著者

松野 隆則 Takanori MATSUNO

出版者

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.31-40, 2012

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Handwriting samples of a given Japanese text were collected from female student participants (N=50). Affective impressions regarding the appearance of the handwriting samples were assessed using the Semantic Differential technique. A factor analysis revealed three dimensions of impressions about handwriting, which were semantically similar to the dimensions of person perception. Another panel of female students inferred the big-five personality traits of the writers from the handwriting samples. All inferred personality traits were moderately or strongly correlated with at least one dimension of the impressions about handwriting. However, there were no satistically significant correlations between the dimensions of impressions about the handwriting and the writer's actual personality traits as assessed by the Big-Five Scales. The process and the fallaciousness of naive graphological inferences are discussed.

著者

本多ハワード 素子/入吉 礼菜 入吉 礼菜

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.11-19, 2014-03-31

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We conducted a scenario experiment to investigate the effects of both of self-presentation style and story-telling style about experiences of past failures, on the evaluations of job applicants. Participants (N = 95) read one of four types of application forms which were constructed by combining one of two stories with or without self-discovery through past failure, and one of two self-presentation styles: self-enhancing or self-effacing. Then, impressions about the applicant, such as intimacy, ability, sincerity, obedience, decency, and attractiveness as an in-group member were evaluated. The results indicated that self-enhancing presentations had a positive effect on evaluations of an applicant's ability, and a negative effect on evaluations of intimacy. Moreover, stories of self-discovery had a positive effect on attractiveness of the applicant as an in-group member. Furthermore, there was an interactive effect between the story-telling and self-presentation styles on evaluation of an applicant's decency. We have discussed the effects of self-effacing presentations on the new graduate job-hunting system in Japan.

著者

平田 万理子

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.39-52, 2007-03-31

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The effect of perspective taking style on difference-based sense of the self was investigated. Undergraduate participants (n=94) watched a video. When watching the video, participants were either asked to image other perspectives for the target of the video, to. get into the other, or to watch video objectively. After watching the video, their difference-based sense of self was assessed and they also responded to the Perspective Taking scale Japanese version (Nakae et al., 2000; originally developed by Davis 1983a). As with previous studies, factor analysis of the Perspective Taking scale scores indicated a two-factor solution. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that the more symbiotic the participants were less was the perceived difference-based sense of self. Results suggested that perspective taking as a personality variable was more predictive than perspective taking as an experimental condition.

著者

佐藤 昌子 木村 あやの 藤崎 春代

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.25-38, 2010-03-31

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An important function of the Counseling Room affiliated with the Showa Women`s University is training graduate students in clinical psychology. Graduate student interns in this institute, supported by clinical psychologist, assess and counsel clients varying from children to the elderly. In the Counseling Room, the use of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale(WISC and WAIS) for assessment has continued to increase and currently accounts for nearly 40% of all cases in 2009.The results of WISC tests performed on 30 participants (aged 6 to 16 years) between April 2006 and June 2009 are reported and the contribution of using the scales to the education of clinical psychologists is discussed.

著者

田口 香代子 古川 真人 Kayoko TAGUCHI Masato FURUKAWA

出版者

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.45-50, 2005

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The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) was translated into Japanese and its reliability and validity was examined. Female undergraduate and junior college students (N=252) completed a questionnaire and valid data were obtained from 213 of these participants. Factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed and the correlation coefficient between PTGI and several scales was calculated to examine the validity of the scale. Major findings were as follows,(1) The Japanese version of PTGI consisted of two factors:(a) Realization of situation surrounding the self and (b) Discovery and certainty of self-competence.(2) The Japanese version of PTGI was unrelated to social desirability and neuroticism. The scale was positively correlated with optimism, extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agreeableness.(3) The Reliability of the scale based on internal consistency was satisfactory.

著者

島谷 まき子/椿 徳子 椿 徳子

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.21-31, 2013-03-31

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Changes in cognitions about the mood; before,during,and after binge eating were investigated. First, a pilot study was conducted with female university students (N=153) and a questionnaire was developed that consisted of items measuring binge eating disorder (BED) tendencies, eating behavior addiction, and changes in cognition about the mood; before,during, and after eating in relation to three factors: depression/fatigue,self-contempt/anxiety, and restlessness. In the main study, female university students(N=205) that were first divided into three groups:control group, pre-BED tendency group, and BED tendency group responded to this questionnaire. Results indicated the following:(1) The pre-BED and BED tendency groups had higher eating addiction scores compared to the control group;(2) The pre-BED and BED tendency groups had higher cognition of mood scores for all factors before, during, and after eating;(3) Depression/fatigue decreased after compared to befor eating in the control and pre-BED tendency groups, whereas this was not the case in the BED tendency group;(4)Self-contempt/anxiety increased after eating in the pre-BED and BED tendency groups.

著者

藤島 喜嗣 町田 玲奈

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.35-44, 2006-03-31

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The present study investigates the hypothesis that people should overestimate the extent to which their make-up changes are noticed by others. In Experiment 1, female participant who was asked to change her make-up overestimated the number of observers who would be able to notice her make-up change. Neither male nor female observers differed in their ability of noticing actor's make-up change. These results provide the evidence of the spotlight effect in cosmetic behaviors. In Experiment 2, a substantial time delay attenuated the actor's overestimation, but did not attenuate the actor's belief about the observer's ability of detection. It supports an anchoring-and-adjustment interpretation of the spotlight effect. Consistently with prior researches, the spotlight effect in cosmetic behaviors seems to be a kind of egocentiric bias. The implications for interpersonal relationships were discussed.

著者

海野 裕子 三浦 香苗

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.53-62, 2007-03-31

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Feelings of undergraduate students about being alone were clarified by comparing feelings about being alone actively and passively. Undergraduate student participants (N=315) completed a questionnaire consisting of rating scales and free descriptions. The results indicated the following. (1) A Majority of participants indicated that they were "quite often, " "often" or "sometimes, " actively alone. However, most participants also indicated that they were "sometimes," "rarely" or "never" passively alone. (2) Most free descriptions indicated that feelings about being alone passively, were negative, whereas descriptions about being alone actively included a variety of feelings, such as negative feelings, ambivalent feelings, and neutral feelings. (3) Results suggest that feelings about being alone were closely related to instability and difficulties that are peculiar to adolescence.

著者

百瀬 良/越智 眞理子/佐藤 昌子/松永 しのぶ/藤崎 春代 越智 眞理子 佐藤 昌子

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.81-93, 2014-03-31

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In 2010, we inaugurated a developmental counseling room as a part of a regional project to support children with developmental disorders. Part 1 of this study examined individual consultations and Part 2, Parent Training conducted in this counseling room. Results of Part 1 indicated that the goal of individual consultations were to accept the awareness and anxieties of such children's caretakers, provide psychological education and assistance based on assessment results, and refer clients to other specialized institutions and regional support programs. Future tasks are (1) improving the accuracy of assessments by using test batteries matched to the children's age and stage of development, and (2) gathering up-to-date information on systems and institutions available to care for such children. Part 2 of this study indicated that Parent Training met parent's needs to learn methods of coping with their children, to ease their sense of isolation, and for psychological support. It is suggested that the future task of Part 2 of this program is to respond to the need for longitudinal care as children mature. In conclusion, results indicated the need to combine individual consultations matched to a child's developmental stage and characteristics, and Parent Training that benefits from mutual interactions.

著者

今城 周造 Shuzo IMAJO

出版者

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.1-10, 2013

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The information that a product is scarce, or on sale for only a limited time, threatens the freedom to purchase the product, by arousing psychological reactance and increased the motivation to purchase. It was hypothesized that information about restrictions on available quantity of a product (Hypothesis 1), and information about restrictions on available time (Hypothesis 2), would increase the intention to purchase the product. Female undergraduates (N=100) participated in a study to test these hypotheses. Participants were randomly allocated to a quantity-restriction, time-restriction, or a control condition. They were instructed to assume they were at a soft drink stand. A notice was displayed to the participants that manipulated the perception of the availability of the target product. In the quantity-restriction condition, the notice announced that there were only two bottles of soft drinks left on that day, and in the time-restriction condition, it was announced that it was the last day of drink sales. After reading the notice, participants were asked to indicate how they evaluated the product. A one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons revealed that the mean intent-to-purchase in the time-restriction condition only, was significantly greater than that in the control condition, which supported Hypothesis 2. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

著者

海野 裕子 三浦 香苗 Yuko UMINO Kanae MIURA

出版者

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.51-61, 2010

被引用文献数

2

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Relationship between emotions about spending time alone, how they spend their time to be alone,and the degree of loneliness and anthrophobic tendencies in university students were investigated. We administered a multiple-scale questionnaire to 347 university student participants. The main results were as follows:(1) A positive correlation was found between emotions about independence/ideals, and "awareness of individuality," an aspect of loneliness; and a weak negative correlation was found between emotions about loneliness/anxiety and "understanding and sympathy between people," also an aspect of loneliness. However, there was no relationship between emotions about fulfillment/satisfaction,and loneliness.(2) A positive correlation was observed between awareness of individuality and how participants spent their time during rest/liberation, and introspection.(3) Anthrophobic tendencies showed a significant positive correlation with loneliness/anxiety,and a significant negative correlation with fulfillment/satisfaction.(4)Anthrophobic tendencies showed a significant positive correlation with rest/liberation. These results suggest that awareness of individuality in loneliness was related to time to be alone, and that anthrophobic tendencies, a personality characteristic, were also related to time to be alone.

著者

湯沢 純子 渡邊 佳明 松永 しのぶ

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.119-129, 2007

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the feelings of mothers caring for children with autism. In addition, mother's stress and support needs were investigated. Methods: 88 mothers of individuals with autism completed questionnaires on the feelings of mothers with handicapped children, social support, and they freely described the mother's stress and support needs. Results: Factor analysis revealed that mother's feelings consisted of four factors: Pessimistic Feelings, Positive Attitudes to Childcare, Self-Growth, and Inability to Accept Disability. Compared to mothers of children with autism with severe intellectual disabilities, those of children without intellectual disabilities had a significantly greater Inability to Accept Disability. Many mothers experienced the most stress during infancy, and stressors included the challenging behaviors of the child and the difficulty of childcare. Effective sources of support included other parents of children with autism, professionals, and the husband. Conclusion: Positive and negative feelings of mothers of children with autism were identified. Mothers experienced various types of stressors, and these stressors continued beyond adulthood. Finally, the clinical implications of the present results are discussed.

著者

渡邊 彩 島谷 まき子

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.39-47, 2005-03-31

被引用文献数

1

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This fundamental study investigated if picture appreciation could be established as a form of psychotherapy by focusing on changes of feeling as an index of the mental effect of picture appreciation, in addition to the language description method, which is a form of picture appreciation therapy. Participants were 30 males and 30 females. We examined whether the mental effect differed depending on the type of picture, its impression and participants'taste. Seven factors were extracted by factor analysis of measures of current feelings. Results indicated that when the impression created by a picture was positive, the mental effect of picture appreciation changed positively regardless of the type of picture.

著者

安香 宏

出版者

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要

巻号頁・発行日

no.1, pp.12-22, 1998