著者

島田 洋子 伊藤 慶彦 米田 稔 森澤 眞輔

出版者

一般社団法人日本リスク学会

雑誌

日本リスク研究学会誌 (ISSN:09155465)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.25-32, 2012 (Released:2012-07-26)

参考文献数

37

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Before the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident, radionuclide like 137Cs released from atmospheric nuclear detonation tests and the Chernobyl accident has been transported worldwide in the environment and finally taken up by humans through various pathways. In this research, dietary intake of 137Cs and the health risks caused by prolonged radioactive global environment contamination were evaluated age-dependently for the reference Japanese since 1945 until 2010 by using the mathematical model for the evaluation of global distribution of 137Cs with food ingestion and domestic and international food supply model. The model estimates were compared with the monitoring data of 137Cs in Japanese total diet and 137Cs concentration in food as an attempt at validation. The results of this evaluation would be useful for understanding the background situations without the Fukushima accident and give important information for the radiological health risk assessment of the accident.

著者

森澤 眞輔 鬼頭 牧子 島田 洋子 米田 稔

出版者

一般社団法人 日本原子力学会

雑誌

日本原子力学会誌 (ISSN:00047120)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.9, pp.951-959, 2000-09-30 (Released:2010-03-08)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3 2

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The mathematical model was developed for evaluating a fallout 90Sr accumulation in Japanese bone through its dietary intake, and was validated by comparing the estimates of 90Sr concentration in bone with the observed. The mortality risk by the radiation-induced leukemia and bone cancer was evaluated based on the NUREG/CR4214 model. The main results obtained in this study under the limited assumptions are as follows: (1) The mathematical model was developed to relate 90Sr concentration in an environment with the mortality risk due to the radiation-induced leukemia and bone cancer through dietary intake of fallout 90Sr. (2) The leukemia mortality risk due to the fallout 90Sr is about one order larger than the bone cancer mortalit risk, and is evaluated to be larger than 10-6 for Japanese who were born before early 1970' (3) The leukemia mortality risk due to the fallout 90Sr is about 10% level in 1992 of the leukemia mortality risk expected by the benzene in ambient air.

著者

島田 洋子 松岡 譲

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集G(環境) (ISSN:21856648)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.5, pp.I_183-I_191, 2012 (Released:2013-02-13)

参考文献数

38

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発展途上国において室内での固形燃料の燃焼により発生するPM2.5による健康影響が懸念されている.本研究では,インド29州の都市域と農村域を対象に,家庭内での燃料の燃焼によって排出されるPM2.5による室内空間滞在中の個人暴露濃度を,家庭内の燃料消費量の用途別の燃料種使用割合,世帯や住居に関する統計情報の地域別の詳細なデータを用いて推計した.その結果,調理に薪を使用する割合の多い農村域の台所滞在中の個人暴露濃度が都市域に比べて大きく,また,35~64歳の無職女性の台所滞在中の個人暴露濃度が他の個人属性集団よりも高く,Rajasthan州農村域での35~64歳の無職女性の暴露濃度が最も高く1033μg/m3との結果を得た.男性は女性より低いが65歳以上の無職男性の室内滞在中の個人暴露濃度は25~34歳の有職女性より高かった.

著者

高原 省五 本間 俊充 米田 稔 島田 洋子

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3, pp.147-159, 2016 (Released:2016-11-18)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

1

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Management of radiation-induced risks in areas contaminated by a nuclear accident is characterized by three ethical issues: (i) risk trade-off, (ii) paternalistic intervention and (iii) individualization of responsibilities. To deal with these issues and to clarify requirements of justification of interventions for the purpose of reduction in radiation-induced risks, we explored the ethical basis of the radiological protection system of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The ICRP's radiological protection system is established based on three normative ethics, i.e. utilitarianism, deontology and virtue ethics. The three ethical issues can be resolved based on the decision-making framework which is constructed in combination with these ethical theories. In addition, the interventions for inhabitants have the possibility to be justified in accordance with two ways. Firstly, when the dangers are severe and far-reaching, interventions could be justified with a sufficient explanation about the nature of harmful effects (or beneficial consequences). Secondly, if autonomy of intervened-individuals can be promoted, those interventions could be justified.