著者

吉武 久美子

出版者

長崎純心大学・長崎純心大学短期大学部

雑誌

純心人文研究 (ISSN:13412027)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.17-24, 2001-03-15

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The study investigated the effects of anxiety and public self-consciousness as a self-handicapping behavior occurs. The results were as follows: The subjects with high public self-consciousness chose more self-handicapping strategies than those with low public self-consciousness. And the subjects under low anxiety showed moderate performance. While the subjects under high anxiety that chose self-handicapping behaviors showed low performance, those under high anxiety that didn't choose self-handicapping behaviors showed high performance. It was suggested that the effects of anxiety and relationships between anxiety, self- handicapping, and performance.

著者

吉武 久美子

出版者

長崎純心大学

雑誌

奨励研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

1994

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子どもにおける、皆と同じでという自己の同調性の大きさや、自己と違う相手を認めるという異質性の受容力の少なさなど、現在の少子の問題について、本年度は主に、家庭という場面を取り上げて検討を行った。対象は保育所、幼稚園に通っている3才から5才の子どもとその親であった。方法は質問紙調査と対面調査を用いた。まず、「自分と違う」相手の気持ちを推し量るという共感性の発達について、少子時代の現代、兄弟の有無や親の関わり方によって違いがあるかを検討した。一人っ子、年下の兄弟のいない末っ子、年下の兄弟のいる子などで共感性の高さに違いはなかった。しかし、親が子供に絵本の読み聞かせや会話を通してコミュニケーションをしている場合には、自分の感情とは異なる他人の感情の類推という共感性能力が高かった。次に、他者と同じでありたいという同調行動について調べたところ、すでに、3才から5才の子どもたちにすでにその同調行動が生じていることがわかった。特に、実際に他者(保育所では他の幼児)が存在して行動する場合に同じ行動をとろうとするだけでなく、実際に他者がいなくても、「お友達は……していたよ」という口頭での情報を与えられるのみで、子どもは自分の行動を他者と同じ方向へ変えることが大変多く見られることから、低年齢の幼児における同調性の強さがわかった。さらに、親の影響の中でも、現代の少子家庭は、祖父母等、親に代わる人間の存在も少ないため、父親の育児参加の影響力は大きく、父親が育児に参加してないと認知する母親は、育児に対する認知もネガティブであり、それが、さらに少子の社会心理的発達に影響を及ぼすことが示唆された。

著者

小泉 奈央 吉武 久美子

出版者

長崎純心大学・長崎純心大学短期大学部

雑誌

純心現代福祉研究 (ISSN:13421506)

巻号頁・発行日

no.12, pp.61-75, 2008

被引用文献数

1

著者

吉武 久美子

出版者

The Japanese Group Dynamics Association

雑誌

実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.65-69, 1989-08-20 (Released:2010-02-26)

参考文献数

7

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This experiment was conducted to compare the conformity rates in the case of the suddenly formed consensus and in that of the gradually formed consensus in elective task. Moreover, the effects of public self-consciousness scores in conformity were tested. Subjects were 35 (10 males and 25 females) college students. The results were as follows. The conformity rates under the suddenly formed consensus condition were higher than that under the gradually formed consensus condition. However, follow ing the experiment, no difference was found between the suddenly formed consensus condition and the gradually formed consensus condition with regard to the amount of private acceptance. And High public self-consciousness scorers conformed more than low scorers.

著者

吉武 久美子

出版者

日本医学哲学・倫理学会

雑誌

医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.63-72, 2011-09-30 (Released:2018-02-01)

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In consensus building process in medicine, it is crucial for its participants to understand why each of the stakeholders has his/her opinion. The aim of this paper is to develop the notion of "reason of opinion" and to propose the idea of "history of reason" to understand what a satisfactory consensus is in conflict resolution in medicine. The notion and the idea contain four factors, that is, 1) when one started to form the reason of an opinion, 2) how one formed the reason, 3) what the relationship between the present opinion and its reason is, and 4) what kind of result is supposed to come out after the decision. Knowing the stakeholder's history of reason makes it possible 1) for stakeholders to understand more deeply the patient's needs and to find the better solution for the situation, 2) for the patient to become aware of his/her own sense of value and to confirm what he/she expects after the decision, 3) for all the stakeholders to decrease the risk of misunderstanding and to share their expectations, 4) and for them to find the way to the final solution. This new approach, which includes the notions of the history of reason and the expectation in stakeholders, leads to the way to integrate both the evidence based medicine and the narrative based medicine.

著者

吉武 久美子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.5, pp.295-298, 1988-12-31 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

7

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This experiment was conducted to assess the influence of respose patterns of revolters on conformity. The subjects were 39 undergraduate students who were given an opinion task for 12 trials. They were divided into the successive and intermittent revolution conditions, in which revolters emerged from the group successively after consensus trials and intermittently, respectively. Under the successive revolution condition the conformity rate on revolter-emergent trials were significantly lower than that for consensus trials, while under the intermittent revolution condition the conformity rates on revolter-emergent trials and on consensus trials were not significantly different. After the experiment the subjects were asked to indicate their private opinions. Subjects in the successive revolution condition indicated fewer conforming opinions than those in the intermittent revolution condition, It was concluded that with the same number of revolters and of revolutions effects of revolters vary according to their emergence pattern.

著者

吉武 久美子

出版者

The Japanese Group Dynamics Association

雑誌

実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.163-169, 1988

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This experiment was conducted to assess the recall scores of own and others' responses between conformers and non-conformers or between specialists and non-specialists. Fifty-six female college students (27 were music majors and 29 were not) were given a classical music task for 9 trials in which 6 trials were critical. After the task they were asked to write all of ownand others' responses during the task. Nonconformers recalled own and others' responses much more than conformers. And specialists recalled them much more than non-specialists. These results were discussed from the view point of tension reduction theory.