著者

木村 真三 三浦 善憲 クマール サフー・サラタ 遠藤 暁

出版者

獨協医科大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2010

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本研究では、経済的・政治的理由からチェルノブイリ汚染地域に取り残された住民の健康影響を調査するため環境放射能調査、食事調査、罹患率調査を行った。その結果、事故当時、土壌汚染レベルから空間線量率は350μSv/h~5μSv/hと推定された。内部被ばくの汚染ルートは、牛乳、キノコ、ベリー類であり、僅かではあるがパンも汚染源のひとつであった。また、これらの地域では汚染度の違いにより、汚染が高いほど妊婦の貧血が有意に上昇していることが確認された。

著者

岡田 勇 楯 博 三浦 善憲 下村 義夫 永田 捷一 松井 邦義 海川 猛司 TAKAKU Tomoharu

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, pp.146-156, 1975

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From the results of the investigation of 80 serious patients, mentally and physically handicapped, in our national sanatorium in Kofu City, Yamanashi Prefecture and 2, 716 patients abstracted from all the other national sanatoria in Japan, the following conclusions were drawn. 1) By ages, of the 80 patients in our sanatorium those of 1014 years stand first in number (45.00%) and those of 1519 years stand second (22.50%), while of the 2, 716 patients from all the other national sanatoria those of 5-9 years stand first (39.7%) and those of 1014 years stand second (29.3%). Nevertheless, the investigation of our patients was made in the 50th year of Showa and that of the latter patients was made in the 45th year of Showa. Accordingly, the age-composition of the two groups of patients is the same in reality. 2) By causes, in our sanatorium, cerebral palsy stands first in number (65.00%), the after-effects of encephalitis and cerebrospinal meingitis stand second (13.75%), and follow the after-effct of nucleojaundice (8.75%) and microcephaly (7.50%). In the other sanatoria, cerebral palsy stands first (64.9%), the after-effects of encephalitis and cerebrospinal meningitis stand second (13.0%), and follow the after-effect of nucleojaundice (7.9%) and microcephaly (5.9%). Namely, the order of causes is about the same in both cases. 3) As to evacuation, 95.0% of our patients and 96.5% of the others need to be tended.Namely, , both rates are almost the same. 4) As to communication, 17.5% of our patients and 17.3% of the others can speak a little. Namely, both rates are almost the same. 5) As to eatiny, 86.25% of our patients and 81.4% of the others need to be tended. Namely, both rates are about the same. 6) As to bodily movement, 47.50% of our patients and 32.9% of the others keep their beds. This shows that our patients are more severely handicapped than the others. 7) As to complications, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, fever in summer, skin disease and symtoms of digestive organs rank high both in our sanatorium and in the other sanatoria. As mentioned above, the age-composition and the conditions of our patients are almost the same as those of the other patients, except that the grade of physical handicap of the former is higher than that of the latter. Generally speaking, more time is spent in their living guidance than in their medical treatment. Consequently, nurses are occupied in work of tendance rather than in their proper work of nusying. On the 1st of August, 1973, we made researches on the time of living of 10 nurses working in the ward of the physically and mentally handicapped of our sanatorium, of 10 nurses in the medical ward of the national hospital, and of 10 nurses in the medical ward of the pref ectural hospital in the same city, with the following results. The total time of nursing, housekeeping, and cooking spent by our nurses, by those of the national hospital, and by those of the prefectural hospital is 12 hours and 3 minutes, 10 hours and 53 minutes, and 10 hours and 33 minutes respectively. Namely, the working time of our nurses is the longest and that of those of the pref ectural hospital is the shortest. Moreover, the nurses of our sanatorium are older and those of the other are younger. The time of nursing is comparatively short and that of housekeeping is long in the former, while the time of nursing is long and that of housekeeping is short in the latter. Namely, they are antipodal. This fact is worthy of note, considering the problem of lumbago. By substance of the working time in hospital, the time of medical care, is I hour and 9 minutes, that is, the shortest, in our sanatorium, 3 hours and 38 minutes in the national hospital, and 3 hours and 48 minutes, that is, the longest, in the pref ectural hospital. The time of tendance in eating and excretion is 2 hours and 34 minutes, that is, the longest, in our sanatorium, 28 minutes in the

著者

木村 真三 三浦 善憲 高辻 俊宏 三宅 晋司 佐藤 斉 遠藤 暁 中野 正博

出版者

獨協医科大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2013-04-01

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チェルノブイリ原発事故発生から30年後の被災地域において、一年間にわたってホールボディカウンタによる住民の内部被ばく調査、陰膳法による食事調査を行い、関連を分析。内部被ばく調査では、予備調査で最大23,788Bq/body, 本調査で最大7,437Bq/bodyの放射能が確認され、冬季は高く、夏季は低い傾向がみられた。食事調査では、年間合計で1,446サンプルを分析。森林由来のキノコ、ベリー類や牛乳で高い放射能が確認され、最大は乾燥キノコで24,257Bq/kgであった。30年経過時点でも食事から放射性物質を取り込んでいる実態が明らかになり、食生活の観点から被ばく予防を行う必要性が確認された。