著者

中川 光弘 宮坂 瑞穂 三浦 大助 上澤 真平

出版者

一般社団法人 日本地質学会

雑誌

地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.7, pp.473-489, 2018-07-15 (Released:2018-08-18)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

14

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石狩低地帯の西方には支笏-洞爺火山地域が位置し,後期更新世から大規模な爆発的噴火が続いている.これらの噴出物は石狩低地帯に多数のテフラ層として堆積しており,古くからテフラ層序学・年代学に関する多くの研究が行われてきた.それらの結果,支笏-洞爺火山地域では約13万年前頃から洞爺火山で活動が開始し,その後にクッタラ火山,そして支笏火山と活動が波及し,カルデラ形成噴火が続発したこと,さらにそれらのカルデラ火山の活動に並行して,背弧側では羊蹄山や尻別岳の活動があったことが明らかになっている.今回の巡検では代表的な露頭を巡り,北海道の更新世および完新世の主要な指標テフラとテフラ層序を紹介するだけではなく,最近の研究成果による詳細な噴火履歴および代表的噴火の噴火様式についても議論する.

著者

上澤 真平

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会

雑誌

火山 (ISSN:04534360)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.6, pp.171-191, 2008-12-29 (Released:2017-03-20)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

1

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On May 24th 1926, the eruption of Tokachidake volcano, in central Hokkaido, efficiently melted the snow pack on the hill slope, triggering the Taisho lahar which killed 144 people in the towns of Kamifurano and Biei. A geological survey and paleomagnetic and granumetric studies were conducted on the northwestern slope of Tokachidake volcano to reconstruct the sequence of the 1926 eruption and decipher the triggering mechanism for the Taisho lahar. The Taisho lahar deposits in the proximal area of the volcano are divided into five distinct units (unit L1, L2, and A through C, from oldest to youngest). Unit L1 is an older lahar deposit that underlies the 1926 deposits. The 1926 sequence consists of debris avalanche deposits (unit A and C), a laminated sandy debris flow deposit (unit B), and a lahar deposit including scoria clasts (unit L2). Each unit contains hydrothermally altered rocks and clay material with more than 5 wt.% fragments smaller than 2mm in diameter. The progressive thermal demagnetization experiments show that the natural remanent magnetization (NRM) of all samples in unit A, B and C have a stable single or multi-component magnetization. The emplacement temperatures are estimated to be normal temperatures to 620℃ for unit A, 300 to 450℃ for unit B, and normal temperature to 500℃ for unit C. On the basis of geological and paleomagnetic data and old documents, a sequence for the eruption and the mechanism of formation and emplacement of the Taisho lahar can be reconstructed. The first eruption at 12: 11 May 24th triggered a small lahar (unit L2). Collapse of central crater at 16:17 May 24th 1926 then resulted in a debris avalanche containing highly altered hydrothermal rocks with hot temperatures ranging from 300 to 620℃ (unit A). The debris avalanche flowed down the slope of the volcano, bulldozing and trapping snow. Immediately following the collapse, a hot (approximately 400℃) hydrothermal surge (unit B) melted snow and transformed into a lahar causing significant damage and deaths in the towns downstream. Just after the generation of the lahar, another collapse occurred at the crater causing another debris avalanche (unit C).

著者

上澤 真平 中川 光弘

出版者

特定非営利活動法人日本火山学会

雑誌

日本火山学会講演予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2009, 2009-10-10

著者

上澤 真平 中川 光弘 宮地 直道

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会

雑誌

日本火山学会講演予稿集 2011 (ISSN:24335320)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.69, 2011-10-02 (Released:2017-02-10)

著者

伊藤 久敏 上澤 真平 東丸 直頌 七山 太 中川 正二郎

出版者

The Geological Society of Japan

雑誌

日本地質学会学術大会講演要旨 (ISSN:13483935)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.107, 2015 (Released:2016-03-31)

著者

上澤 真平

出版者

特定非営利活動法人日本火山学会

雑誌

火山 (ISSN:04534360)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.6, pp.171-191, 2008-12-29

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On May 24^<th> 1926, the eruption of Tokachidake volcano, in central Hokkaido, efficiently melted the snow pack on the hill slope, triggering the Taisho lahar which killed 144 people in the towns of Kamifurano and Biei. A geological survey and paleomagnetic and granumetric studies were conducted on the northwestern slope of Tokachidake volcano to reconstruct the sequence of the 1926 eruption and decipher the triggering mechanism for the Taisho lahar. The Taisho lahar deposits in the proximal area of the volcano are divided into five distinct units (unit L1, L2, and A through C, from oldest to youngest). Unit L1 is an older lahar deposit that underlies the 1926 deposits. The 1926 sequence consists of debris avalanche deposits (unit A and C), a laminated sandy debris flow deposit (unit B), and a lahar deposit including scoria clasts (unit L2). Each unit contains hydrothermally altered rocks and clay material with more than 5 wt.% fragments smaller than 2mm in diameter. The progressive thermal demagnetization experiments show that the natural remanent magnetization (NRM) of all samples in unit A, B and C have a stable single or multi-component magnetization. The emplacement temperatures are estimated to be normal temperatures to 620℃ for unit A, 300 to 450℃ for unit B, and normal temperature to 500℃ for unit C. On the basis of geological and paleomagnetic data and old documents, a sequence for the eruption and the mechanism of formation and emplacement of the Taisho lahar can be reconstructed. The first eruption at 12: 11 May 24th triggered a small lahar (unit L2). Collapse of central crater at 16:17 May 24th 1926 then resulted in a debris avalanche containing highly altered hydrothermal rocks with hot temperatures ranging from 300 to 620℃ (unit A). The debris avalanche flowed down the slope of the volcano, bulldozing and trapping snow. Immediately following the collapse, a hot (approximately 400℃) hydrothermal surge (unit B) melted snow and transformed into a lahar causing significant damage and deaths in the towns downstream. Just after the generation of the lahar, another collapse occurred at the crater causing another debris avalanche (unit C).