著者

藤原 信太郎 牛木 勝

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.173-176, 2015-09-30 (Released:2017-01-17)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1

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Conspicuous pores on face causes great concern to women across age boundaries because skin smoothness is one of the crucial beauty markers. Eye-catching pores are mainly distributed on the cheek and have dilated orifice, but cheek-specific changes leading to pore dilation have not been found, although some previous reports suggested that pore dilation is evoked by clogged sebum or the change in internal structure of the skin around pores. Focusing on the relationship between skin morphology and porous skin, many researchers examined the effect of the changes in shape of crista and sulcus cutis and isotropy of the surface morphology on the holistic impression of the pore size, but existing ideas have not provided sufficient understanding of the formation of porous skin. In this study, we hypothesized that rough skin texture adjacent to facial pore may contribute the impression of pore dilation, since few previous reports focused on the change in the shape of the radical triangle of the skin texture around each pore associated with skin dryness whereas it is localized at the center of sulcus cutis. We compared skin condition and texture figure around pores of the cheek to those of the forehead and eye area, and found that cheek-specific skin dehydration and many sulculus around the pore centers which might be evoked by the skin dryness and skin moves. Detailed observation of the inner surface of facial pores leads to the new finding. These findings suggested that the increased sulculus by skin dryness and skin moves contribute to the vision of porous skin via pore dilation and the addition of a dark shadow to the pore.

著者

南野 美紀

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.2, pp.109-124, 2018-06-30 (Released:2019-06-30)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

2

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Cosmetics that are used daily to keep our skin healthy and to make it look attractive, are available in many types where ingredients comprising them vary depending on the formulation in which they are contained. The infant stage of modern Japanese cosmetic history just after the Meiji Restoration (1868) saw many novel products appearing on the market one after another due to demands and changes in consumer perceptions, new findings in dermatology and the birth of new ingredients and development of formulation technologies, where up until then, only limited items e.g., facial cleansers and skin lotions for skincare and face powders, rouge and eyebrow pencils for makeup were commercially available. The myriad of cosmetic formulations available today are the fruits of the technology development history to meet consumer demands. With the recent advent of consumers demanding both efficacy and safety concurrently, cosmetic research and development too has entered a new era, and changes are envisaged in marketing strategies as well. Hence, to safely make full use of the products that flood the market today, their proper usage should be understood and executed correctly. This article will attempt to outline the types and usage of skincare cosmetic products that flourish the market through tracing the history of cosmetic technologies and marketing strategies.

著者

井澤 美苗 信野 明美 西村 友宏 登美 斉俊 中島 恵美

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.197-200, 2013-09-30 (Released:2014-10-29)

参考文献数

9

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Recent clinical research utilizing noninvasive functional measurement techniques has indicated that placebo effects might be therapeutically useful, because clear responses to placebo administration have been observed in patients' brains. Both physiological and mental states are affected by placebo and a role of brain receptor(s) was suggested. Factors influencing the placebo effect are the Pavlov reaction, expectation, cognition, and conditioning. Further, the nocebo effect is a negative reaction caused by anxiety, which acts as a confounding factor. Different outcomes may be obtained depending upon whether the placebo effect is evaluated in terms of objective or subjective responses. Correlation analyses of outcomes from various clinical trials indicate that placebo improves subjective response more effectively than objective parameters. Psychosocial care of patients is an important aspect of welfare, and a better understanding of the mechanism of the placebo effect will be helpful in this regard. Cognitive therapy is well known to be as efficacious as antidepressant medication for treating depression. Therefore, we studied the relationship between activity in the cerebral prefrontal area and counseling intervention. Aromatherapy is known to be effective to improve mood. We thus evaluated the influence of counseling on the efficacy of aromatherapy in healthy young women. Participants in a room filled with the fragrance of bergamot completed both a self-reported questionnaire (motivation, feeling of drowsiness and general fatigue) and multi-dimensional fatigue inventory-20 (MFI-20). Further, as an objective measure of changes in stress, blood flow in the inferior frontal cortex was evaluated by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). MFI-20 showed that the combination of aromatherapy with counseling significantly improved both brain activity and motivation, as compared to aromatherapy alone, though the self-reported questionnaire showed no significant difference. Regional blood flow in the inferior frontal cortex was significantly decreased by exposure to aromatherapy with counseling, compared to aromatherapy alone (p<0.05). The value of the NIRS-derived laterality index (LI), which is considered to be a measure of stress, was decreased by aromatherapy with counseling. Thus, we confirmed that the combination of aromatherapy with counseling intervention significantly improved mood and stress. Our results also demonstrated that counseling intervention increased the effectiveness of aromatherapy.

著者

近藤 滋

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.157-161, 2018-09-30 (Released:2019-09-30)

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It is known that the pattern present on the animal’s skin is a kind of wave (Turing pattern) created by the interaction between pigment cells. Basically, the patterns of all species are made on the same principle, the difference of patterns by species depends on subtle differences in interaction. So, if you find a molecule responsible for its interaction and artificially change its function, it should be possible to change the pattern. Our research group has revealed the interaction between pigment cells through molecular genetic experiments using zebrafish over the last two decades. Molecules responsible for interaction are already evident. By manipulating these genes, we are able to freely convert zebrafish patterns. Because the principle of pattern formation is probably the same for mammals, now, it is not impossible to change the skin of giraffe to the pattern of zebra horse.

著者

白壁 征夫

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.105-114, 2020-06-30 (Released:2021-06-30)

参考文献数

20

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I will briefly describe the history of Japanese facial skeletons before describing that of Japanese beauties. Japanese facial skeletons significantly changed with a diet shift from animal protein by mobile hunting and gathering to plant protein by sedentary agriculture probably around the 3rd century BC. In addition, Japanese facial features were diversified because different races immigrated from the north and the south to this vertically long country, and were mixed together. As far as women’s faces are concerned, the first painting of female faces in Japan is a mural of beautiful women from Takamatsuzuka Tomb painted allegedly around the late 7th to 8th century. Japanese female faces in ancient times can be seen only in portraits and sculptures, which were commissioned by rich men. It may be said that the Japanese standards of beautiful faces were established by upper-class people in those times. Around the 17th century, Ukiyo-e artists began painting “Bijin-ga”, or pictures of beautiful women who were popular among ordinary people rather than rich people. In addition, since photography was introduced into Japan in the late 19th century, the standards of beautiful faces in Japan significantly changed according to the facial preference of ordinary people. I will discuss the history of standards of beautiful female faces in the period shifting from painted portraits to photographed portraits in Japan.

著者

藤堂 浩明

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.106-111, 2021-06-30 (Released:2022-06-30)

参考文献数

9

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The skin concentration of topically applied cosmetic active ingredients is very important for evaluating cosmetics. However, the direct measurement of drug concentration in the membrane has several problems. Generally, controlling the removal of the drug formulation from the membrane surface is very difficult. Hard cleaning of the membrane surface decreases the membrane concentration, whereas inadequate cleaning may leave the drug formulation on the membrane. In the present paper, relationship between skin permeation and skin concentration is shown and research results with verification result for utilization to dose setting method guideline for human long-duration trials (Safety) is also introduced. I hope this paper will be helpful to ensure the efficacy and safety of cosmetic products.

著者

福井 崇

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.32-38, 2019-03-31 (Released:2020-03-31)

参考文献数

20

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In recent years, it is reported that UV light affect DNA damage, skin cancer and photo-aging such as age-spots and wrinkle. Along with the increasing awareness to protect the skin from UV light in these days, multi-functionalization is required to sunscreen not only for pool, sea and sports use, but also for daily use. Functions of sunscreen are needed to have high UV protection efficacy and less burden use feeling on the skin such as transparency after applying, moisturizing effect and comfortable feeling. In addition to that, it is reported that friction resistant function is important from the view point of actual consumer dairy life. This article reviews sunscreen formulations with high UVA protection efficacy and moisturizing of W/O technology by using plate like zinc oxide, and even protection film O/W technology by using α-gel capsule of UV absorbers. Furthermore, it also reviews UV protect evaluation method of sunscreen and sunscreen effects for photodermatosis, skin cancer and photo-aging such as age-spot, wrinkle and skin color evenness.

著者

高森 建二

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.92-95, 2014-06-30 (Released:2015-07-24)

参考文献数

12

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Itch has been defined as an unpleasant sensation that provokes the desire to scratch itch. The itch in dry skin such as xerosis and atopic dermatitis is antihistamin-resistant itch (intractable itch). The itch in dry skin is induced easily by weak stimuli such as mechanical, chemical or physiological stimuli (alloknesis). Alloknesis may be induced by lowering of itch threshold. One of the cause of this phenomenon is the elongation (invasion) of nerve fibers into the epidermis. In this paper the invasion mechanisms of nerve fiber into the epidermis and the management of itch in dry skin were discussed.

著者

森田 明理

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.6-10, 2013-03-31 (Released:2014-04-28)

参考文献数

21

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Skin aging following repeated exposures to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and tobacco smoking results largely from the damage to cutaneous connective tissue, which is composed of collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans. The alterations of cellular component and the extracellular matrix of dermal connective tissue after exposure to UV and tobacco smoke extracts. Our findings indicated that the skin premature aging induced by UV and tobacco smoke extracts share molecular features including abnormal regulation of extracellular matrix deposition through elevated MMPs, reduced collagen production and abnormal proteoglycan accumulation via ROS generation. Tobacco smoke contains more than 3800 constituents, including numerous water insoluble polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that trigger the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR; also called the dioxin receptor) signaling pathway. AhR knockdown abolished the increase in transcription of the AhR-dependent gene CYP1A1/CYP1B1 and MMP-1 upon treatment with either tobacco smoke extract. These findings suggest that the tobacco smoke extracts induced MMP-1 expression in human fibroblasts and keratinocytes via activation of the AhR pathway. Thus, the AhR pathway may be pathogenetically involved in extrinsic skin aging. In addition, natural sun light includes visible light and infrared A (IR-A). Although the effects of ultraviolet for photoaging have been largely investigated, those of IR-A remain unclear. Based on the recent studies, infrared A shares the mechanisms for photoaging with UV, including the induction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 through ERK and p38 MAP kinase activation. IR-A is absorbed intramitochondrially. There might be a chromosphere for IR-A radiation.

著者

林 伸和

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.12-19, 2016

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<p>Acne is a chronic skin condition that affects patient quality-of-life. More than 90% of the Japanese population experiences acne at some point in their lifetime. Comedones, which are caused by excess sebum secretion and hyperkeratosis in the infundibulum, appear in the first stage of acne. The second stage involves inflammatory eruptions mainly caused by <i>Propionibacterium acnes</i>. Benzyl-peroxide (BPO), and fixed combination products of BPO and clindamycin, became available in Japan in 2015. BPO acts on both comedones and inflammatory eruptions, and it can be used for maintenance therapy because it does not induce antibiotic-resistant <i>P. acnes.</i> To achieve early results and to prevent the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the revised guidelines for the treatments of acne in Japan recommend combination therapy with adapalene, antibiotics, and BPO, including fixed-combination topical agents, in the acute inflammatory phase. Once inflammation has improved, comedones treatment should be continued with adapalene and/or BPO in the maintenance phase to achieve further improvement and to prevent recurrence. The acute phase lasts approximately 3 months, and antibiotics should not be used for maintenance therapy. Sometimes, inflammatory eruptions can result in hypertrophic and atrophic scars that cannot be treated completely. Early aggressive treatment is important to prevent scars. Skin care and cosmetics are also important in the treatment of acne as well as to avoid aggravation. The guidelines recommend twice-daily face washing with a suitable cleanser. Non-comedogenic moisturizers should be used by patients who have dry skin and by those who need to avoid the adverse effects of adapalene and BPO. There is no reliable evidence connecting certain foods and acne, and we should not uniformly restrict specific foods. There is compelling evidence demonstrating the efficacy of azelaic acid and chemical peels with glycolic acids in the treatment of acne. Camouflage also helps acne patients improve their quality of life. To improve acne treatments, more evidence is needed regarding the integration of treatments and skin care.</p>

著者

廣中 直行

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.4, pp.276-281, 2012-12-31 (Released:2013-12-20)

参考文献数

20

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Scientific research on pleasant emotions has not progressed well as compared with unpleasant emotions like fear or anger. However, recently, the need to study pleasant emotions is increasing because they are closely related to an improvement in our quality of life. In this paper, we review neuroscientific research on hedonistic impact (“liking“) and motivation or desire (“wanting“). As for the neural substrates of pleasant emotions, the medial forebrain bundle is considered to be important. It originates from the ventral tegmentum area in the midbrain and projects to the nucleus accumbens, a part of the limbic system. This neural pathway responds to various kinds of rewarding stimuli and modifies our behavior to receive more of them. The neurotransmitter dopamine plays an important role for such motivation. A continuous expectation of coming rewards is critical to maintain dopamine release from the nucleus accumbens. The dynamics of dopamine release seems to be well accounted for by the models of the learning theory in psychology and/or the marginal utility theory in economics. When we actually decide to take something, the decision making is in process. The specific brain region, the orbitofrontal cortex, is known to be deeply implicated in decision making. Dysfunction of this region leads to impulsive choices, which then focuses on short-term hedonistic rewards and neglects long-term loss. It is apparent that so many brain regions are working together as a system to optimize our behavior to increase chances for getting rewards. This system is essential for our survival, but sometimes a malfunction leads us to pathological states like addiction. To avoid this condition, a long-term future perspective and symbiotic relationships with others are important. The impact of pleasant emotions to construct symbiosis in society would be an important future research topic.

著者

鈴森 正幸

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.27-35, 2018-03-31 (Released:2019-03-31)

参考文献数

19

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Why people wear make-up is a fundamental and wide-ranging question. Make-up and skin care have evolved over the course of time through the influence of society and culture. Having undergone many changes, the term “make-up” has become a word that encompasses numerous meanings and concepts. In an attempt to answer the question why people wear make-up, this paper first analyzes what constitutes make-up from the viewpoint of make-up activities and the meaning of make-up, then it traces the changes in what comprises make-up in Japanese cosmetic culture. Lastly it examines modern make-up from three perspectives: the allure of women’s appearance, the effects of make-up, and the interpretation of beauty culture.

著者

伊藤 隆司

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.199-208, 2019-09-30 (Released:2020-09-30)

参考文献数

24

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Hair care products include shampoo, conditioner, treatment, hairstyling product, perm agent, coloring agent, and hair growing agent. The products other than shampoo and hair growing agent are used for scalp hair shaft, which is a dead part. Therefore, unlike skin care products, it is characteristic for hair care products that some of them act with a chemical reaction, like permanent wave lotions and oxidation hair dyes. In this article, I explain hair care products except in-bath products (shampoo, conditioner, and treatment) with a focus on their functions, product types, purposes, ingredients, and usages. Hairstyling can be performed by rearranging hydrogen bonds in hair. In other cases, hairstyles are made by fixing hair fibers with fixative ingredients. Hairstyling products assisting hairstyling or fixing hairstyles include hair sprays, hair water or lotions, hair foams, hair creams or milks, gels, liquids, tonics, oils, waxes, etc. The characteristics of their forms and components are explained. Perm agent is intended to change hair shape permanently by cleavage and recombination of disulfide bonds in the hair. In addition to the perm agent of quasi-drug from the past, there has been extending recently curling agents of the cosmetic category, of which curling mechanism is based on the reduction and oxidation of disulfide bonds, same as quasi-drugs. As for hair coloring agent, there are also quasi-drugs and cosmetic products. In the quasi-drug category, there are oxidation hair dyes and bleaching agents. There are semi-permanent hair color and temporary hair color in cosmetic products. Their coloring mechanisms and including components are described. As for hair growing agents, many effective ingredients have been proposed in accordance with the mechanism of thinning hair. I explain briefly products in the categories of medicine and quasi-drug.

著者

大谷 道輝

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.96-102, 2014

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There are many cases where patients use ointments inappropriately. One of the reasons is that there are only few studies about ointments. Even medical package insert of ointments does not give specific instructions about usage and dosage. For moisturizers, the number of times to apply to the skin is one to a few times, but not clearly specified. There has not been many studies done on the relationship between the number of times applied to the skin and the efficacy of the moisturizers. In the past, ointments were applied after bathing. However, recent studies have shown that there is no significant difference between applying just after bathing and after few hours. There are many cases where ointments are used together with other ointments. In these cases, ointments are often mixed together. However, there are only a few studies done on the permeability of ointments which are mixed. Overglazing is also very popular, but there has been no study done on the order of application and permeability. For these reasons, further study will be needed to properly use ointments.

著者

篠原 一之 西谷 正太

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.4, pp.303-309, 2012-12-31 (Released:2013-12-20)

参考文献数

72

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Whether pheromone signaling exists in humans is still a matter of intense discussion. In this review, the likelihood of pheromonal communication in humans is assessed with a discussion of the vomeronasal system is functional in humans; and the possible ways pheromones operate in humans. Although the vomeronasal organ (VNO), a putative pheromone receptor organ, has been implicated in the reception of pheromones in many vertebrates, it is not the only pathway through which such information has access to the central nervous system. In fact, the main olfactory system also detects pheromones. In addition, an important caveat for humans is that critical components typically found within the functioning vomeronasal system of other, nonprimate, mammals are lacking, suggesting that the human vomeronasal system does not function in the way that has been described for other mammals. Therefore, linking detection of pheromones with the vomeronasal system as pheromones is a non sequitur. Thus, in the years since the introduction of pheromones, the extensiveness of the concept has expanded. In a broader perspective, pheromones can be classified as primers, signalers, modulators, and releasers. Examples include affects on the menstrual cycle (primer effects); olfactory recognition of newborn by its mother (signaler effects); individuals may exude different odors based on mood (suggestive of modulator effects); breast crawl of newborn (releaser effects).

著者

友木 依里子 関東 裕美 辻 行貴

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.1-8, 2018-03-31 (Released:2019-03-31)

参考文献数

20

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The degree of lip dryness is accompanied by the changes in atmospheric temperature and/or humidity. In an attempt to relieve lip dryness, lip is commonly and involuntarily licked. When lip dryness becomes noticeable, people often apply products such as lip balm to protect the lips, but this may be insufficient to hydrate them because toothpaste and facial wash tend to dry them whenever they are used. Also, during the dry winter season, involuntary lip-licking to hydrate the lips becomes habitual, even among adults, occasionally leading to lip-licking dermatitis. Apart from lip-licking, tooth brushing and lip-biking are able to make lips more prone to get dry and sore. The overall evaluation on lip appearance is often reflected by the severity of chapped lips (e.g., cracks and/or peels), but due to the variation in individual’s sensitivities, the subjective dryness assessment does not necessarily agree with the objective evaluation. Therefore, we tried to develop an objective lip dryness scoring system based on the analysis of UV light-exposed lip images that could capture the dryness conditions usually undetectable through medical interviews or gross examination. We also discussed how subjective and objective lip evaluations were associated with daily life-related matters derived from medical interviews and questionnaires.

著者

宇戸平 久美子 横山 恵美理 NICOLAS Alexandre VELLEMAN Damien

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.213-220, 2022-09-30 (Released:2023-09-30)

参考文献数

12

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The lips are a prominent part of the face along with the eyes, and their shape and color can affect the impression of the face. In terms of the color of the lips, the most common concerns were whitish, thin, dull, and the difference in color between the upper and lower lips. It is also recognized that the color of lips become lighter and duller with age, but the thinner shape makes it difficult to measure the color precisely with conventional instruments.In this study, we measured the color of vermilion part of the upper and lower lips of 765 volunteers (aged 15–74) in winter using a non-contact measurement device. Of which 162 were reassessed in summer in order to investigate seasonal changes.Since lip color tends to gradually lower brightness, redness, and yellowness with age after 30s, it was considered as one of the aging sign. In addition, it was confirmed that the lower lip color changes more with age than the upper lip. Sun exposure habits and seasonal change did not affect much the color of lips, but smoking habits suggested that lip color was greatly influenced by blood flow.There was a moderate correlation between the brightness of the lips and skin (cheek), but no correlation was found for other color values. It was confirmed that lip color was not affected by water content.It was found that there were three types of lip color among Japanese women, but there was a difference between the actual color values and the self-assessment.

著者

市橋 正光 長濱 宏治

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.30-35, 2020-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

参考文献数

19

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Facial cosmetics are essential for female to make them young and personally attractive, and have developed thousands of years in human history. Mesenchymal stem cells are currently shown to be effective to recover neuronal function of stroke patients with severe disability which are resistant to common treatment modalities, and now have been applied to the treatment of other intractable diseases, mostly related to aging, including skin rejuvenation. After brief introduction of mechanisms of skin aging focusing on photo-aging of sun-exposed skin, a possible application of regenerative medicine to the recovery from age-related damaged skin is discussed. Application of autologous skin-derived cultured fibroblasts and fat tissue-derived cells, including of extracellular vesicles originated from mesenchymal stem cells to aged human skin is introduced. The most important point to be solved scientifically which is thought to deprive of efficacy of cell therapy in cosmetic medicine, is how effectively to confine injected cells within the area for a few weeks and a month to exert them to produce new and young extra-cellular matrixes, such as collagen, proteoglycans and elastic fibers to recover youth in aged-skin. Further, a promising function of extracellular vesicles, particularly exosome, on skin rejuvenation will be introduced based on recent scientific reports published. Innovative cosmetics are expected to support and enhance the efficacy of stem cell and stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles-induced rejuvenation of aged and photo-aging skin.

著者

山口 創

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.51-58, 2022-03-31 (Released:2023-03-31)

参考文献数

33

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The skin has been explored in various fields such as physiology, neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy. However, considering its multi-layered functions, it will be ideal to study the skin on multidisciplinary arena. The tactile sensation captured by the skin has unique characteristics compared to other four types of senses among the five senses. Tactile sensation is perceived as reality, reciprocity, sense of unity, and as an interoception. Therefore, if touching is applied to contact with other people, it is possible to quickly build an intimate relationship. Interestingly, self-touch has the effect of directing one’s inner consciousness and has characteristics that are different from what is produced by touching others. The skin has tactile nerves that produce sense of pleasure, which respond only to touches applied at a slow speed of about 3 cm to 10 cm per second. When this nerve ignites, oxytocin is secreted in the brain. Oxytocin has various roles that contribute to physical and mental health, such as relieving stress reactions and promoting fat metabolism. One can even promote oxytocin secretion by oneself. Oxytocin is secreted by physical contact, volunteer activities, and enjoying the five senses and so on. Recently, it has been known that oxytocin affect not only general health but also life expectancy. Due to various difficulties caused by COVID-19, the secretion of oxytocin is suppressed in people in general, and especially women are suffering from its adverse effects.

著者

用量設定法ガイドライン検討委員会 藤堂 浩明 足立 浩章 今井 教安 上中 麻規子 内田 崇志 大谷 道輝 澤田 美月 成田 昌稔 西島 貴史 野村 宜史 宮坂 美行 畑尾 正人 増永 卓司 山口 雅彦 佐々 齊 知久 真巳 川田 裕三 古屋 律子 藤井 まき子

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.99-108, 2019-06-30 (Released:2020-06-30)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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The skin concentration of topically applied cosmetic active ingredients is very important for evaluating cosmetics. However, a large variation is often observed in finite dose experiments due to the evaporation of volatile components in the formulation and difficulties for applying formulation uniformly. In addition, steady-state skin concentration could not be attained even after several hours of application. In this verification report, we conducted in vitro skin permeation experiment with an infinite dose to confirm whether formulation with the highest skin permeation would also show the highest skin concentration. Three formulations, lotion, milk, and cream, and the mixture of these formulations containing isopropyl methyl phenol (IPMP) as a model ingredient were applied to excised human skin in eight research facilities. The present experiment was conducted with receptor solution containing 1.0% of Brij 98 in order to increase solubility of IPMP in the receptor fluid without changing skin integrity. The obtained results were consistent among the facilities in the following order of skin permeation (lotion>milk>cream≅the mixture) and corresponded with that of the skin concentration. This result showed that evaluation of topical formulations with in vitro skin permeation experiment with an infinite dose could identify the formulation which exhibited the highest steady-state skin concentration of cosmetic active ingredients. In addition, experiment with mixture formulation might reveal changes in skin permeability associated with changes in thermodynamic activity of IPMP after co-application of several formulations on the skin.