著者

田村 裕子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.4-1〜9, 2005

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This paper notes that, in his diary, called Taiki, Fujiwara Yorinaga (1120〜1156), born in a family that produced regents/chief advisers to the Emperor during the era of rule by retired Emperors, refers to his deceased real mother as the "person of old", and its implied meaning is examined. In the background of this reference to her as the "person of old" was the existence of Minamoto Shishi, the legal wife of Tadazane, Yorinaga's father, who became Yorinaga's adoptive mother. She was something guaranteeing his legitimacy as a successor. It is this Shishi that Yorinaga identified as his mother, whom he must respect. However, the existence of his real mother was not entirely disregarded in his mind ; there are entries in his diary in which feeling of deep attachment to her can be detected. The reference to his real mother as the "person of old" represents internal fulfillment of the positioning of his two mothers, and symbolizes strong persistence in attaining the status of a regent/chief adviser to the Emperor, as well as the suppressed feelings for his real mother under that persistence, on the part of Yorinaga,\who was shortly to rush headlong toward the civil war of the Hogen era.

著者

久保田 育子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.335-343, 2006

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This paper focuses on Gallathea written by John Lyly in 1591. Gallathea was one of the first English plays to use the heroines in male disguise. On the English Renaissance stage, women's roles were played by boy actors, who were considered to be immature as their gender/sex had not yet developed fully to adulthood. I will highlight the multiple gender identities of boy actors and female characters and also the confusions of gender/sex created by Lyly's duplication of cross-gender disguise. In Gallathea, the two heroines disguised as boys fall in love with each other and their tangled sexual relationship shows aspects of the polymorphously perverse. The paper is divided into three parts. I will first illustrate the setting of the world of Gallathea and Lyly's design. The second part examines the relationship between male attire and constructions of male gender. In the third, I would like to explore the representation of women in breeches, which has been symbolized as invasion of the sexual norm. My focus is on the fabrication of the male gender/sex created by male clothing. The ambiguities of gender identity created by cross-gender casting and cross-gender disguises show the plasticity and multiplicity of gender/sex and sexuality.

著者

長谷川 真里

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.341-351, 2002

著者

難波 知子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.41-50, 2006

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This article aims at reconsidering the history of women's school uniforms from the viewpoints of the educational system, students, and uniform production in modern Japan. Though the historical studies of school uniforms have focused on the control of students' bodies and clothing by schools, this article moreover notices the significance that women students realized in their uniforms, and the situation that their uniforms were made in the transition from Kimono style to Western style. The composition of this article is as follows. First, it gives an outline of the history of women's school uniforms from the Meiji era to the early Showa era. Second, it elaborates the process of wearing HAKAMA which women students longed to put on in the 30's of the Meiji era. And third, it considers the practical situation that the school uniforms were made, worn by students and controlled by schools. To conclude, in modern Japan women's school uniforms were formed as a culture by interrelationship among schools, students, and uniform production. Schools instituted uniforms for the realization of educational policy and the regu\lation of clothing. On the other hand, women students created their original meanings and dressing in their school uniforms. And the school uniforms as a culture prevailed involving the changes of styles of living in clothing, for example, from Kimono style to Western style and from sewing at home to buying products in stores.

著者

星野 祐子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.245-254, 2006

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This paper aims to describe the discourse structure of a radio advice program called "Telephone JINSEI SODAN" and the role its emcee plays in the program. Each episode of this long-running call-in show involves an adviser, an advisee and an emcee and centers on the advisee's problem. The 20-minute program can be divided into 5 phases. I. Opening remarks ; the emcee and the advisee exchange greetings and the advisee acknowledges the opportunity to gain useful information ; II. Unfolding the problem ; utilizing a Q-A format, the emcee induces the advisee to describe his/her problem. The emcee then makes the gist of the issue and introduces the adviser over the phone ; III. Advising ; the adviser counsels the advisee on what to do ; IV. Summarizing ; the emcee intervenes and wraps up the previous advice-giving ; V. Closing remarks: the emcee and the adviser greet each other and the advisee expresses his/her gratitude again. The emcee takes part in Phases I, II, IV and V but not in Phase III. As a program host, the emcee uses discourse markers that facilitate a shift from one phase to the next. Such discourse markers\include "ja", "de", and "hai".

著者

松尾 江津子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.85-93, 2005

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In the studies of William Shakespeare's Othello, Iago's latent homosexuality has been discussed since the mid-twentieth century. This kind of investigation, however, is criticized for nothing more than motive-hunting of Iago's malignity and taking homosexuality as pathology. Recent sexuality studies, which have brought to light various aspects of male alliance in early modern England, show that physical intimacies between men in those days were far from pathology but rather admired as "friendship." On the other hand, "sodomy" was condemned even though it seems that the acts of "sodomy" actually had little difference from the very acts that Englishmen regarded as "friendship" ; the accusation of sodomy might be considered as one of the political manipulations concerning class, gender, race, and nationality. If the play represents Iago's desire as ambiguously at once "sodomy" and "friendship," the play can be interpreted to reveal the equivocations involved in the system of male alliance. This article, which reconsiders Iago's homosexual desire for Othello in the cultural and political context of early modern En\gland, reexamines, thereby, a historical moment in which Otherness was being constructed through discourse of sodomy.

著者

味岡 京子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.1-11, 2006

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The World's Columbian Exposition was held in Chicago, USA, in 1893. There was a pavilion in the exposition known as the Woman's Building, which was completely organized and managed by women. This writing discloses the background to how Japan became part of the Woman's Building and what the exhibition was like, and considers Japan's purpose at that time and how it interacted with Western trends. The Japanese government spent a large amount of money for taking part in The World's Columbian Exposition with the prime purpose of promoting trade and introducing Japanese art to the world. Since it was the preceding year to the Sino-Japanese War, it seems that they also had the intention to appeal for Japan's superiority as the only modernized country in Asia and justify its colonial orientation. Women's art-a subject to which scant attention had been paid in Japan-was redefined in the process of modernization by providing new meanings through exhibits at the Woman's Building. This article aims to emphasize the role of women in modernization through the relationship between art and women, by revealing the status of women artists and what was expected of them.

著者

蔡 美京

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.41-52, 2005

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this study is describing the character of Choyongmu by focusing on the upper limbs movement. The method of analysis is Benesh Movement Notation. The result goes as follows ; there are 25 kinds of upper limbs movement that are divided into 3 categories. (1) Snap touch on waist (pattern I) is supposed to be the first movement of Choyongmu and is also a basic movement. (2) Within maneuvering of extra long sleeves (pattern II), there are two patterns that should be characteristic of the movement which could be shown in only Choyongmu. II-4: sticking arms forward to the head with taking extra long sleeves. II-7: stretching arms from the shoulder at a stroke with the palms of the hands put together. (3) Passing by the abdomen (pattern V) is shown by uniting two movements many times.

著者

内村 理奈

出版者

お茶の水女子大学

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.131-139, 2006

被引用文献数

1

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In a comparative analysis of clothing worn by corpses, I looked at descriptions of clothing found in corpse records of Paris and Lyon-Beaujolais in the 1770s. Statistical results revealed that the mention of silver buttons and silver buckles on shoes appears quite frequently in Paris records while there is little mention of them in records of Lyon-Beaujolais. The popularity of large square, silver buckles among Parisian men from the early 18th century onwards seems to have continued for a rather long period. The comparison strongly indicated that local differences in clothing in Paris and Lyon-Beaujolais were minor variations in ornamentation, such as buckles on shoes, rather than differences in the style of garments worn.

著者

松下 真記 MATSUSHITA Maki マツシタ マキ

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.161-173, 2006

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The subject of this article is a type of capital initial letter represented as if it were a three-dimensional object carved in metal. Its central ridge forms the spine of the letter which then seems to be hollowed on either side. It appears in manuscripts illuminated in Padua or Venice in the late 1450's. Outstanding examples are found in the well-known copy of Strabo's Geography in the Latin translation of Guarino, which was sent as a present by the Venetian condottiere Jacopo Marcello to Rene of Anjou in 1459. Millard Meiss once ascribed its invention to the Paduan painter Andrea Mantegna and named it "Littera Mantiniana" (Mantegna's letter) because he believed that the illuminator of Strabo's work was certainly Mantegna, while other scholars nowadays insist that it was invented by Veronese copyist Felice Feliciano. In this article, I observe its first examples in Geography of Strabo in the terms of the characteristic of its three-dimentionality, and analyze again the possibility of Mantegna or Feliciano as its inventor.

著者

安城 寿子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.1-12, 2005

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COMME des GARCONS de Rei KAWAKUBO et sa creation sont apprecies comme avant-garde de mode s'accompagnant d'une seule image artistique ou choquante: On dit qu'elle ne cesse pas de confronter sa creation a toutes les preoccupations esthetiques ou morales et etonner les spectateurs et les journalistes depuis ses vetements detruits des annees 1980. Mais la styliste et son travail sont-ils toujours representes sous cette forme? Il nous faut remarquer que la representation changera selon le sujet representant et avec le temps. En effet nous voyons leurs representations variables a travers l'analyse des documents des annees 1970-80. Vers la fin des annees 1970 c'est-a-dire avant son debut a Paris, ses collections etaient recommandees dans les revues japonaises non pas comme expression de l'idee originale mail comme habits de bonne qualite, simples et confortables. Pourtant un peu plus tard, les journalistes francais ont traduit ses premieres collections par manifestation de l'esthetique traditionnelle japonaise, tandis que Kawakubo agissait elle-meme tout comme une styliste qui ne prend sa source dans rien de concret, y compris le folklore. Et c'est apres avoir fait ses premiers pas a Paris que Kawakubo s'est fait "deleguee de la mode tokyoite" puis ses collections ont commence a etre parlees au point de vue artistique et quelque peu philosophique au Japon. Nous devons donc nous demander si COMME des GARCONS dont nous parlions est un.

著者

李 志暎

出版者

お茶の水女子大学

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.291-303, 2006

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Based on a preceding study that a lot of patterns circulated throughout the development of a topic in a business meeting between Japanese, tending to put off a conclusion, this study provides a comparative analysis with a meeting between Koreans. As a result, the big difference with J (Japanese) was scarcely observed to be about the number of patterns for all topics. However, a difference became clear for the process of a topic reaching a decision. As for J, the ratio of circulation topics emerged highly "before decision", and for K (Koreans), "after decision". This suggested that the process before decisions were made were different between the two groups. In this way it is thought that the expectations of Koreans engaged in business towards making a decision rather than discussing related topics are different from that of Japanese. Thus, this may be another factor that contributes to the perception that "the Japanese do not give conclusions".

著者

近藤 雅恵

出版者

お茶の水女子大学

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.289-296, 2005

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In Japanese, written form and oral form are historically different. In this research I tried to find some regularity in transformations of oral form in written media. They are, for example, OMBIN-KA, curtailed vowel, shortcut form, and so on.

著者

内村 理奈

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.113-122, 2005

被引用文献数

2

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In the Ancien Regime period of France, etiquette demanded appropriate gestures involving hats and it is assumed that these gestures contained the innermost secrets and intentions of manners of that period. Using a dance manual as the basis of the study, this paper explains in detail etiquette involving hats and considers its meaning. Dance was considered a means of acquiring graceful comportment and dance manuals were one way of teaching young aristocrats basic manners in comportment in their daily life. In particular, the movement and position of the hands and feet when saluting with a hat were explained in detail, and skill in performing appropriate salutations in accordance with daily circumstances required considerable practice. These gestures of aristocrats were held in high regard because they were considered expressions of grace. The meaning of grace in those days referred to the grace of God, a spiritual quality that should naturally flow from within a person in the form of elegant motions as an external expression of the ideal of unity of a person's physical and spiritual being. Therefore, the aristocracy\ went to great efforts to make themselves stand out visibly as special beings through graceful gestures which required training of both body and mind.

著者

清水 淑子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.31-46, 2004

著者

松永 典子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.95-102, 2005

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The diplomatic essays of Harold Nicolson (1886-1968) have been considered classics in the field of International Relations, while his biographical essays and fictions have largely been neglected by English literary critics. In a similar vein, poetry and fiction have dominated as subjects for analysis among the critics of modernism while autobiography and biography have been much less studied. Although the present literary studies largely disregard modernist biography and Nicolson, they were widely discussed and read among their contemporary biographers. For instance Virginia Woolf introduced Some People (1927) as a modern biography for the modern world, and appraised the new method that Nicolson created. This article attempts to reexamine modernism in terms of auto/biography, focusing on the new phase of biography Nicolson introduced. His auto/biography, which articulates war experiences as a postwar writing, is here analysed in diplomatic as well as biographical terms. In conclusion, I propose that he reproduce the new imperial citizenship through his new writing. Furthermore this essay also investigates the polit\ical unconscious of this period by the examination of biographical essays of Woolf and Sydney Lee as well as of Nicolson.

著者

新田 美香

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1, pp.2-1〜10, 1998

著者

井上 登喜子 Inoue Tokiko

出版者

お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.21-32, 1999

著者

山川 明子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.135-143, 2005

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St. Augustine says in his early work "De Ordine" that liberal arts serve as the ladder of philosophical dialectic. By philosophical dialectic, man can enter the order of universe. This view of St. Augustine can be traced back to Plato. In "Republic", Book 6〜7, Plato explains how to educate a man to be a philosopher by simile of Line and Cave. According to the simile, philosophical dialectic is the final step of education, and liberal arts are preparatory training for philosophy, because they are systematic and have logical coherence like the world of ideas, reached only by philosophical dialectic. The world of idea's system isn't based on the visible world, so it is almost impossible to learn philosophical dialect without having learned liberal arts. Liberal arts help to appreciate the order of the universe and to reach the ultimate wisdom. St. Augustine doesn't state definitely in his work, but we can read and understand his view of liberal arts by comparing with Plato.

著者

平野 恵子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学

雑誌

人間文化論叢 (ISSN:13448013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.203-212, 2005

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This paper poses a problem of Javanese "traditional" gender ideology, ibuism in Indonesia. Under Suharto era (1966-1998), the state mobilizes social organizations for the economic development under the slogan of 'stability' and 'development,' which were in turn used to legitimize the regime. Two themes have drawn scholarly attention to analyze the New Order Regime: "bureaucracy" and "family". In the Family part, women and men played a role as "Ibu (mother)" and "Bapak (father)". Ibu played important role within the theme of "Family" state. Under this era, all women were seemed to be along with Ibuism in which they were assumed as housewife. However what does it mean "traditional" Javanese pyiyayi (aristocracy) norm? Then I examine the process of dominant discourse about the 1937 debate on Monogamy toward maternal and companionate women within colonial Indonesia in 1930s. The article demonstrates that in response to ongoing processes of modernization or Westernization, Javanese gender perceptions were voiced in an Indonesian idiom of a moral character. By focusing discourse about Marriage Law (1974) and the Draft of Marriage Law (1937), this gender idiom was infused with the idea of harmony: harmony between Indonesian men and women and Islam within colonial context toward new political goal.