著者

Fumiaki TAKA Kyoko NOMURA Saki HORIE Keisuke TAKEMOTO Masumi TAKEUCHI Shinichi TAKENOSHITA Aya MURAKAMI Haruko HIRAIKE Hiroko OKINAGA Derek R. SMITH

出版者

独立行政法人 労働安全衛生総合研究所

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, pp.480-487, 2016-11-30 (Released:2016-12-07)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

25

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We investigated relationships between the perception of organizational climate with gender equity and psychological health among 94 women and 211 men in a Japanese private university in 2015 using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (i.e., personal, work-related and student-related burnout). Perceptions of organizational climate with respect to gender equity were measured with two scales including organizational engagement with a gender equal society in the workplace (consisting of three domains of ‘Women utilization', ‘Organizational promotion of gender equal society' and ‘Consultation service'); and a gender inequality in academia scale that had been previously developed. Multivariable linear models demonstrated significant statistical interactions between gender and perceptions of organizational climate; ‘Women utilization' or lack of ‘Inequality in academia' alleviated burnout only in women. In consequence of this gender difference, when ‘Women utilization' was at a lower level, both personal (p=.038) and work-related (p=.010) burnout scores were higher in women, and the student-related burnout score was lower in women when they perceived less inequality in academia than in men (p=.030). As such, it is suggested organizational fairness for gender equity may be a useful tool to help mitigate psychological burnout among women in academia.

著者

Kae Okoshi Kyoko Nomura Kayo Fukami Yasuko Tomizawa Katsutoshi Kobayashi Koichi Kinoshita Yoshiharu Sakai

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.234, no.3, pp.221-227, 2014 (Released:2014-10-28)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

27 32

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During the past three decades, the participation of women in medicine has increased from 10.6% (1986) to 19.7% (2012) in Japan. However, women continue to be underrepresented in the top tiers of academic medicine. We highlight gender inequality and discuss the difficulties faced by female surgeons in Japanese academic surgery. Using anonymous and aggregate employment data of medical doctors at Kyoto University Hospital from 2009 and 2013, and a commercially-published faculty roster in 2012-2013, we compared gender balance stratified by a professional and an academic rank. The numbers of total and female doctors who worked at Kyoto University Hospital were 656 and 132 (20.1%) in 2009 and 655 and 132 (20.2%) in 2013, respectively. Approximately half the men (n = 281) were in temporary track and the rest (n = 242) were in tenure track, but only one fifth of women (n = 24) were in tenure track compared to 108 women in temporary track (p < 0.0001) in 2013. There were three female associate professors in basic medicine (8.1%), two female professors in clinical non-surgical medicine (3.9%) and one female lecturer in clinical surgical medicine (2.3%) in 2012. Fewer female doctors were at senior positions and at tenure positions than male doctors at Kyoto University Hospital. There were no female associate and full professors in surgery. The status of faculty members indicates the gender differences in leadership opportunities in Japanese academic surgery.

著者

Michihiro Satoh Takahisa Murakami Kei Asayama Takuo Hirose Masahiro Kikuya Ryusuke Inoue Megumi Tsubota-Utsugi Keiko Murakami Ayako Matsuda Azusa Hara Taku Obara Ryo Kawasaki Kyoko Nomura Hirohito Metoki Koichi Node Yutaka Imai Takayoshi Ohkubo

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-17-1227, (Released:2018-06-09)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

6

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Background:N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been used for risk stratification in heart failure or acute coronary syndrome, but the beyond 5-year predictive value of NT-proBNP for stroke remains an unsettled issue in Asian patients. The aim of the present study was to clarify this point.Methods and Results:We followed 1,198 participants (33.4% men; mean age, 60.5±11.1 years old) in the Japanese general population for a median of 13.0 years. A first stroke occurred in 93 participants. Referencing previous reports, we stratified participants according to NT-proBNP 30.0, 55.0, and 125.0 pg/mL. Using the NT-proBNP <30.0 pg/mL group as a reference, adjusted HR for stroke (95% CI) in the NT-proBNP 30.0–54.9-pg/mL, 55.0–124.9-pg/mL, and ≥125.0-pg/mL groups were 1.92 (0.94–3.94), 1.77 (0.85–3.66), and 1.99 (0.86–4.61), respectively. With the maximum follow-up period set at 5 years, the hazard ratio of the NT-proBNP≥125.0-pg/mL group compared with the <30.0-pg/mL group increased significantly (HR, 4.51; 95% CI: 1.03–19.85). On extension of the maximum follow-up period, however, the association between NT-proBNP and stroke risk weakened.Conclusions:NT-proBNP was significantly associated with an elevated stroke risk. Given, however, that the predictive power decreased with the number of years after NT-proBNP measurement, NT-proBNP should be re-evaluated periodically in Asian patients.

著者

Hiroaki SHIMIZU Takahiro ONO Takatsugu ABE Masaaki HOKARI Yusuke EGASHIRA Koji SHIMONAGA Masahiko KAWANISHI Kyoko NOMURA Yusuke TAKAHASHI

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-0249, (Released:2023-01-05)

参考文献数

21

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Intracranial carotid artery dissection causing cerebral ischemia is a rare but important cause of cerebral infarction in children and adolescents. Although endovascular therapy has been reported to be effective, questions regarding the indications for intervention are yet to be addressed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate factors related to clinical outcomes through a nationwide survey. Overall, 35 neurosurgical centers reported patients within 2 weeks after ischemic onset due to intracranial carotid artery dissection causing cerebral ischemia treated between January 2015 and December 2020. Data on clinical and radiological findings were statistically analyzed. Twenty-eight patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 36 years (range, 7-59 years), without sex differences. Headache at onset was documented in 60.7% of the patients. Dissection findings were categorized into stenosis (71.4%) or occlusion (28.6%). Initial treatments, including various antithrombotic agent combinations in 23 (82.1%) patients, effectively improved or prevented aggravation in half of the patients. The patients with stenotic dissection were significantly more likely to experience aggravation during the initial treatment than did those with occlusive dissection (P = 0.03). In addition, the patients with moderate to severe neurological deficits on admission had poorer outcomes at discharge more frequently than did those with mild neurological deficits on admission. Eight patients undergoing endovascular therapy had no procedural complications or further aggravation after intervention. In conclusion, patients with intracranial carotid dissection causing cerebral ischemia who had a stenotic dissection were at risk of further aggravation, and endovascular therapy effectively improved or prevented aggravation.

著者

Shinichi Takenoshita Kyoko Nomura Sachiko Ohde Gautam A. Deshpande Haruka Sakamoto Honami Yoshida Kevin Urayama Seiji Bito Yasushi Ishida Takuro Shimbo Kunihiko Matsui Tsuguya Fukui Osamu Takahashi

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.239, no.4, pp.325-331, 2016 (Released:2016-08-13)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 2

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The evidence suggests that mentoring is one of useful teaching methods in academic medicine but it is not clear for which outcome mentoring is effective. In this study, the authors investigated the number of original research articles that the participants had published in peer-reviewed English-language journals (as a first or a corresponding author) within one year prior to investigation and what characteristics of the participants who published at least one paper would be like compared to those who did not. In March 2015, the authors recruit early- and mid-career Japanese physicians (238 men and 240 women; mean age 40.6 years old) in a web survey. In total, 23.9% of physicians had published at least one original research article as a first author, 10.0% had published as a corresponding author, and 23.4% had a research mentor. A multivariate logistic regression model adjusting for variables selected at p < 0.15 in univariable models showed that even after adjusting for their motivation levels for clinical research, physicians with a research mentor [odds ratio (OR) 6.68; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.74-11.93], physicians who obtained DMSc, roughly equivalent to PhD in the West (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.26-3.72), and physicians who worked at teaching hospitals (OR 6.39; 95% CI, 2.54-16.04) were more likely to publish an original paper in a peer-reviewed journal. Having a research mentor or DMSc is associated with an experience of successfully publishing original papers in peer-reviewed journals for young and mid-career physician-researchers.

著者

Fumiaki Taka Kyoko Nomura Saki Horie Keisuke Takemoto Masumi Takeuchi Shinichi Takenoshita Aya Murakami Haruko Hiraike Hiroko Okinaga Derek R. Smith

出版者

独立行政法人 労働安全衛生総合研究所

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016-0126, (Released:2016-10-01)

被引用文献数

25

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We investigated relationships between the perception of organizational climate with gender equity and psychological health among 94 women and 211 men in a Japanese private university in 2015 using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (i.e., personal, work-related and student-related burnout). Perceptions of organizational climate with respect to gender equity were measured with two scales including organizational engagement with a gender equal society in the workplace (consisting of three domains of ‘Women utilization', ‘Organizational promotion of gender equal society' and ‘Consultation service'); and a gender inequality in academia scale that had been previously developed. Multivariable linear models demonstrated significant statistical interactions between gender and perceptions of organizational climate; ‘Women utilization' or lack of ‘Inequality in academia' alleviated burnout only in women. In consequence of this gender difference, when ‘Women utilization' was at a lower level, both personal (p=.038) and work-related (p =.010) burnout scores were higher in women, and the student-related burnout score was lower in women when they perceived less inequality in academia than in men (p=.030). As such, it is suggested organizational fairness for gender equity may be a useful tool to help mitigate psychological burnout among women in academia.

著者

Shinichi Takenoshita Masahiro Iwakura Toru Nagasawa Kyoko Nomura

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023.J102, (Released:2023-12-21)

被引用文献数

1

著者

Kyoko Nomura Mutsuhiro Nakao Mikiya Sato Eiji Yano

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.212, no.3, pp.239-246, 2007 (Released:2007-06-26)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

5 6

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Benzodiazepines are useful and effective psychotropic agents used worldwide. However, the long term use of the drugs can lead to serious adverse health effects such as psychomotor and cognitive impairment, especially in the elderly. In Japan, there are very few reports concerning long-term use of benzodiazepines, and no countermeasures have been instituted. Thus, this study assessed the characteristics of long-term prescription of benzodiazepines at a university hospital in Japan. A cross-sectional study using the database of a computer ordering system examined 4,239 adult outpatients who were prescribed benzodiazepines at a university teaching hospital between July 2002 and June 2003. The patients were divided into two groups: those with long-term (≥ 3 months) and short-term (≤ 2 months) prescriptions. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of patient age on long-term benzodiazepine prescription. Adjusting for patient gender, pharmacological half-life of the drug, and department group, a logistic regression model showed that long-term benzodiazepine prescription occurred more frequently in older patients (p < 0.0001 in trend tests) and varied according to the physician's specialty (p < 0.0001). Benzodiazepines were more frequently prescribed for long term in the elderly by internal medicine group (p = 0.003). Of the patients older than 71 years (n = 1,105), 86% were assigned to the long-term group and were more likely to have been prescribed benzodiazepines by an internist than a surgeon (p < 0.0001). The appropriate prescription of benzodiazepines in the elderly should be included in the educational programs at teaching hospitals, and rational prescribing needs to be monitored carefully.

著者

Masumi Takeuchi Kyoko Nomura Saki Horie Hiroko Okinaga Chithra R. Perumalswami Reshma Jagsi

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.245, no.1, pp.37-44, 2018 (Released:2018-05-12)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

30

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The purpose of this study is three-fold: (1) to compare harassment (sexual, gender, and academic harassment both directly and indirectly experienced — i.e. “directly harassed” and “have seen or heard of someone who experienced harassment”, respectively) experienced by males and females, (2) to investigate whether such experiences correlate with burnout, and (3) to explore whether social support might mitigate any such relationship between harassment and burnout. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a private university in Japan in February 2014 and is based on a work-life balance survey obtained from 330 academic faculty members. We investigated the association between each of the six subcategories of harassment (direct and indirect forms of each of the three types) and burnout using general linear regression models; we then evaluated interactions between harassment and social support in these models. The prevalence of direct and indirect experiences of harassment was higher in females than in males for all three types of harassment. Males showed higher burnout scores if they had direct experiences of harassment. There were significant interactions between social support and the direct experience of harassment; high social support mitigated the effect size of direct harassment on burnout among males. Females showed higher burnout scores if they had indirect experiences of harassment. However, the same buffering effect of social support on burnout as observed in males was not observed in females. Direct harassment experiences increased the risk of burnout in males, and indirect harassment experiences increased burnout in females.