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From at least 1976 until his exposure by the media in November 2000, amateur archaeologist Shinichi Fujimura planted artifacts at over 180 Paleolithic ‘sites’ in Miyagi Prefecture and other parts of eastern Japan. As a result of this hoax, the existence of an Early Paleolithic stretching back more than half a million years became widely accepted in Japan. Fujimura perpetrated one of the biggest archaeological hoaxes of the 20th century and his actions have important implications for the way archaeological research is conducted in Japan and beyond. This article explores the sociopolitical background to the hoax and argues that the emphasis on archaeology as ‘people’s history’ in postwar Japan was one important factor in the favorable evaluations given to Fujimura’s discoveries. It is suggested that the lessons of the Fujimura hoax support the need for a stronger and more reflexive relationship between archaeology and anthropology in Japan.

2005-08-22 15:18:00
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2 0 0 0 https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/80005976298

著者: LA. SPADA A. R.
雑誌: Nature
巻号頁・発行日: vol.352, 1991
被引用文献数: 58 2051

2013-11-13 10:45:06
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1 0 0 0 OA How well do we understand absolute pitch?

著者: Ken’ichi Miyazaki
出版者: ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
雑誌: Acoustical Science and Technology (ISSN:13463969)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.25, no.6, pp.426-432, 2004 (Released:2004-11-01)
参考文献数: 55
被引用文献数: 14 19 25

Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability based on the fixed association between musical pitch and its verbal label. Experiments on AP identification demonstrated extreme accuracy of AP listeners in identifying pitch, influences of timbre and pitch range, and difference in accuracy between white-key notes and black-key notes. However, contrary to the common belief that AP is a component of musical ability, it was found that AP listeners have difficulty in perceiving pitch relations in different pitch contexts, and in recognizing transposed melodies, as compared to listeners having no AP. These results suggest that AP is irrelevant and even disadvantageous to music. Systematic music training in early childhood seems effective for acquiring AP. Possible genetic contributions to AP are undeniable, but evidence for them is inconclusive. There are several AP-like phenomena that do not reach consciousness: absolute tonality, long-term memory of pitch of repeatedly heard tunes, specific patterns of pitch comparison in the tritone paradox, and fixed pitch levels in speech. Contrary to true AP observed as a pitch naming ability, the implicit AP phenomena are widespread among general population.

2005-08-07 18:45:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 無償労働の貨幣評価 : 性別による賃金格差を除いた試算

著者: 角間(土田) 陽子加藤千代草野篤子
出版者: 社団法人日本家政学会
雑誌: 日本家政学会誌 (ISSN:09135227)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.55, no.1, pp.59-70, 2004-01-15

In 1997, the former Economic Planning Agency implemented the first official monetary evaluation of unpaid work. At that time, in Japan, wages were worked out on the basis of gender as well as age ; simply put, valuation amounts of unpaid worker varied by gender. In this study, the loss of income for women was impartially calculated. In other words, the unpaid wage differentials by gender were excluded when our trial calculation was made for women on the basis of the second report compiled by he former EPA in 1998. 0ur calculation yielded approximately 168,080 billion yen or 33.6% of GDP. The general comment price of unpaid work became 10.4% or 52 trillion yen higher than figure listed in the 1998 EPA report. The rate of women's valuation amount to the total naturally increased from 84.5% to 89.3%. Furthermore, our research uncovered the lopsidedness between men and women in terms of annual valuation amounts per capita, and clarified the content of actions involving unpaid work which was not specified in the EPA report. There is a need to recognize publicly that the unpaid work is just as worthy as the paid work, and some policy or social system should be immediately established to enable to choose and distribute unpaid work in our lifestyle irrespective of gender difference.