著者

山梨 裕美 小倉 匡俊 森村 成樹 林 美里 友永 雅己

出版者

日本家畜管理学会

雑誌

日本家畜管理学会誌・応用動物行動学会誌 (ISSN:18802133)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.73-84, 2016-06-25 (Released:2016-12-27)

参考文献数

73

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母子分離は心身の健全な発達を妨げることが知られてきた。特に大型類人猿など、成育期間が長く幼少期の母子の結びつきが強い動物種においては影響が大きい。実際に人工保育されたチンパンジーは交尾や子育て行動が適切に発現できない、社会行動が変容するなど一生を通じた影響がみられる。そのため動物福祉・保全の観点から、不必要な人工保育は避けるべきである。またたとえ人工保育をおこなったとしても、できる限り早く群れに戻すことが必要であり、そうした事例が蓄積されている。しかしエンターテイメントショーには母子分離や人工保育を助長しやすい問題点が存在し、さらに動物の正しい理解が伝わらない問題点が指摘されている。今後、科学的な知見をもとにしたチンパンジーに適した飼育管理を推進するためには、人工保育やその後の群れ復帰などに関する基準の議論や施設間が連携して問題解決にあたれるような体制づくりなどが重要である。

著者

山梨 裕美 徳山 奈帆子 赤見 理恵 松阪 崇久 北出 智美 徐 沈文 林 美里 白井 啓 諸坂 佐利

出版者

一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.37.007, (Released:2021-06-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

著者

山梨 裕美 徳山 奈帆子 赤見 理恵 乾 真子 土手 結月 石井 愛夏 佐々木 伶奈 松浦 有花 高野 華花 奥村 逞人 池田 義知

出版者

一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.38.019, (Released:2022-11-18)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

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Live pet trade has become one of the greatest threats to wild primate populations. Many primates were imported to Japan, and the country is considered to be a large pet primates market. Among the primates, slow lorises (Nycticebus spp.) were among the most popular species for live pet trade. However, there is not much awareness in Japan about the problems associated with live pet trade, especially among the young generation. In this study, a comic book about slow lorises was created, and its effectiveness as a teaching material for young people was evaluated. The participants, who answered an online survey, included 596 high school students from two high schools in Osaka, Japan. The participants accessed a comic book, short text, or long text, which served as teaching materials, and answered several questions before and after reading the materials such as their experience with pet primates and awareness of the problems. The results revealed that although the participants’ awareness related to infectious diseases, animal welfare, and conservation increased after reading any of the three teaching materials, the comic book did not increase their awareness more than the texts. Approximately 75 % of the participants found each of the materials interesting. Furthermore, approximately between 32.0 and 40.9% of respondents were willing to share information directly with others and between 14.5 and 16.5% of those with SNS (Social Network Service). No differences were found among the three conditions. In addition, while actual experience with primate pets prevented them from promoting awareness about the problem, their level of interest toward animals and experience with primate pets in SNS did not reveal such an effect. These results suggest the importance of providing information, but effective ways to convey information requires further investigation.

著者

山梨 裕美 徳山 奈帆子 竹ノ下 祐二 大塚 亮真 森村 成樹 赤見 理恵

出版者

一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.37.046, (Released:2021-11-22)

参考文献数

18

著者

山梨 裕美 徳山 奈帆子 赤見 理恵 乾 真子 土手 結月 石井 愛夏 佐々木 伶奈 松浦 有花 高野 華花 奥村 逞人 池田 義知

出版者

一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.99-109, 2022-12-09 (Released:2022-12-10)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

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Live pet trade has become one of the greatest threats to wild primate populations. Many primates were imported to Japan, and the country is considered to be a large pet primates market. Among the primates, slow lorises (Nycticebus spp.) were among the most popular species for live pet trade. However, there is not much awareness in Japan about the problems associated with live pet trade, especially among the young generation. In this study, a comic book about slow lorises was created, and its effectiveness as a teaching material for young people was evaluated. The participants, who answered an online survey, included 596 high school students from two high schools in Osaka, Japan. The participants accessed a comic book, short text, or long text, which served as teaching materials, and answered several questions before and after reading the materials such as their experience with pet primates and awareness of the problems. The results revealed that although the participants’ awareness related to infectious diseases, animal welfare, and conservation increased after reading any of the three teaching materials, the comic book did not increase their awareness more than the texts. Approximately 75 % of the participants found each of the materials interesting. Furthermore, approximately between 32.0 and 40.9% of respondents were willing to share information directly with others and between 14.5 and 16.5% of those with SNS (Social Network Service). No differences were found among the three conditions. In addition, while actual experience with primate pets prevented them from promoting awareness about the problem, their level of interest toward animals and experience with primate pets in SNS did not reveal such an effect. These results suggest the importance of providing information, but effective ways to convey information requires further investigation.

著者

狩野 文浩 佐藤 侑太郎 山梨 裕美

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.71.1.1, (Released:2021-01-14)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

3

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We introduce a unique art-science collaboration project organized by contemporary artists and comparative psychologists at Kyoto City Zoo in 2019. The objectives of this project were to evaluate how chimpanzees and humans respond to movies created by professional artists and to contribute to an outreach event at the zoo by demonstrating the entire research process to the public. We asked the artists to make short movies 'for chimpanzees' and presented those movies to chimpanzee and human participants while tracking the participants' eye movements using an eye-tracker. Both chimpanzees and humans looked at similar elements of movies, such as appearance of animal figures, targets of actions, and the center of abstract concentric figures. The differences between chimpanzees and humans were also pronounced; for example, human showed strong 'center bias' by keeping their gaze around the center of the screen, while chimpanzee did so to a lesser extent. This study not only offered comparative knowledge about responses to (artistic) movies in chimpanzees and humans but demonstrated how non-scientists can learn comparative psychology through an outreach project.

著者

岡 桃子 山梨 裕美 岡部 光太 松永 雅之 平田 聡

出版者

動物の行動と管理学会

雑誌

動物の行動と管理学会誌 (ISSN:24350397)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.107-116, 2019-09-30 (Released:2019-11-01)

参考文献数

25

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飼育下の大型ネコ科動物で問題とされている常同歩行の発現には環境エンリッチメント(以下エンリッチメント)の有無や来園者の影響など複数の要因が絡んでいると考えられるが、複合的な検討は行われていない。そこで本研究ではエンリッチメントの有効性及び来園者数と気温がトラの行動に与える影響について検証した。京都市動物園で飼育されているアムールトラ3頭を対象とし、 3分毎の瞬間サンプリングを用いて行動を記録した。放飼場内に設置するエンリッチメントの種類が多いと、トラの常同歩行頻度は有意に減少し(P < 0.05)、エンリッチメントの利用頻度が有意に増加した(P < 0.01)。複数のエンリッチメントの設置はトラの常同歩行の抑制に効果的であり、探索行動や捕食行動等多様な行動を引き出す上で有用であることが示唆された。また来園者の存在によって、トラの休息頻度が増加、エンリッチメントの利用頻度が低下する可能性があると考えられた。

著者

岡 桃子 山梨 裕美 岡部 光太 松永 雅之 平田 聡

出版者

動物の行動と管理学会

雑誌

動物の行動と管理学会誌 (ISSN:18802133)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.107-116, 2019

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<p>飼育下の大型ネコ科動物で問題とされている常同歩行の発現には環境エンリッチメント(以下エンリッチメント)の有無や来園者の影響など複数の要因が絡んでいると考えられるが、複合的な検討は行われていない。そこで本研究ではエンリッチメントの有効性及び来園者数と気温がトラの行動に与える影響について検証した。京都市動物園で飼育されているアムールトラ3頭を対象とし、 3分毎の瞬間サンプリングを用いて行動を記録した。放飼場内に設置するエンリッチメントの種類が多いと、トラの常同歩行頻度は有意に減少し(<i>P</i> < 0.05)、エンリッチメントの利用頻度が有意に増加した(<i>P </i>< 0.01)。複数のエンリッチメントの設置はトラの常同歩行の抑制に効果的であり、探索行動や捕食行動等多様な行動を引き出す上で有用であることが示唆された。また来園者の存在によって、トラの休息頻度が増加、エンリッチメントの利用頻度が低下する可能性があると考えられた。</p>

著者

山梨 裕美 櫻庭 陽子

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.187-203, 2019 (Released:2019-12-18)

参考文献数

109

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With the accumulation of knowledge regarding sociality of animals, social enrichment is regarded as one of the most important part of captive animal care. Although the basic knowledge has been accumulated, sociality involves complex issues. Moreover, practical methodologies for social management remain controversial. In this paper, we overview the current studies and practices of social management on four great ape species (chimpanzees, western lowland gorillas, and Bornean and Sumatran orangutans) housed in Japanese zoos to advance the sociality discussion. We first describe the fundamentals of sociality in animals. Then we explore important topics of sociality, including social relationships in captivity, all male group formation in chimpanzees and gorillas, group living in orangutans, and welfare of disabled and geriatric individuals. Although the number of sociality studies has recently increased, to maximize the positive effects of captive social living, more detailed understanding of the effects of social factors on animals using scientific methodologies is important.

著者

山梨 裕美

出版者

日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.23-32, 2019-06-20 (Released:2019-07-12)

参考文献数

71

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Both general and academic attention toward animal welfare has been increasing and the importance of scientific investigation into welfare states of captive animals is being recognized. One of the big questions in scientific studies of animal welfare is how we can assess animal welfare in an objective manner, and this is an intensively debated topic. In this paper, I reviewed the studies on captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in order to discuss the methodologies used to assess welfare states and introduce studies that have investigated how social environments affect chimpanzee welfare by combining behavioral and hair cortisol (HC) measurements. Recently, cortisol accumulated in the hair of animals has been considered as an indicator of the long-term hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. From a welfare perspective, long-term stress is more problematic than acute stress as it is challenging for animals to experience distress over a long period and long-term activation of the HPA axis can result in overall health deterioration. A series of studies on captive chimpanzees show that HC is useful for monitoring the long-term stress levels in captive chimpanzees. Furthermore, using the novel measure of long-term stress, I found that the stress level of male chimpanzees is affected by social variables and that male chimpanzees use social play as a means to reduce social tension. Although scientific investigation of animal welfare is still not a prevalent practice in Japan, it is a promising area of study both for improving animal welfare and deepening our understanding about animals.