著者

小川 時洋 松田 いづみ 常岡 充子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.4, pp.426-432, 2019 (Released:2019-10-25)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3

---

Few studies have examined serial physiological variations during the concealed information test (CIT). This study analyzed both pre- and post-stimulus physiological measures from a CIT experiment under knowledgeable and unknowledgeable conditions. The physiological measures assessed in both the pre- and post- stimulus phases included skin conductance level (SCL), normalized pulse volume (NPV), and heart rate (HR). Moreover, skin conductance response (SCR) was assessed in the post-stimulus phase. The results showed that the post-stimulus SCL and SCR and post-stimulus NPV in the knowledgeable condition differed not only between the relevant and irrelevant CIT items but also between the irrelevant items that were presented before and after the relevant items. In both knowledgeable and unknowledgeable conditions, physiological activities and reactivity were higher at early positions than at late ones. However, in the knowledgeable conditions, serial positions of the relevant items modulated this tendency, such that physiological activities were maintained until the relevant item was presented and then declined afterwards. The practical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.

著者

小川 時洋 松田 いづみ 常岡 充子

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本法科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:18801323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.35-44, 2013 (Released:2013-02-20)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

10 12

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Currently, polygraph examinations in Japan use the concealed information test (CIT) to determine whether a suspect knows specific details of a crime. The present study examined the accuracy of the CIT as a memory detection technique in a mock-theft experiment. Participants were randomly assigned to either an encoding or non-encoding group. An expert polygrapher who was not informed of the group assignments, conducted a CIT that consisted of two questions. One inquired about a card number chosen by the participant, and the other regarded an item that had been stolen. Analyses focused on the second question. Roughly 20% of cases were judged inconclusive while sensitivity and specificity for the remaining cases were 86% and 95%, respectively. Analysis was repeated using modified Lykken scoring, and rates of inconclusive cases, sensitivity, and specificity by this method were 25%, 83%, and 91%, respectively.

著者

小川 時洋 飯田 沙依亜

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.83-88, 2015-01-01 (Released:2015-04-11)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

1

---

The prescriptive definition of “emotion” has still kept absent even though the number of research into emotion increases steadily. To think whether the established definition of emotion was needed or not, we discussed possible problems caused by the lack of definition of emotion. First discussion focused problems about definition of emotion that emphasizes specific components of emotion. Then, complicated relationship between emotion and cognition was reviewed. This review showed the problems caused by inconsistent conceptualization and blurred boundary, and tried to illustrate ambiguity of the term emotion. Conceptual ambiguity might lead to vacuity of theoretical debate and research. In addition, we focused on the context-dependency of the emotion, and suggested that the context-dependent usage could impede conceptual development for proper description of behavior. Finally, we concluded that the lack of definition of emotion should limit the progress of the research in this domain at least potentially. To establish the prescriptive definition of emotion in the near future, paying more attention to the context information where the emotion exists, the cautious use of the term emotion was suggested.

著者

小川 時洋 松田 いづみ 常岡 充子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.91.19016, (Released:2020-09-15)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2

---

The present study focused on temporal changes of physiological activities within trials during the concealed information test (CIT). Participants were assigned to two groups with an inter-stimulus interval (ISI) of 50 or 25 seconds in the CIT. A relevant item was a piece of jewelry that a participant stole in the preceding mock theft task. Measures were skin conductance level (SCL), skin conductance response (SCR), heart rate (HR), normalized pulse volume (NPV), and self-reported arousal and surprise. The results showed that physiological changes in response to irrelevant items tended to return to pre-stimulus levels within 25 seconds. Physiological recoveries were slower for SCL and HR but faster for NPV for the relevant item than for irrelevant items. Pre-stimulus physiological levels were maintained until the relevant item was presented and then declined, which was similar to the peak of tension effect. Results in the self-reported measures were in line with the physiological measures. Practical and theoretical implications were discussed.

著者

小川 時洋 松田 いづみ 常岡 充子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.18315, (Released:2019-07-10)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3

---

Few studies have examined serial physiological variations during the concealed information test (CIT). This study analyzed both pre- and post-stimulus physiological measures from a CIT experiment under knowledgeable and unknowledgeable conditions. The physiological measures assessed in both the pre- and post- stimulus phases included skin conductance level (SCL), normalized pulse volume (NPV), and heart rate (HR). Moreover, skin conductance response (SCR) was assessed in the post-stimulus phase. The results showed that the post-stimulus SCL and SCR and post-stimulus NPV in the knowledgeable condition differed not only between the relevant and irrelevant CIT items but also between the irrelevant items that were presented before and after the relevant items. In both knowledgeable and unknowledgeable conditions, physiological activities and reactivity were higher at early positions than at late ones. However, in the knowledgeable conditions, serial positions of the relevant items modulated this tendency, such that physiological activities were maintained until the relevant item was presented and then declined afterwards. The practical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.

著者

小川 時洋 松田 いづみ 常岡 充子

出版者

Japanese Society for Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology

雑誌

生理心理学と精神生理学 (ISSN:02892405)

巻号頁・発行日

2015

被引用文献数

2

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隠匿情報検査(CIT)時の生理反応の特徴は,この分野の研究トピックスであり続けている。本研究では,関連項目の数が1個の場合と複数ある場合とで,生理反応および自己報告された感情を比較した。実験参加者は,模擬窃盗でアクセサリーを1個ないし3個盗むことを求められた。また,色の名前を示すカードを3枚ないし1枚,ブラインドで選択するよう求められた。次に実験参加者は,盗んだアクセサリーもしくは選んだ色の名前を尋ねるCITを受けた。生理測度における関連-非関連項目の差異は,関連項目が3個の場合には,関連項目が1個の場合に比べて小さくなった。自己報告測度は,実験参加者が関連項目提示時に驚きや緊張を感じていたことを示した。しかしながら,質問中の関連項目の数は,自己報告尺度の感情には影響しなかった。これらの結果は,CITの項目を感情喚起刺激とするプロセスの存在を示唆する。

著者

等々力 奈都 前野 なつ美 杉野 信太郎 國島 茉由 安田 優子 前田 里沙 佐名 龍太 森 泰斗 常岡 充子 小川 時洋

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本法科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:18801323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.161-176, 2022 (Released:2022-07-31)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2

---

The concealed information test (CIT) is an information detection technique measuring differential responses of the autonomic nervous system caused by the knowledge of crime-related information. The purpose of this study is to compare physiological responses caused by crime-related knowledge with those caused by a questioning voice with a deviant pitch in the CIT and to research whether there is any difference between these responses. Participants were assigned to one of three groups: a “knowledgeable” group, an “unknowledgeable” group, and a “deviant-sound” group in which the unknowledgeable participants received a deviant-sound question of a crime relevant item. Each participant chose one of the two envelopes that manipulate to assign the participant to the predetermined group. The envelopes for the knowledgeable group contained instructions with the role of the thief and the item related to the theft, and the envelopes for the unknowledgeable group and a deviant-sound group contained instructions with the role of the innocent. Participants are asked to hide their roles and undergo the CIT. The knowledgeable group and deviant-sound group showed increased electrodermal activity, low heart rate (HR) and low normalized pulse volume (NPV) for relevant items. In the deviant-sound group, there was no suppression of respiration, and low HR appeared earlier compared to the knowledgeable group. The differential responses on thoracic respiratory speed and HR were consistently observed across question repetitions in the knowledgeable group, while the differential responses on skin conductance response, HR and NPV decreased along with question repetitions in the deviant-sound group. The different patterns of differential physiological responses found in the knowledgeable group and the deviant sound group suggested the possibility of distinguishing these two groups. In particular, the suppression of respiration caused by the crime-relevant item may be characteristic of knowledgeable persons. The practical implications are discussed.

著者

小川 時洋 廣田 昭久 松田 いづみ

出版者

日本基礎心理学会

雑誌

基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.167-171, 2008-03-31 (Released:2016-12-01)

---

Twenty-four male participants studied five consonant alphabets. They then performed an Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) that combined a recognition judgment (old vs. new) and a valence judgment (pleasant vs. unpleasant). Faster and more accurate responses were observed when old judgments and pleasant judgments share a same response key than when old judgments and unpleasant judgments share a same response key. These results indicated that the studied items were associated with a positive evaluation. The results were discussed in terms of related phenomena, such as a mere acceptance effect. Some theoretical implications about the relationship between memory and affect were also discussed.

著者

小川 時洋 門地 里絵 菊谷 麻美 鈴木 直人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.3, pp.241-246, 2000-08-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

47 38

---

This study aimed at developing a self report instrument of general mood states which was brief and easy to administer for Japanese respondents. Four studies were conducted. In Study 1, we administered some existing mood questionnaires in order to select appropriate items from them. Factor analysis using oblique roration yielded eight factors. Following Study 2 and 3, we developed an instrument called the General Affect Scales with three 8-item subscales: positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), and calmness (CA). The reliability and the validity of each scale were then investigated. It was shown that the subscales except the CA are highly internally consistent and factorially valid. Finally, these subscales were compared with other mood scales in Study 4.

著者

小川 時洋

出版者

日本基礎心理学会

雑誌

基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.31-35, 2002-09-30 (Released:2016-11-18)

---

This study investigated the nature of visual orienting triggered by gaze perception using the spatial cuing procedure in research of spatial attention. A schematic face looking left or right was used as cuing stimuli to induce visual orienting. Pupils of the face were removed except at cuing. Participants were asked to locate the target appeared left or right of the face. Stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between a cue and the target was also manipulated. For the relatively short SOAs (100 ms, 300 ms), the response time to the target was faster when the direction of the gaze was consistent with that of the target than when it was not. For the long SOAs (700 ms, 1000 ms), on the other hand, a small but significant amount of inhibition of return (i. e., a slowing response toward the gaze-congruent target) was observed. Some theoretical implications for the nature of gaze perception and spatial attention were discussed.

著者

松田 いづみ 廣田 昭久 小川 時洋

出版者

日本生理心理学会

雑誌

生理心理学と精神生理学 (ISSN:02892405)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.43-50, 2017-04-30 (Released:2019-03-26)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

2

---

隠匿情報検査では,被検査者が犯罪関連情報を認識しているかを調べる。本研究では,隠匿情報検査において,鼻尖部の皮膚血流量を測った。参加者20名が,犯罪関連項目を認識している条件としていない条件で隠匿情報検査を受けた。鼻尖血流量は,認識がある項目に対して,認識がない項目に対してよりも低下した。この鼻尖血流量の時間的な変化は,隠匿情報検査の既存の指標である指尖血流量とは異なっていた。また,鼻尖血流量により,各参加者の犯罪関連情報に対する認識の有無を有意に正しく判定できた。本研究の結果は,鼻尖血流量が隠匿情報検査の新たな指標になりうることを示している。

著者

小川 時洋 飯田 沙依亜

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.83-88, 2015

---

The prescriptive definition of “emotion” has still kept absent even though the number of research into emotion increases steadily. To think whether the established definition of emotion was needed or not, we discussed possible problems caused by the lack of definition of emotion. First discussion focused problems about definition of emotion that emphasizes specific components of emotion. Then, complicated relationship between emotion and cognition was reviewed. This review showed the problems caused by inconsistent conceptualization and blurred boundary, and tried to illustrate ambiguity of the term emotion. Conceptual ambiguity might lead to vacuity of theoretical debate and research. In addition, we focused on the context-dependency of the emotion, and suggested that the context-dependent usage could impede conceptual development for proper description of behavior. Finally, we concluded that the lack of definition of emotion should limit the progress of the research in this domain at least potentially. To establish the prescriptive definition of emotion in the near future, paying more attention to the context information where the emotion exists, the cautious use of the term emotion was suggested.

著者

小川 時洋 鈴木 直人

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.70-77, 1998-03-31 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

2 1 1

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本研究は,Murphy&Zajonc(1993)の報告する閾下感情的プライミング現象と,その生起に関わる要因を検討することを目的として行った。実験1では先行研究に準じた,プライムの閾下提示群,閾上提示群を形成して実験を行った。その結果,閾上提示群では,ターゲットの評価がプライムの誘意性に左右される強いプライミング効果が見られたが,閾下提示条件では見られなかった。実験2は,実験1の結果を踏まえ,プライムの存在に対する被験者のアウェアネスの役割を検討し,プライムが見えていることが効果の生起に決定的な役割を果たすことを示唆する結果が得られた。実験3および実験4は,閾下刺激の効果に焦点をあて,ターゲット刺激の特性,試行間間隔,プライム刺激提示時の視角,同一ターゲソトの反復提示などの要因を統制した。しかしながら,実験3,および実験4のどちらにおいても閾下プライミング効果は見出されず,先行研究の一般性に疑義を呈する結果となった。