the effect of taurine (2-aminoethane sulfonic acid) on proliferation and phenotype maintenance of human articular chondrocytes by analyzing the cell proliferation, morphology, viability, and expression of cartilage specific mRNAs and proteins. Primary chondrocytes were isolated from human articular cartilage tissues. Results showed that taurine effectively promoted chondrocyte growth and enhanced accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and collagens in the conditioned media of chondrocytes. Moreover, taurine exposure caused significant increases in the relative expression levels of mRNAs for cartilage specific markers, including aggrecan, collagen type II and SOX9. Aggrecan is a cartilage-specific proteoglycan, and SOX9 is a chondrogenic transcription factor. In contrast, the mRNA expression of collagen type I, a marker for chondrocyte dedifferentiation, was significantly decreased in cells treated with taurine, indicating that taurine inhibits the chondrocyte dedifferentiation. This study reveals that taurine is effective in proliferation promotion and phenotype maintenance of chondrocytes. Thus, taurine may be a useful pro-chondrogenic agent for autologous chondrocyte implantation in the treatment of cartilage repair.

著者

Takayoshi Ohkubo Michihiro Satoh

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023.J045, (Released:2023-06-08)

著者

HIDEO SUZUKI

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.4, pp.329-342, 1972 (Released:2008-11-28)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The effects of vitamin E deficiency and a combined high salt intake on pathological changes in the kidney and testis were studied with young rats given linseed oil and cod liver oil for 10 and 27 weeks, respectively, as a preliminary attempt to investigate the relation between vitamin E deficiency and lipid metabolism involving cell membrane fragility. Vitamin E deficiency caused by linseed oil resulted in degenerative renal changes and post-mortem renal autolysis. Supplementation with vitamin E partially protected the animals against the renal pathological changes. When cod liver oil was given, atrophy of the kidney and testis was observed. In both cases, renal autolysis and other signs of vitamin E deficiency were noted. The high salt intake had further effect on kidney changes when linseed oil was given and promoted testicular changes seen with cod liver oil but had less influence on other deficient signs. A decrease in lecithin and linoleic acid of the phospholipids of both organs was shown to be related to vitamin E deficiency.

著者

HIROSHI IZUMI MAKOTO HAYAKARI YOSHIKAZU KONDO TSUNEMATSU TAKEMOTO

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, no.1, pp.101-102, 1975 (Released:2008-11-28)

参考文献数

12

---

Dopamine-β-hydroxylase was partially purified from bovine adrenal medulla and the effect of carnosine on the dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity was investigated. Carnosine significantly inhibited the enzyme activity at the concentrations higher than 0.5mM. According to the Lineweaver-Burk plots, the inhibition observed appeared to be a non-competitive type with the substrate, tyramine.

著者

MinKyu Kim KiHun Cho WanHee Lee

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.234, no.4, pp.281-286, 2014 (Released:2014-12-05)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

26 34

---

Stroke patients live with balance and walking dysfunction. Walking is the most important factor for independent community activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a community walking training program (CWTP) within the real environment on walking function and social participation in chronic stroke patients. Twenty-two stroke patients (13 male, 50.45 years old, post stroke duration 231.64 days) were randomly assigned to either the CWTP group or the control group. All subjects participated in the same standard rehabilitation program consisting of physical and occupational therapy for 60 min per day, five times a week, for four weeks. In addition, the CWTP group participated in CWTP for 30 min per day, five times a week, for four weeks. Walking function was assessed using the 10-m walk test (measurement for 10-meter walking speed), 6-min walk assessment (measurement of gait length for 6-minutes), and community gait assessment. Social participation was assessed using a social participation domain of stroke impact scale. In walking function, greater improvement was observed in the CWTP group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, social participation improved more in the CWTP group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate the efficacy of CWTP on walking function and social participation in chronic stroke patients. Therefore, we suggest that CWTP within the real environment may be an effective method for improving walking function and social participation of chronic stroke patients when added to standard rehabilitation.

著者

Tetsuya Akaishi Tamotsu Onodera Tatsuya Takahashi Hideo Harigae Tadashi Ishii

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.259, no.4, pp.263-271, 2023 (Released:2023-03-09)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

3

---

The third and fourth doses of the vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were widely administered in Japan since December 2021. Currently, however, data are scarce regarding acute adverse events with the third and fourth doses. The present study reports the profiles of acute adverse events after the third and fourth COVID-19 vaccine doses, seen at the site of a mass vaccination center in Japan. Between December 2021 and July 2022, 267,515 individuals received the third, and 32,934 received the fourth COVID-19 vaccine dose at the mass vaccination center, of whom 442 recipients of the third (0.19%), and 22 recipients of the fourth (0.07%) dose reported acute adverse events and were examined by doctors on site. The most common diagnosis was vasovagal syncope/presyncope (incidence: 0.01-0.10%), followed by other miscellaneous complaints, acute allergic reactions (0.05-0.005%), and anaphylaxis (< 0.005%). Vasovagal syncope/presyncope occurred most frequently in recipients in those in their 20s, whereas acute allergic reactions were most frequent in those in their 40s. Both reactions were more frequent in women than men. The peak occurrence of vasovagal syncope/presyncope was earlier than 15 min after the injection, whereas that of acute allergic reaction was later than 15 min after the injection. The incidence of acute allergic reactions appeared to differ between various vaccine manufacturers, whereas that of vasovagal syncope/presyncope did not. These real-world data may benefit the safe and efficient implementation of mass vaccination campaigns for citizens who want to receive COVID-19 vaccines now and in the future.