著者

古田 雄一 Yuichi Furuta

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.99-112, 2019-03-31

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This research note organizes the previous research on school climate, focusing on its effect on youth civic development, mainly based on the U.S. context. Political socialization research, which gives us some theoretical background to understand the relationship between schooling and youth civic development, implies that school influences students’ civic outcome not only through formal curriculum but also through informal/hidden curriculum. Next, various empirical research on school climate is reviewed. Based on the review, I showed that school climate related to civic outcome consists of both classroom-level and schoolwide-level, and its characteristics include general democratic climate and openness to social and political discussion. Such school climate influences students’ civic knowledge, civic disposition, and future social/political participation, and the effects are especially larger for socioeconomically disadvantaged students. Although the effects of school climate alone might be relatively small compared to more direct approach to civic education, we still need further research to investigate how school climate and other civic education initiatives interact each other and influence students’ civic development.

著者

西岡 ゆかり 高山 昌子 新野 弘美 横山 誠

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.1-12, 2021-01-31

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Since the 2013 FAO report on the usefulness of insects as foodstuffs, the insect business has become active in various countries of the world. We thought the breeding of insects to be possible for an elderly person with low physical strength in comparison with raising domestic animals such as cows. We also thought the culture of insects might lead to the foundation and regional activation of job opportunities for the socially vulnerable. Therefore, we performed ingredient nourishment analysis on three kinds of insects to examine their usefulness. Additionally, we made two kinds of cake using locusts and performed a sensory test. As a result of the ingredient nourishment analysis, we found that protein, zinc, and copper were present in rich amounts. The sensory test items were: taste, smell, texture, aftertaste, appearance, and a global assessment. All items in the sensory evaluation scored higher than average. As a result of this investigation, it was suggested that insects were promising as foodstuffs. In addition, the possibility that the culture of insects could lead to the employment of the socially vulnerable was shown.

著者

山本 勇次

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.73-84, 2013-01-31

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日本人の危機管理意識の脆弱さは、元内閣安全保障室長の佐々淳行氏によって、日本列島の地理的条件、外的緊張と、その反動としての弛緩とを繰り返す歴史的条件、それに「熱しやすく冷めやすい、忘れっぽい淡白な」国民性に理由付けられている。それに対して、井沢元彦氏は、「マイナス予測によるコトダマ反作用の法則」との視点から説いている。またこの問題は、日本人の「転向」研究から丸山正雄や橋川文三は、神道的裸身に外来思想を「着せ替え人形」のごとく着たり脱いだりする日本人の「理論信仰」と「実感信仰」との乖離的共存性からも説明されるであろう。筆者は、マーチとサイモンが言う「認知的合理性の限界」という視点から、この問題を論考してみたい。即ち、日本人は科学的実証で説明不能な現象には感覚的実証ですましてしまうところがある。この日本人の感覚的実証性の底には、神道的な「神頼み」のひとりよがりが流れている。だから日本人は、悪い予測を論じあって周囲の不安を煽るよりも楽観的・希望的観測に賭けて嵐の通り過ぎるのを待とうとする習性が古代から続いている。昨今の「竹島」や「尖閣列島」をめぐる領土問題にしても、日本人の対応は、危機管理意識の脆弱さ、あてのない楽観主義が見え隠れしている。 Japanese weakness in crisis management consciousness has already explained by Atsuyuki Sasa, former Chief of the Cabinet Security Council, as part of the Japanese national character. Motohiko Izawa also clarified this weakness in terms of the law of reaction of the spirit of language (kotodama) to a negative prediction. This problem was also attributed by Masao Maruyama and Bunzo Hashikawa to a crippling of theoretical faith and real faith. In this paper I would like to explain Japanese weakness in crisis management consciousness by means of March and Simon's "limits of cognitive rationality." The Japanese tend to depend upon a sensual positivism whenever a scientific positivism is incapable of elucidating a phenomenon. At the bottom of this sensual positivism there seems an individualistic trust in spiritual beings as shown in Shinto belief. This is why the Japanese are inclined to wait for typhoons to go away instead of ringing alarm bells by stating annoying opinions on the issue to the public.

著者

柴嵜 雅子

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.43-57, 2021-10-31

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Section 78 of the Criminal Code of Austria made the act of “assisting suicide” a criminal offense. In December 2020, however, the Constitutional Court of the Catholic country vacated the provision because it violated one’s right to self-determination, which includes the right to seek help from a third party in terminating one’s own life. This paper aims to examine the background and ramifications of this shift. First, I review Death in Dignity published by the Austrian Bioethics Commission in 2015. Then I explore the influences from neighboring countries. In Germany, for example, the Federal Constitutional Court struck down a law criminalizing repeated assistance in suicide in February 2020 for the same reason as its Austrian counterpart. Finally, I compare Austria which still prohibits euthanasia, with Canada which legalized both assisted suicide and euthanasia all at once as medical aid in dying.

著者

古賀 敬太 コガ ケイタ Keita Koga

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.77-96, 2015-01

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Tadao Yanaihara(1893-1961) was a pious Christian, a follower of Kannzo Uchimura. On the basis of his Christian faith, he fought against the imperialistic war and the exclusive hyper-nationalism which oppressed freedom of thought and conscience from 1932 to the end of the war. This article attempts to make clear the character of his conception of pacifism, nationalism, and the Emperor system. He regarded himself as a prophet for Japan and felt a responsibility and mission to warn against the militaristic government and nationalistic people, as Isaiah and Jeremaiah did in the Old Testament.

著者

クラレンス・ダロウ[著] 柴嵜 雅子[訳]

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.141-151, 2009-03-31

著者

古田 雄一

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.97-116, 2022-03-31

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" Schools have important roles in preparing students for civic life, and makingthem engage in examining and revising their school rules could be one way tofulfill such a mission. The purpose of this paper is to investigate what studentslearn from participating in reexamination of their school rules and engaging indialogue with diverse stakeholders during the process. The paper utilizes acase of“ Rule-making project” at a Japanese girls’ junior and senior high school,supported by NPO staff and other experts. The project yielded a variety of civic effects. Student members of the projectbecame more confident in conveying their ideas to others and making adifference in their schools. They also deeply understood the value of dialogueand learned the importance of understanding others. In addition, there weresome schoolwide effects on students’ efficacy, trust, and intention of civicengagement. However, there were also some issues and challenges, such as thepower relationship between teachers(or other adults)and students, andinclusion of direrse students in the process."

著者

有田 亘

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.57-67, 2021-03-31

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This article re-examines the strong effects theory, a popular theory in mass media studies. First of all, there is the theory of bullet effect, typified by Cantril's research on Orson Welles' The Invasion from Mars. However, this has been questioned and controversy continues to this day. But in the first place, Cantril did not advocate bullet theory, nor was the Martian Riot intended by the radio station to panic people. Furthermore, the Martian invasion Riot itself was fake news. Some kinds of hoaxes and also demythologization spread readily according to the media effects theory. In this paper, an overview of this is given and it is suggested that it would be better to reposition the media effects theory, which has been conducted as part of Media Studies, into the category of rumor studies. In that sense, it is argued that it may be possible to reconsider it as message theory rather than media theory.

著者

田中 美和子

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.39-53, 2005-10-31

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'Cockney', one of the least-valued accents in Britain, is well-illustrated in My Fair Lady(1964), which is based on the drama Pygmalion written by Bernard Shaw. In this paper we will focus on what features cockney has, examining the lines by a flower girl, Eliza Doolittle and her father. Accent was one of the factorsthat sustained 'class barriers' especially in those days as Professor Higgins says "'Aoow' and 'Garn' that keep her in her place". We will also consider the role of cockney in the history of English.

著者

村田 菜穂子 前川 武

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.113-122, 2019-10-31

著者

古賀 敬太 コガ ケイタ Koga Keita

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.35-54, 2016-03

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This article attempts to analyze the conception of democracy and absolute pacifism in Yanaihara's political thought. For Yanaihara democracy didn't mean majority rule or due process ,but meant creation of political subject who bearsresponsibility for his nation. As to his pacifism he refused the role of balance of power in international relations and went too far into the negation of the right of self defense. Since he was skeptical of the conception "justice" in politicalarena, he clearly denied to distinguish just war and unjust war. Yanaihara insisted that democracy and absolute pacifism can be fully realized, when nations experience the religious reformation in their souls. In this sense,democracy and absolute pacifism go hand in hand with spiritual revolutionoccurred by Christianity. It is true that such an approach met with severecriticism, but it's a really interesesting attempt to consider the public role ofreligion, if, we don't confine religion in the private affair.

著者

堀込 孝二 Koji Horigome

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.135-150, 2019-03-31

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I visited the West coast of America, Los Angeles, home of the sports business. There are a variety of professional sports teams in Los Angeles. Baseball (Major League Baseball), Soccer (Major League Soccer) and American football (National Football League) among others. The purpose of this study is to learn about the sports business in America, where participants are able to enjoy sports and attract clients.

著者

村田 菜穂子 前川 武

出版者

大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU Journal of International Studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.203-214, 2020-03-31

著者

中村 浩子

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.20, pp.1-17, 2020-01-31

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The terror attacks by a gunman at two mosques in Christchurch on March 15, 2019 took the lives of 51 people and left more than 40 injured. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the response both by the government and the citizens of New Zealand after the massacre, given that the responses within the nation after the shootings earned applause world-wide. The paper looks first at the Prime Minister’s leadership and the movements by citizens that followed, then the messages from the leadership of the targeted Muslim communities. It also looks at how the setup and procedure of the Royal Commission of Inquiry is viewed by the public, and the practices of local government agencies. In discussion, it argues that the fact that New Zealand has addressed the issues of exclusionism both at the level of the instrumental violence by the terrorist and that of the expressive violence by white supremacists, could be highlighted as the reason for winning world recognition.

著者

柴嵜 雅子

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.39-54, 2020-10-31

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This paper illuminates Canada's federal law on medical assistance in dying enacted in 2016. First, I review the developments leading up to the legislation from the Supreme Court of Canada Rodriguez decision through the precedential act in the Province of Quebec to the court rulings on the case of Carter. Second, I focus on and explore the implications of the landmark step ventured by the new statute; it has reclassified aid in dying as ‘end-of-life medical care’ ―the same category as palliative sedation or withdrawing lifesustaining treatment. The sharp distinction between euthanasia and assisted suicide has also been replaced by the mere procedural difference between ‘clinician-administered’ deaths and ‘self-administered’ ones. The explicit medicalization of these practices is highly likely to constrain the availability of conscientious objection to them, because even though it is legally warranted, it now means rejecting medical services.

著者

木村 真人

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.147-159, 2022-03-31

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" This study aimed to find out how university faculty and staff encourageuniversity students to use the student counseling center. A total of 78university faculty and staff members participated. They were presented withthe questions:“ What difficulties do you experience when encouraging studentsto use the student counseling center?” and “What do you do to encouragestudents to use the student counseling center?” The analysis of the open-endedresponses indicated that the answers fell into seven categories: 1)Forming atrusting relationship regularly, 2)Involving other departments, 3)Lowering thebarriers of use, 4)Explaining the benefits of use, 5)Emphasizing confidentiality,6)Respecting autonomy, 7)Recommending actual student utilization.Furthermore, the result indicated the various ways of encouraging collegestudents to use the student counseling center—before, during, and afterrecommending it. Finally, the implications of these findings are discussed."

著者

橋本 義郎

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.55-75, 2008-10

著者

堀込 孝二 前田 和範

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.159-170, 2021-03-31

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The number of professional sports teams in Japan is increasing as is the need for the diversification of human resources. The objective of this study is to provide insight into the collaboration of professional sports teams in the Kansai area in Japan with universities, and to examine the different kinds of collaboration. The internet survey conducted indicated that there are six types of collaboration between professional sports teams and universities : collaboration, planning practice, fieldwork/volunteer, surveys, lectures, and others. It was evidenced that the Nippon Professional Baseball Organization (NPB), Japan Professional Football League (J. League), and Japan Professional Basketball League (B. League) had different types of collaboration with universities. In particular, since there are several collaborations in the sports business and management area, it is important for professional sports teams to emphasize their human resource requirements and for universities to meet such requirements.

著者

渡邊 太

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.69-88, 2017-10

著者

藤田 了 松井 圭三

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.101-115, 2020-01-31