著者

植村 利夫

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.4, pp.137-139, 1936

著者

錦 三郎

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.24-34_2, 1966-12-01 (Released:2008-12-19)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

4 5

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At Akayu-machi and Takahata-machi (the north-eastern part of Yonezawa Basin), Higashiokitama-gun, Yama-gata-ken, Japan, we can see thin white threads and small white masses flow quietly in the blue sky on a fine and windless (or breezy) day, from the end of October to December. It will snow soon after this phenomenon, so people in that district call it “ushering in snow” (Yukimukae). This phenomenon is the same as gossamer (England) or Babie late (Poland), and is found to by caused by threads of spiders as they migrate in the air. It is only in this district in Japan that spiders are observed to migrate in the air and are given a special designation. I have observed “ushering in snow” and collected spiders for the past fifteen years. According to my observation, spiders climb to the tip of the leaves of grass or the tip of sticks toward the end of October (occasionally during September), stretch their legs, raise their hips, and emit the threads. Before the threads are emitted, active movement of spinneret was noticed; that is, spiders shook violently the posterior spinneret and repeated the actions which seemed to serve to spin the threads out from the middle spinneret. The threads are emitted from the middle spinneret first. The anterior and posterior spinneret open outside. It was also observed that the number of the threads increased rapidly before spiders flew up, amounting to ten odd. (On such an occasion, the strings are emitted from the both the anterior and the posterior spinneret, centering around the middle spinneret.) On no occasion did they use their legs. I recognized twelve families, thirty-nine species of “ushering in snow”, that is, gossamer spiders, and it is easily predicted that the kinds will be increased by further investigation. Among these spiders, it was found that those that are migratory far outnumber those that are web-spinning, and those spiders that migrate far are mostly migratory. I have classified these spiders in terms of “their ways of life” and “the stage in their life for flight (young, sub-adult, adult)”, shown them in the graph, and investigated the evolution of spiders. Spiders migration and scattering with the thread flowing in the air seem to bear a close relation to preservation of spiders both as individuals and as a family, and is regarded as an ecological phenomenon against an internecine struggle or lack of food. Migratory spiders, such as Thomisidae and Lycosidae, emit the threads actively and migrate in the air, in their prime of life. They are neither saltatorial nor web-spinning. Salticidae have acquired saltation, which has made it easy for them to catch food necessary for preservation of both individuals and a family. Hence, only a few species of this family migrate in the air when they are young. On the other hand, those spiders which developed ability in spinning a web became capable of getting food without migration, so they did not need to migrate at all. Only during the periods of young and sub-adult when they cannot make big webs do they seem to show the habit of dispersion through migration in the air. Small-sized spiders, such as Micryphantidae have not been so evolved as to make big webs, they continue a migratory life and presumably keep the habit of migration in the air even as adults. I have considered the question why spiders migrate toward the end of autumn in relation to lack of food, and reached the following conclusion. The time when they have plenty of food is the time also for their reproduction and egg-laying, and at such a time no spider migrates, while toward the end of autumn when they lack in food, they set out in migration. Furthermore, an air current is crucial for the flight of spiders, and when one spider can fly

著者

加村 隆英

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.79-91, 1999

被引用文献数

3

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琉球諸島(沖縄県)産のワシグモ科ケムリグモ属の7種を報告した. このうち, 5種は新種であり, <i>Zelotes donan</i> sp. nov. ドナンケムリグモ (新称), <i>Z. zephyrus</i> sp. nov. ニシカゼケムリグモ (新称), <i>Z. gladius</i> sp. nov. ミヤコケムリグモ (新称), <i>Z. ryukyuensis</i> sp. nov. リュウキュウケムリグモ (新称), <i>Z. flexuosus</i> sp. nov. ツヅラケムリグモ (新称) と命名して記載した. 他の2種, <i>Z. iriomotensis</i> Kamura, 1994イリオモテケムリグモと<i>Z. asisaticus</i> (B&ouml;senberg et Strand, 1906) クロチャケムリグモについては, 新たな分布記

著者

加村 隆英

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.47-60, 1991

被引用文献数

1 3

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従来, エダイボグモ属 <i>Cladothela</i> KISHIDA, 1928にはエダイボグモ <i>C. boninensis</i> KISHIDA, 1928だけが知られていたが, 別属の下に記載されていた2種, すなわちチャクロワシグモ <i>Drassodes oculinotatus</i> BÖSENBERG et STRAND, 1906とムナキワシグモ <i>Drassodes unciinsignitus</i> BÖSENBERG et STRAND, 1906, が本属に属することを認め, これら3種を再記載した. さらに新種ヒメチャワシグモ (新称) <i>Cladothela</i> <i>parva</i> n. sp. を記載した. また, タスキケムリグモ <i>Zelotes x-notatus</i> (BÖSENBERG et STRAND, 1906) は <i>Cladothela unciinsignita</i> (BÖSENBERG et STRAND, 1906) のシノニムとした.

著者

George O. Poinar Jr. Bozidar P. M. Curcic James C. Cokendolpher

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.79-96, 1998 (Released:2007-03-29)

参考文献数

106

被引用文献数

19 58

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Pseudoscorpions form phoretic associations with a wide range of arthropods, including at least 44 families of insects and three families of arachnids. The present work brings up to date phoretic associations between pseudoscorpions and different arthropods and discusses the long-standing controversy over whether this behavior is basically a predatory response or adapted solely for dispersal. That phoresy in pseudoscorpions is of long standing and obligatory in many cases is demonstrated by its continuance for millions of years, as shown by the fossil record. A member of the Chthoniidae attached to a moth in Baltic amber is reported for the first time.

著者

關口 晃一

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.66-73, 1943-11-30 (Released:2008-12-19)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

高島 春雄

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.58-66, 1943-11-30 (Released:2008-12-19)

著者

谷川 明男 宮下 直

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta arachnologica : organ of the Arachnological Society of Eastern Asia (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.1, pp.19-35, 2008-07-31

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

5

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Japanese spiders of the genus Dolomedes are revised and its phylogeny is inferred by mt-DNA. <I>Dolomedes japonicus</I> B&ouml;senberg & Strand 1906 and <I>D. angustivirgatus</I> Kishida 1936 are removed from the synonymy. <I>Dolomedes fimbriatoides</I> B&ouml;senberg & Strand 1906 and <I>D. hinoi</I> Kayashima 1952 are newly synonymized with <I>D. sulfureus</I> L. Koch 1878, and <I>D. stellatus</I> Kishida 1936 is synonimized with <I>D. japonicus</I>. Two new species, <I>D. fontus</I> and <I>D. silvicola</I> are described. Relative leg length and proportion of male palpal tibia are considered as good keys to indentify <I>Dolomedes</I> spiders, whose genital organs closely resemble one another. <I>Dolomedes sulfureus</I> and <I>D. silvicola</I>, often found on vegetation, have much longer legs and male palpal tibia than their relatives that inhabit near water and run on water surface or hide under water when disturbed. Molecular phylogenetic analysis using mt-COI revealed the following; ((((<I>raptor</I>, <I>yawatai</I>), <I>japonica</I>), <I>orion</I>), (((<I>angustivirgatus</I>, <I>sulfureus</I>), <I>fontus</I>), (<I>silvicola</I>, <I>saganus</I>)), <I>horishanus</I>).

著者

Galina N. Azarkina Christos Zoumides Michael Hadjiconstantis

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.49-54, 2018-08-31 (Released:2018-09-05)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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Aelurillus cypriotus Azarkina 2006 is known from the holotype male collected in Cyprus without an exact locality. Here we describe the female of this species for the first time, provide new data on species distribution and biology.

著者

吉倉 真 城田 五郎 近藤 照義

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.Specialnumber, pp.199-208, 1977 (Released:2007-03-29)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

1 1

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1. 産卵後一両日中にウヅキコモリグモの持っている卵嚢を取り除いたら, 3週間ほどで再び産卵した. 初回の産卵数は平均約50個, 次回のそれは約33個であった.2. 卵嚢保持個体における肥大卵母細胞の大きさは, 産卵後約4週間で直径約184μに達したものもあったが, 排卵したものはなかった. 産卵後一両日中に卵嚢を除去したものでは, 産卵後約4週間で肥大卵母細胞は直径約476μに達したものがあり, 直径450μ以上のものは排卵されていた.3. 卵核胞は卵細胞の成長とともに大きくなる. 直径約40μの卵細胞において直径約33μであるが, 排卵までに直径約67μに達する.4. 卵黄核も卵細胞の成長とともにある程度大きくなる. 卵細胞の直径70-90μで, その直径平均約23μであるが, それ以後排卵までその大きさにとどまる.5. 卵黄粒は卵細胞の直径約150μ以上で形成され, 卵細胞の成長とともに大きさを増す. 排卵時, 最大のものの直径約35μ, 産出卵において最大のものの直径約56μであった.6. 卵巣には初回産卵後, なお平均150個ほどの卵緒を有する卵細胞が残されている. 卵嚢が除去されると, それらのうちあるものが急速に成長し成熟する.7. 退化卵細胞は産卵直後には十数個あるも, 次第に吸収され, 3-4週間後にはほとんどなくなる.

著者

Tatsumi Suguro Kensuke Yahata

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.87-97, 2014-12-31 (Released:2015-01-09)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3

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Japanese salticid species of the genus Tasa and a part of the genus Pseudicius are taxonomically revised by morphological investigation and molecular analysis using partial sequencing data of mt-DNA COI gene. As a result, the female of Pseudicius koreanus Wesolowska 1981 and the male of Tasa nipponica Bohdanowicz & Prószynski 1987 are identified as the same species. Therefore, T. nipponica is newly synonymized with P. koreanus, and P. koreanus is transferred to the genus Tasa, due to its male genital morphology. The male of P. koreanus sensu Bohdanowicz & Prószynski (1987) is identified as the male of Pseudicius tokaraensis (Bohdanowicz & Prószynski 1987). Incidentally, P. okinawaensis Prószynski 1992 is newly synonymized with P. tokaraensis. Additionally, Pseudicius kimjoopili (Kim 1995) comb. nov. is newly recorded from Japan. The male of this species is described for the first time. This species is transferred from the genus Helicius. After these taxonomic revisions, Japanese Pseudicius species are following three for the present: P. kimjoopili, P. tokaraensis and P. vulpes. These three can be easily distinguished from each other by their general appearances or genital morphologies.

著者

東亜蜘蛛学会

出版者

文生書院

巻号頁・発行日

1936

著者

Yuki G. Baba Hiraku Yoshitake

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.39-41, 2016-08-31 (Released:2016-11-02)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

著者

高桑 良興 高島 春雄

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.164-185, 1940-10-10 (Released:2008-12-19)

被引用文献数

1 3

著者

畑守 有紀

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.209-215, 1994

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イソコモリグモ <i>Lycosa ishikariana</i> の配偶行動を飼育条件下で観察した. オスはメスの受信糸をたどってメスの巣穴に接近した. そして左の第I脚を巣穴に差し込んだ. 交尾は巣穴の外で行なわれた. 交尾体位はオスがメスの上に正面から馬乗りになるもので, これは典型的な <i>Lycosa</i> 属の交尾体位であった.

著者

桝元 敏也

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.61-67, 1997 (Released:2011-06-03)

参考文献数

9

著者

井原 庸

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.87-93, 1994

被引用文献数

5

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本州中国地方産の <i>Cybaeus</i> (ナミハグモ属) の2新種, <i>C. hibaensis</i> ヒバナミハグモ (新称), <i>C. tottoriensis</i> イナバナミハグモ (新称) を記載した. いずれも, 中型からやや小型で体色の淡い種である. また, 分布は互いに異所的で, それぞれ中国地方の中部 (広島•島根両県の東部および岡山県西部) と北東部 (鳥取県および岡山県北部) に分布する.

著者

吉田 真

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.181-185, 1998 (Released:2011-06-03)

参考文献数

14

著者

福井 玉夫

出版者

日本蜘蛛学会

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.113-114, 1937-10-10 (Released:2008-12-19)

著者

新海 明 新海 栄一

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.149-154, 2002

被引用文献数

5

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ムツトゲイセキグモは日本にいる稀産の2種のナゲナワグモ類のうちのひとつである. 本報告は, 野外におけるムツトゲイセキグモの生活史, 若令幼体がもちいる餌捕獲法, および本種のメス成体や亜成体がもちいる「投げ縄」網の作成行動についてのはじあての観察記録である. ムツトゲイセキグモは年一世代の多回 (3-6回) 産卵のクモであり, ふ化した幼体は卵のう内でそのまま越冬した. 若令幼体とオスは投げ縄を使わず, 葉の縁で狩りをしていると考えられた. 亜成体と成体のメスは蛾を捕獲するために投げ縄を使用した. 投げ縄作成行動は, 投げ縄を第1脚のかわりに第2脚でもつ以外はナゲナワグモ属のものとまったく同一だった. ときどき, 2個の粘球がついた投げ縄を作ることがあった.