著者
尾方 壮行 市川 真帆 堤 仁美 有賀 隆男 堀 賢 田辺 新一
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.83, no.743, pp.57-64, 2018 (Released:2018-01-30)
参考文献数
35
被引用文献数
1 12

The globalization of people and things results in the short average distance of the networks and emerging infectious disease can spread immediately after the development in this world. Thus, preventive infection control measures are important. The infection risk should be evaluated to adopt effective infection control measures. In this study, the cough machine that can generate human-like cough to evaluate the infection risk in indoor environments were developed to evaluate infection risk. The cough expired volume, travel distance, velocity, total mass of droplets, and particle size distribution of the droplets of the cough machine were compared with the subject experimental data. The deposition of droplet on facial mucous membranes, such like eyes and a mouth, at various distances and horizontal surfaces at different heights were measured using the cough machine and thermal manikin. It was shown that the number of droplet deposited on the position of facial mucous membranes decrease drastically over 90 cm when the infected person and susceptible person faced each other. On horizontal surfaces, the droplet deposited most at 50-60 cm and more than 90% of the droplet deposited within 90 cm. The number of droplet deposited on the surface under 50%RH condition was larger than that under 30%RH condition. The effect of relative humidity was larger on the near surface because the propagation time is shorter than it takes to deposit on the distant far-surface. We provide experimental evidence to evaluate droplet and contact infection risk that enable to address a question of the relative importance of each infection route.
著者
山田 歩美 加藤 雅大 有賀 隆
出版者
公益社団法人 日本都市計画学会
雑誌
都市計画論文集 (ISSN:09160647)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.3, pp.1159-1164, 2020-10-25 (Released:2020-10-25)
参考文献数
13

本研究は「過疎地域神社活性化推進施策」を受け、氏子と神社が地域運営を担う一員同士の繋がりであるという視点の上で祭礼運営を行うことが重要であるという背景を受け、社会的紐帯と祭礼形式の変容の相互関係を解明し、祭礼形式が変容しながらもそれが持続していく上での課題を、氏子側の祭礼に対する意識を踏まえ考察することを目的としている。⑴祭礼内容の歴史的変容、⑵祭礼を実行する組織運営、⑶祭礼に対する住民意識、以上3点について調査の結果、⑴対象神社の祭礼は福井地震を契機として祭礼内容が変容し、現在も人口減少に合わせて一部内容を変化しながら継続している。⑵氏子は町内会を介して祭礼に参加している。⑶氏子の祭礼に対する意識は各町内の人口特性や祭礼への参加形式の多様性によって各町内で差異が生まれている。以上より対象神社における社会的紐帯は町内会を介した間接的且つ段階的な繋がりの上に成り立つ事が明らかになった。また、各町内毎は祭礼形式に利点や課題を持ちつつも、全体としての枠組みは全地区で一貫されている事が地域運営の課題といえ、各町内の組織が有する祭礼形式の変容の方向性や課題を共有する事が重要であると考えられる。
著者
有賀 隆行 富重 道雄 水野 大介
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.6, pp.300-304, 2019 (Released:2019-11-25)
参考文献数
20
被引用文献数
1

Molecular motors are nonequilibrium open systems that convert chemical energy to mechanical work. The nonequilibrium energetics of single molecule kinesin were investigated by measuring the motion of an attached probe particle and its response to external forces with optical tweezers. The sum of the heat dissipation estimated from the violation of the fluctuation-response relation and the output power was inconsistent with the input free energy rate, indicating that large internal dissipation exists. Here we introduce the theoretical basis of the dissipation measurement and our recent experimental results, discussing the physiological implications of the hidden dissipation in the kinesin motor.
著者
望月 史子 清水 裕之 有賀 隆 南 順一朗
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, no.617, pp.47-54, 2007
被引用文献数
5 2

The aim of this paper is to propose the grasping method of the pattern and level of the agglomeration of land use using remote-sensing data. Using "CN Index" developed by Kobayashi et al. we propose a new Index, "Distance Index", which can clarify the level of the agglomeration of land use of a large regional area. DI Index is a potential value calculated based on distribution of CN index. In the paper firstly we abstracted the pattern of land use by classification from their land-surface situation using remote-sensing data of West Aichi. Secondly we measured the DI Index. Then we checked the land use pattern of West Aichi using DI Index and considered the feature. As a result by using DI Index the level of the agglomeration of land use could be classified comparatively clearly and especially the shape of the edge of agglomeration could be figured.