著者

日髙 昇平

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.4, pp.456-461, 2019-12-01 (Released:2020-03-01)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2

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In this issue of the Cognitive Studies, we invited a paper titled “Understanding consciousness through category theory” by N. Tsuchiya and H. Saigo. In this paper, they illustrate their intriguing challenge for a new scientific approach to consciousness on the basis of category theory. Their idea and claim are potentially attractive for research on consciousness, but some readers may have a difficulty to evaluate them, due to its multi-disciplinary nature connecting neuroscientific findings on consciousness and category theory. Thus, the editorial board of the Cognitive Studies also invited the six experts from different areas to provide a variety of discussions and comments on the paper by Tsuchiya and Saigo.

著者

西郷 甲矢人 日髙 昇平 高橋 康介 布山 美慕

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.70-83, 2021-03-01 (Released:2021-03-15)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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The aim of this article is to provide references to cognitive scientists, who are interested in learning category theory and using it in their research. This article consists of the three sections, question-and-answers on category theory, utility of category theory on cognitive science, and tutorial materials. In the question-and-answers on category theory, we answered to questions, with which beginners of category theory may come up. In the utility of category theory on cognitive science, we raised the three items of utility of category theory in building cognitive models. The learning materials share the books, slides, and videos on the web, recommended to start with.

著者

鳥居 拓馬 日髙 昇平

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.341-355, 2015-09-01 (Released:2016-03-01)

参考文献数

24

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,

著者

布山 美慕 日髙 昇平

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.188-199, 2018-06-01 (Released:2018-12-01)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

4

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We can imagine anything — not just an object at our hand, but also something we have never seen in our life, such as a dragon, number, heaven, and so on. In this article, we discuss a potential methodology to characterize such imagination as a conscious process, which we cannot sufficiently associate to the corresponding external stimuli. As one of such conscious processes, here we take reading of text, in which the reader construct a rich imaginary world along the storyline from looking at a quite limited visual stimulus, namely just a series of letters on a text. In particular, in the state of absorption, the reader often feels oneself into the imaginary world as a character. By reviewing past research on the absorption in reading, we propose a hypothesis, in which both conscious process itself and something in the conscious experience are objects, that is defined by the consistency between its intention and extension (inductive and deductive way of definition). In this hypothesis, difference between absorption and non-absorption is considered analogously as difference in the point of view of an object in consciousness. On the basis of the prediction of this hypothesis, we discuss empirical tests on our hypothesis.

著者

片瀬 菜津子 鳥居 拓馬 日髙 昇平

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会全国大会論文集 第37回 (2023) (ISSN:27587347)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2J4GS105, 2023 (Released:2023-07-10)

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物理法則発見の情報処理過程、特にその質的なモデルの変容過程を明らかにすることができれば、今後の科学の発展速度の向上が期待できる。先行研究として、認知科学研究として類推を構造的に捉える試みや、計算機科学研究として機械学習を用いた物理法則の発見の試みがある。しかし、前者は数値的データに基づかず、概念的な枠組みの記述に留まっており、後者は予測誤差に基づくモデリングを提案しているが、質的な仮説や理論の変容を説明していない。 古典的な天体運動の理論の成立過程では、天動説から地動説への質的な理論の変容が知られる。本研究ではこの歴史的な理論構築過程の説明を目的として、数理的モデルの構築を試みた。コペルニクスの地動説は、その当時の標準モデルであるプトレマイオスの天動説より予測誤差が大きいことが知られている。それにも関わらず地動説が提案されたという事実は、予測誤差以外に地動説の良さを評価する基準があることを示唆する。本研究では天体運動データを分析し、モデル選択の基準として、全体的な予測誤差以外に、逆行運動など顕著な例外的現象に対する予測誤差を考慮することで地動説への移行が説明できることを示す。

著者

日髙 昇平 高橋 康介

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.25-38, 2021

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<p>Visual perception, receiving a two-dimensional (2D) visual input, often constructs the three-dimensional (3D) perceptual image. Although there are generally multiple structures in the external world that give an equivalent two-dimensional retinal image, the perceptual process naturally and easily infers only one 3D structure as the solution. However, the following problems are not obvious at all: what kind of structure can be obtained as a 3D perceptual image from certain 2D information, and why do we get a three-dimensional perceptual image instead of a two-dimensional one. In the present study, we investigate this problem by untangling the Necker Cube phenomenon, and propose a novel theory of three-dimensional visual perception from the viewpoint of the efficiency of information coding. Among the possible structures that can yield the 2D retinal image of the Necker Cube, the structure of the typical three-dimensional perceptual image of the Necker Cube maximizes the symmetry (in group theory). This maximization of symmetry is characterized by the pairs of adjoint functors (in category theory). Therefore, according to this proposed theory, "the Necker Cube" in the three-dimensional space is perceived as the most efficient encoding of the two-dimensional retinal image.</p>

著者

西郷 甲矢人 日髙 昇平 高橋 康介 布山 美慕

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.70-83, 2021

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<p>The aim of this article is to provide references to cognitive scientists, who are interested in learning category theory and using it in their research. This article consists of the three sections, question-and-answers on category theory, utility of category theory on cognitive science, and tutorial materials. In the question-and-answers on category theory, we answered to questions, with which beginners of category theory may come up. In the utility of category theory on cognitive science, we raised the three items of utility of category theory in building cognitive models. The learning materials share the books, slides, and videos on the web, recommended to start with.</p>

著者

高橋 康介 日髙 昇平

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.3-6, 2018-03-01 (Released:2018-09-01)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

1

著者

鳥居 拓馬 日髙 昇平

出版者

日本知能情報ファジィ学会

雑誌

知能と情報 (ISSN:13477986)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.5, pp.826-833, 2019-10-15 (Released:2019-10-15)

参考文献数

20

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他者の行為を観察して自らの行為を学習するには他者の目的を推定する能力が求められる.ある心理実験では,ヒトの18か月児が大人の行為を観察し,その未知なる目的を推論できることを示した.本研究では,この心理実験に着想をえて,どうすれば未完遂の行為の観察からその本来の目的や計画を推定できるかを数値実験で検討する.具体的には,異なる目的(課題)に最適化された2種類の単振子が一見よく似た軌道(動作)を生成するような実験設計を行い,どんな特徴量を用いれば軌道を生成した未知なる制御器(意図)を識別できるかを検討した.本研究の分析では,力学系の不変量「フラクタル次元」は,観察対象に関する事前知識をほとんど要さずとも,意図の識別に十分な情報をもつことを示した.

著者

日髙 昇平

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.4, pp.504-508, 2019-12-01 (Released:2020-03-01)

参考文献数

9

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In their paper of this issue, N. Tsuchiya and H. Saigo have proposed a new approach to understand some aspect of consciousness on the basis of category theoretic notions. In my commentary on it, I will raise a few questions on a central assumption of their arguments, which their theory implicitly requires. That is, first of all, the level and the content of consciousness would be respectively represented by a category. Taking this argument, and extending their instantiation of a category of conscious content, it leads a poorly structured category such as something equivalent to a discrete category. With this, and other critiques raised in this commentary, their category theoretic formulation of consciousness would need a major revision on their presumptions to be any useful model of consciousness.

著者

布山 美慕 日髙 昇平

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.188-199, 2018

---

<p>We can imagine anything — not just an object at our hand, but also something we have never seen in our life, such as a dragon, number, heaven, and so on. In this article, we discuss a potential methodology to characterize such imagination as a conscious process, which we cannot sufficiently associate to the corresponding external stimuli. As one of such conscious processes, here we take reading of text, in which the reader construct a rich imaginary world along the storyline from looking at a quite limited visual stimulus, namely just a series of letters on a text. In particular, in the state of absorption, the reader often feels oneself <i>into the imaginary world </i>as a character. By reviewing past research on the absorption in reading, we propose a hypothesis, in which both conscious process itself and something in the conscious experience are <i>objects</i>, that is defined by the consistency between its intention and extension (inductive and deductive way of definition). In this hypothesis, difference between absorption and non-absorption is considered analogously as difference in the point of view of an object in consciousness. On the basis of the prediction of this hypothesis, we discuss empirical tests on our hypothesis.</p>

著者

日髙 昇平

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.67-78, 2017-03-01 (Released:2017-09-01)

参考文献数

45

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One of major paradigms in cognitive science is to model cognitive process as an in-formation processing in the digital computer. Marr (1982) has proposed to capture the cognitive process by the three levels of information processing, known as the levels of hardware implementation, algorithm and representation, and computational theory. In particular, the “computational theory” level is supposed most important among the three, as it captures the goal of the information process and explains why the process is organized so. It is, however, often controversial what to count as the computational theory, and there are several variations in its interpretation. In this article, we review these views on the computational theory, and overview the potential problems of the computational theory in a narrow sense which have been pointed out in past literature. By doing so, we discuss the aspects of the current paradigm to be extended toward a new alternative paradigm beyond the formulation of cognition as optimization.