著者

仲村 康秀 松岡 數充 今井 一郎 石井 健一郎 桑田 晃 河地 正伸 木元 克典 鈴木 紀毅 佐野 雅美 José M. Landeira 宮本 洋臣 西川 淳 西田 周平

出版者

日本プランクトン学会

雑誌

日本プランクトン学会報 (ISSN:03878961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.1, pp.22-40, 2019-02-25 (Released:2019-02-28)

参考文献数

137

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Plankton are aquatic organisms unable to swim against the current, and they include diverse taxa of different phylogenetic origins. The taxonomy, phylogeny and ecology of nine plankton groups are reviewed in this paper, in order to comprehensively understand the latest information and current situation of plankton studies. The order-level classification of dinoflagellates was re-arranged, but the classification system is still not well organized at the family-level. The taxonomy of raphidophytes and dictyochophytes was partly confused, however, molecular studies provided clear categorization between these groups. The diatoms could be identified by observing some important morphological characteristics. Yet, these characteristics are sometimes not observable because of inappropriate specimen treatments, and furthermore, the morphological terms are not enough unified, resulting that the species-level identification is complicated and difficult. Recent studies revealed the cryptic diversity and high abundance of some microalgae, such as haptophytes and prasinophytes. The diversity and ecology of planktonic foraminifers have been clarified, but those of radiolarians and phaeodarians are still wrapped in mystery. The classification needs to be re-arranged especially for collodarians, phaeodarians and acantharians. The phylogeny of copepods has been elucidated, and this group was re-classified into 10 orders. Future studies should clarify their evolutionary process and create useful databases for easier identification. The methods to reveal the larva-adult correspondence are established for decapods, and further clarification of the correspondence is expected. The classification system of chaetognaths has been updated, and the intra-species diversity is also being studied. The species diversity of scyphozoans has not been well clarified especially for deep-sea species, and their classification still involves problems such as cryptic species. The dataset including DNA sequences and different types of images (taken in the field and under the microscope, etc.) should be accumulated for comparing the data from different methods (e.g., direct microscopy, optics-based survey and environmental DNA analysis).

著者

西田 周平 西川 淳 大塚 攻 澤本 彰三 佐野 雅美 宮本 洋臣 MULYADI RUMENGAN Inneke FM YUSOFF Fatimah MD ROSS Othman BH SRINUI Khwanruan SATAPOOMIN Suree NGUYEN Thi Thu NGUYEN Cho CAMPOS Wilfredo L. METILLO Ephrime

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2010-04-01

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全海洋中で最も生物多様性が大きいが、人間活動や気候変動の影響も顕在化しつつある東南アジアの沿岸生態系を対象とし、動物プランクトンの種多様性に関する定量的知見を拡充した。既存試料の分類学的、遺伝学的、生態学的分析と補足的現地調査により、約20種の未知のカイアシ類を発見・記載し、既知種にも遺伝的に分化した隠蔽種が存在することを見いだした。また、既存の試・資料の分析・整理により新たに約16,000件の定量分布データを電子化した。ヤムシ類については、インド太平洋海域における種多様性の分布を明らかにするとともに、環境要因から種多様性(種数、多様度)を推定するためのモデルを作成・公表した。