著者

木下 尚樹 安原 英明

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.3, pp.53-57, 2017-03-01 (Released:2017-03-31)

参考文献数

16

---

It is of significant importance to safely isolate the radioactive wastes from the human environments. Entombment of the wastes in deep subsurface may be a plausible solution on this issue, and will be adopted in the countries where the nuclear power plants are in operation. Before burying them in the targeted rocks, the longterm evolution of the mechanical and the hydraulic properties of the targeted rocks should be predicted with a certain precision. To this end, in this study we examined the change of the apparent secant elastic modulus and the permeability of a single fracture in the Berea sandstone and the Horonobe mudstone samples under the relatively high temperature and confining pressure conditions. The apparent secant elastic modulus of the mudstone increased with the increase of the holding time and specifically, the values at 90 ºC were greater than those at 25 ºC, while that of the sandstone little increased with time. In contrast, the permeability of both the mudstone and sandstone samples monotonically decreased with time, and the rates of the permeability reduction were close among all the samples. The increase of the elastic modulus and the decrease of the permeability may be attributed to the chemomechanical processes such as pressure solution and the mechanisms explaining the changes should be clarified. Although the mechanisms are still ambiguous, the increase of the elastic modulus and the permeability reduction with time may improve the integrity of the targeted rocks.

著者

木下 尚樹 安原 英明 矢田部 龍一 加賀山 肇

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.3, pp.45-52, 2017-03-01 (Released:2017-03-31)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

---

Rockfall is an important geo-hazard of mountainous area in Japan and has gained greater attention and recognition due primarily to the severe accidents and mortalities happening in roadways and railways. Rock fall countermeasures are classified into preventive works and protectors. In rock protectors that have high rigidity, there are rock protecting fence, rock protecting wall and rock shed, etc. On the other hand, there is a pocket type rock net which excels in the application condition of the topography and absorbs energy by deforming itself. The standard absorbable energy of the pocket type rock net is 100 kJ. Then, the rock net is designed so that the absorbed energy exceeds the falling rock energy. However, in recently, many types of rock net such as high energy type and long span type have been developed, and there are cases where conventional design methods cannot be applied. In this study, the performance of a long span pocket type rock net was evaluated by dynamic analysis. Firstly, the physical properties of the rock net members were identified by comparing the results of the real scale field experiments with the dynamic analyses. Then, the relationships between the displacement of the net and the net width, the maximum tensional force of a horizontal rope and the rope position, etc. were evaluated by the dynamic analyses. Typically, these evaluations by conventional design methods are laborious and are carried out using the results of real scale field experiments. However, the current study revealed that the predictions by the dynamic, numerical analyses showed the validity of the performance evaluation by this means.

著者

武下 臣 伊藤 秀男 花上 康宏

出版者

一般社団法人資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.123, no.12, pp.704-706, 2007-12-25 (Released:2010-12-17)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2 5

---

Yokkaichi plant of Mitsubishi Materials Corporation was established in 1968. The products are high purity polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) for use in semiconductors. The productivity expanded from 1.5t/M up to 1800t/Y in 40 years. Hydrogen reduction of trichlorosilane on heated silicon rod, commonly called "Siemens' process", had progressed at Yokkaichi plant. The outline of the process is described.

著者

辰本 拓也 綱澤 有輝 小板 丈敏 高谷 雄太郎 小山 恵史 所 千晴

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.11_12, pp.52-62, 2023-12-29 (Released:2023-12-27)

参考文献数

18

---

To clarify the mechanism of liberation in the comminution process of electronic scrap (e-scrap), we attempted to express the degree of liberation by first-order kinetic equation related to impact energy. Breakage energy measurements, comminution experiments, and discrete element method (DEM) simulations were conducted on two types of e-scrap with relatively simple structures. The mechanism of the liberation was estimated from the observation of the fractions in the comminution experiments. The results of the breakage energy measurements and DEM simulations supported the mechanism in terms of impact energy. The results of fitting first-order kinetic equations based on the cumulative specific impact energy from the DEM simulations and the degree of liberation in the experiments showed a high correlation. The fitting parameters of the firstorder kinetic equations were compared confirmed to be consistent with the mechanism of liberation and the breakage energy measurements, suggesting the numerical validity of the equations. In conclusion, it was shown that for e-scrap with relatively simple structures, the first-order kinetic equations of the cumulative specific impact energy calculated by DEM simulations can be used to evaluate the degree of liberation.

著者

晴山 渉 須藤 孝一 井上 千弘 千田 佶 中澤 廣

出版者

The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.123, no.3, pp.117-122, 2007-03-25 (Released:2009-12-15)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

---

Chlorinated organic compounds such as trichloroethene (TCE) have caused soil and ground water pollution on a lot of sites. Oxidation processes which are produced hydroxyl radical are effective to remediate these contaminated sites, because they are able to degrade TCE. This paper describes photochemical oxidation of TCE with citrate ion and iron ion. Citrate ion and iron ion form some complexes (Fe-citrate complexes) which absorb the light of wavelength below 450nm. The Fe-citrate complexes were able to be decomposed TCE with black light lamp (wavelength: 320-400 nm). Approximately 50% of initial TCE concentration (100mg/L) decomposed within about 7 hours when the molar ratio of iron ion to TCE is 4 and the molar ratio of citrate ion to TCE is 4. The degradation rate of TCE using citrate ion and iron ion was lower than using oxalate ion and iron ion. The excess iron ions inhibited the TCE degradation because some of iron ions formed iron hydroxide and it absorbed lights essential for the photochemical reaction. Therefore, the photodegradation of TCE needs sufficient citrate ion to ensure for forming Fe-citrate complex formation. TCE was degraded between initial pH 2.5 and 10.6. The degradation rate of TCE was higher in the condition of acidity than the condition of alkalinity. In acidic condition, the dominant iron species was [Fe(III)(C6H5O7)] which is the important species for TCE photodegradation. On the other hand, even in alkaline condition, [Fe(II)(C6H5O7)]- existed as an Fe-citrate complex. So, this fact shows strongly that [Fe(II)(C6H5O7)]- photochemically degrades TCE under the condition of alkalinity.

著者

武政 尚太 諸井 克哉 下前 祐也 石橋 智博 西村 竜一 新苗 正和

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.10, pp.47-51, 2023-10-31 (Released:2023-10-28)

参考文献数

10

---

Ru(III) chlorocomplexes are poorly extracted into organic solvents, which is due to the charge of the complex as well as those inert character in chloride solutions, that is, formation of RuCl6-n(H2O)n(3-n)- (n=0-6). Therefore, it is difficult to extract Ru(III) by solvent extraction, and Ru(III) is currently separated and purified by the oxidative distillation method. If Ru can be separated and recovered from chloride solutions by solvent extraction, an efficient separation and recovery process for PGMs can be established. Therefore, it is important to investigate the solvent extraction of Ru(III) from chloride solutions. The authors have previously studied solvent extraction of Ru(III) with 2-ethylhexylamine (EHA), which is a primary amine extractant, from chloride solutions and shown that the extraction of Ru(III) with EHA from chloride solutions without the addition of Sn (II)was high. However, the stripping of Ru(III) was difficult. In the present study, extractions of Ru from hydrochloric acid solutions with EHA and octylamine (OA), which are primary amines, were tested to clarify the extraction of Ru and the stripping of Ru with various stripping solutions. The extraction efficiency of Ru with EHA and OA from hydrochloric acid solutions without the addition of Sn (II) was high. And also, it was found that Ru could be easily stripped from EHA with sodium sulfate solutions.

著者

高崎 康志 川上 祥一 久保 雛乃 金児 紘征

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.9, pp.39-46, 2023-09-30 (Released:2023-09-30)

参考文献数

17

---

The anodic dissolution reaction of copper in copper electro-refining was studied by considering the reaction of galvanic couples with different metals as impurities. In this study, zinc was chosen as a typical anodic impurity and silver as a cathodic impurity, and electrochemical measurements of galvanic couples with silver or zinc wires winding around a copper wire and in situ observation of the electrode surface using a stereo microscope were carried out. For comparison, copper wire with zinc or silver plating was used. As a result, even the simple method of winding silver or zinc wire around copper wire was able to capture the characteristic behavior of the galvanic reaction of silver and zinc on copper wire. It was also confirmed that zinc dissolution was accelerated by copper and copper dissolution was accelerated by silver, and that the effects were more promoted under anodic polarization. The crystallization and passivation of copper sulfate on the copper electrode surface and the dissolution behavior of silver were also observed. These results indicate that the experimental method presented in this study is an effective way to investigate the effects of impurities on the solubility and passivation of crude copper metal.

著者

谷ノ内 勇樹 岡部 徹

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.4-8, pp.29-38, 2023-08-31 (Released:2023-08-18)

参考文献数

107

---

The recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs) from end-of-life products or waste is essential to ensure a steady supply of PGMs and preserve the natural environment. Currently, spent automobile catalysts are necessary secondary resources for Pt, Pd, and Rh; numerous smelting and recycling companies have actively practiced their processing. However, several factors limit the efficiency of PGM recovery in the current recycling processes. Specifically, PGMs represent a small proportion of the catalyst and are difficult to dissolve in aqueous solutions for subsequent separation and purification. Various technological developments are underway to improve the efficiency and sustainability of PGM recycling process. Herein, we outline the typical industrial processes for recovering PGMs from spent automobile catalysts. Furthermore, chemical pretreatments, such as reduction, alloying, oxidation, chlorination, and sulfation, have been introduced as effective ways to leach PGMs.

著者

山崎 哲生

出版者

The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.12, pp.829-835, 2008-12-25 (Released:2011-02-15)

参考文献数

31

---

Japan has a manganese nodule mining claim in the Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zones, the Kuroko-type massive seafloor sulfide deposits (SMS) and cobalt-rich manganese crusts (CMC) in Japan's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and the continental shelves. Japan needs to use these deep-sea mineral resources as future strategic metal and rare earth element supply sources. Furthermore, the development technologies have wide variations in applying for the other food and energy supply targets in EEZ and continental shelves and the same-type resources of Pacific island nations'.Some current topics in deep-sea mineral resources development and the development technologies are introduced. Possibility and necessity of deep-sea mineral resources development for Japan are discussed.

著者

石山 大三 小川 泰正 広瀬 和世 武田 知己 中村 晋作 若狭 幸 オセニェング オラオツェ ステバノビッチ ゾラン

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.2_3, pp.10-20, 2023-03-31 (Released:2023-03-31)

参考文献数

15

---

In the study area of eastern Serbia, which includes the Bor and Maidenpek mining areas of the Republic of Serbia, a research of environmental evaluation of the study area was carried out by means of field survey for environment and satellite image analysis in order to establish and improve methods for assessing the environmental impact of mining areas by satellite image analysis. The results of this study showed that it was possible to efficiently determine the distribution of overburdens and tailings in a wide area based on the distribution of points having jarosite spectra, and that it was possible to distinguish waste rocks such as overburdens and tailings with high environmental impact from those waste rocks with relatively low environmental impact based on the mineral assemblage of the waste rocks estimated from satellite image analysis. In addition, if topographical data before and after mining development are obtained from the satellite image analysis, the volume of the waste rocks can be estimated, and the quantitative estimation of the amount of toxic elements dissolved from the waste rocks could be possible by combining the experimental data on the extraction of toxic elements from the waste rocks. In addition, the predicted hazardous area (Type I), where high concentration of Cu may be leached from the waste rocks revealed by the surface survey, corresponds to the area where waste rocks such as overburdens and tailings is distributed around the mine and the area where waste rocks such as tailing is distributed along the river downstream of the mine as estimated by the satellite image analysis. These results indicate that it is possible to predict the environmental impact in advance of the survey in the mining area, and to predict the environmental impact in the mining area where it is not possible to go directly to the survey and to consider guidelines for countermeasures.

著者

奥寺 俊暉 関本 英弘

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.1, pp.1-9, 2023-01-31 (Released:2023-01-31)

参考文献数

34

---

Surface morphology of lead deposits from H2SiF6-PbSiF6 electrolyte containing an animal glue was investigated by means of the periodic galvanostatic electrolysis and SEM-EDS observation. The weight average molecular weight of the glue was also determined with the static light scattering measurement. The temporal changes of the overpotential and the weight average molecular weight were discussed in terms of the elapsed time after preparing the electrolyte which contained 100 g∙L−1 of H2SiF6 and 100 g∙L−1 of Pb(II) and in which the initial concentration of the glue (Cglue) was 0–10.0 g∙L−1. The dendritic growth of lead deposits was observed from the electrolyte of Cglue = 0 g∙L−1 in the galvanostatic electrolysis where the cathodic current density and the electrolyte temperature was −150 A∙m−2 and 40 ℃, respectively. Smooth and dense lead deposits were obtained in the electrolyte of Cglue = 0.5–5.0 g∙L−1 when the elapsed time τ = 0 d. The surface of the deposits gradually became rough with increasing τ in the electrolyte of Cglue = 0.1–1.0 g∙L−1. On the other hand, nodules or bearded deposits were observed on the deposits obtained in the electrolyte of Cglue = 5.0 g∙L−1 when τ = 1–2 d. After this, the surface became smooth with the further increase of τ. The change of the weight average molecular weight of the glue (Mr,w) with τ was described with the equation, 1/(Mr,w)τ = 1/(Mr,w)0 + k′τ, in the electrolyte containing 100 g∙L−1 of free H2SiF6 and 100 g∙L−1 of Pb(II) at 40 ℃. The k′ value was evaluated to be 5 × 10−9 min−1 in the electrolyte of Cglue = 1.0 g∙L−1 and 6 × 10−9 min−1 in the electrolyte of Cglue = 10.0 g∙L−1.

著者

赤塚 真依子 玉村 修司 五十嵐 敏文 金子 勝比古

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.131, no.7, pp.459-464, 2015-07-01 (Released:2015-07-01)

参考文献数

30

---

As one of the application of coal resources, domestic and overseas industries have been focusing on the recovery of methane from coal resources by methanogens using low-molecular weight acids or hydrogen that are converted from the organic matter in coal. For this application, it is essential to enhance the extraction of organic matter from low-rank coal (lignite) and maximize the conversion rate to consumable substrates for methanogen. In this study, we focused on the effects of chelating and reducing agents on the extraction of organics and metals from low-rank coal. Citric acid (chelating and reducing agent) and EDTA (chelating agent) were chosen as typical solvents. In the presence of citric acid, the Fe (II) concentration was correlated with the concentration of extracted organics as well as the total Fe. By contrast, the Fe (II) concentration was constantly at a low level for each EDTA concentration and pH. The absorbance (280 nm) of both solutions was almost the same when the total Fe concentrations were similar, regardless of the concentrations of Fe (II) , Al, Mg and Ca. These results indicated that organics from lignite were extracted with the leaching of Fe (III) and that the effects of reduction on the extraction of organics were insignificant. Excitation emission matrix spectra analysis suggested that humic acid was the main component of the extracted organics from lignite. The amount of acetic acid and formic acid released from 1g of lignite was calculated to be in the range 0.14 to 0.25 mg, and it was observed no correlation of the released amount with the citric acid /EDTA concentrations. Further research to obtain substrates such as low-molecularweight acids from the extracted organic materials is necessary for methane production using methanogens.

著者

西岡 宣泰 甲斐 匠 岡本 将裕 武部 博倫

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.12, pp.170-178, 2022-12-30 (Released:2022-12-23)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

---

A hand-made apparatus to react copper concentrate (Cc)/pyrite (Py)/silica sand (Ss) mixture was developed for an imitated concentrate burner at laboratory scale. An instantaneous (< 1 s) ignition reaction was macroscopically observed by preheated oxygen gas blowing to Cc/Py/Ss mixture with a Fe/SiO2 mass ratio of 1.1. SEM-EDS analysis was used to observe microstructure and phase distribution in reacted and water-quenched particles. As for the Cc/Ss samples collected at the point close to the gas blowing spot, 70–80 mass% Cu matte phase and heterogeneous slag phase including large amounts of magnetite (Mag) particles were formed. At the lower part from the gas blowing spot with a distance of 275 mm, 60–65 mass% Cu matte phase was confirmed. The area fraction of Mag particles in the slag phase decreased with increasing Py adding concentration in the mixture sample. Our results suggested the concentration and microscopic distribution of Py in the mixture including Cc contributed to control both Cu concentration in matter phase and Mag particle concentration in slag phase.

著者

淵田 茂司 田嶋 翔太 所 千晴

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.11, pp.160-169, 2022-11-30 (Released:2022-11-25)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

---

This study examined effective removal methods for high amounts of manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) in acid mine drainage (AMD) by addition of different neutralizing agents (NaOH and NaClO) and synthesized birnessite (δ-MnO2) using two-type AMD samples which Mn and Zn concentrations were 778 and 410 mg L−1 for A mine and 18.0 and 5.51 mg L−1 for B mines, respectively. The precipitation mechanism of these metal ions was investigated by geochemical modeling (PHREEQC) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis. Mn concentrations were below the effluent standard (10 mg L−1) at pH 9–10 with the NaOH neutralization, whereas it was accomplished at lower pH (6–7) condition with the NaClO addition; it could act as an oxidizing agent, resulting that most of Mn precipitated as δ-MnO2. Zn concentrations decreased below the effluent standard (2 mg L−1) at pH 8–9 using both neutralizing agents. XANES analysis results indicated Zn was removed by the surface complexation formation on manganite and δ-MnO2 surface. More effective removal of Mn and Zn from AMD was found around pH 6 when a sufficient amount of δ-MnO2 was added to both AMD before the NaOH neutralization; a geochemical model coupling charge distribution multisite ion complexation revealed the triple-corner-sharing on δ-MnO2 was the most reasonable mechanism. Our result suggests that the presence of sufficient δ-MnO2 was the most effective for high Mn and Zn contents AMD treatment; however, ferrous ion (Fe2+) can inhibit the adsorption reaction and decompose δ-MnO2. Thus, pre-precipitation of Fe2+ is required to enhance the effect of δ-MnO2 on Mn and Zn removals from AMD.

著者

佐々木 芳宏

出版者

The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.10, pp.149-159, 2022-10-31 (Released:2022-10-29)

参考文献数

25

---

油圧システムは小型で高出力であるため,産業界では大型加工機械や土木機械として様々な現場で広く用いられている。本研究では,近年著しく広帯域化が進んでいるネットワークバックボーンインフラを利用し,TCP/IPによる高速通信を油圧シリンダの遠隔制御に適用することで,現場での作業を想定した遠隔操作技術の確立を目指すことを目的とする。IPネットワークを使った遠隔操作技術において,通信中におけるパケットの遅延,揺らぎ,損失などが発生した場合,遠隔制御システムに対して制御性能の悪化を引き起こす。本研究では,反力提示を組み込んだ遠隔用油圧制御システムを開発し,通信時に発生する遅延,揺らぎ,欠損に対しパケット補償法をネットワークのエミュレーションツールであるNIST Netを用い検証した。また,オペレータの精神的作業負荷を数値化できるNASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX)を用い精神的負担度の主観的評価を行った。以上の結果より,パケット補償の適用はNASA-TLXによるWWL得点を減少させ,かつ総合的にオペレータの精神的作業負荷の軽減に有効であることを明らかにした。

著者

大西 知華 吉福 秀斗 武部 博倫

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.9, pp.143-148, 2022-09-30 (Released:2022-09-30)

参考文献数

17

---

Copper slag (CS) granules received from a Japanese smelter were melted using an alumina crucible under Ar gas flow in an electric furnace. The melt was removed from the furnace and cooled slowly with various holding times in air and then water-quenched. The increase of cooling time in air promoted the partial crystallization of CS samples: the separation of Fe-rich and Si-rich phases, the precipitation of fayalite and magnetite phases and the formation of Al2O3- and SiO2-rich non-crystalline aluminosilicate phase. The CS melt was subdivided into smaller ones through a hand-made yttria-doped stabilized zirconia polycrystal sieve and repelled by a rotational graphite plate. After cooling crystallized CS granules were successfully fabricated. The crystallized CS granules including fayalite and magnetite phases satisfied a lower limit for the elution amounts of As and Pb fixed as ≤150 mg/kg in 1 mol/L HCl aqueous solution as specified in the guideline of JIS 0058-2:2005 as a test method for acid-extractable contents of chemicals.

著者

井関 隆士 小林 純一 高橋 純一

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.8, pp.129-133, 2022-08-31 (Released:2022-08-25)

参考文献数

14

---

As pyrometallurgical technologies to smelt nickel metal from the oxide ore, melting reduction process using an electric furnace (Elkem) and semi-melting reduction process using a rotary kiln (Krupp-Renn) with a saprolite ore as a raw material have been established and operated commercially. However, in the future, it is expected that it will be difficult to smelt nickel from the oxide ore because of the decline of nickel grade in the ore and it is necessary to develop a new process adaptable to lower grade ore and difficult processing ore.The authors have conducted fundamental research on the pyrometallurgical reaction of low grade and difficult processing nickel oxide ore smelting by the rotary hearth furnace (RHF). Liquefied gas burner will be supposed from points of cost, reduction of global warming gas and so on in the operation of Ni smelting. On the other hand, it is getting clearer that Fe and Ni metallization degree in liquefied gas burning atmosphere are lower than those in N2 atmosphere. The reason have been guessed effects of H2O generating in liquefied gas combustion. The results about effects of H2O to reduction reaction of low Nickel grade oxide ore is described in this report.

著者

谷口 和矢 松本 章邦 縄田 和満

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.10_11, pp.642-649, 2013-10-01 (Released:2014-11-01)

参考文献数

27

---

On Feburuary 22, 2012, the WTO case of China's export restrictions on raw materials was settled as the Appellate Body report was adopted. The report decided that China's export restraints were inconsistent with its commitments under several agreements.This was the first case that the Appellate Body made a judgement on a case dealing with export restrictions. This paper examines effects of the WTO dispute settlement process for this case using the metal price data. We first review the WTO dispute settlement process and a brief history of the China's export restrictions case. This WTO case is important by two reasons. First, the WTO had been mainly dealing with import restrictions that might prevent smooth trade between nations. Secondly, the targeted commodities were mineral resources neccessary for the wide range of manufactural products. Hence the judgement would probably give a significant impact on many industries. Then, we evaluate the effects of the WTO dispute settlement process by event studies of alminium and zinc prices. We find that the alminium price is not affected, however, the zinc price fell down when the Appellate Body report was adopted. The results of alminium and zinc suggest that the effect of the WTO dispute settlement process might depend on the difference of the production shares of China.

著者

藤井 孝志 菅井 裕一 佐々木 久郎 橋田 俊之 當舎 利行 中尾 信典

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.12, pp.701-706, 2013-12-01 (Released:2014-12-01)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Understanding of interfacial interactions among supercritical CO2 (scCO2), water, and mineral phase is necessary for a precisely prediction of CO2 migration into aquifers. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of scCO2 on flow property of Kimachi sandstone and Iidate granite in a CO2 rich dense phase i.e., the condition of which scCO2 is expected to displace formation water in the course of CO2 injection. In this experiment, the permeability test for CO2 gas was conducted before and after a CO2 saturation procedure that is filled with scCO2 in pores of rocks. To investigate a mechanical property of rock specimen in the presence of scCO2, the axial strain was also measured using a laser displacement sensor during scCO2 saturation processes. Our results showed that both Kimachi sandstone and Iidate granite samples tested have a more or less decreasing trend of gas permeability with increasing exposure time to scCO2. It was further shown that the axial strain of Kimachi sandstone and Iidate granite increased as scCO2-exposure time increased. Additionally, increases in masses and dimensions of test samples before and after scCO2 saturation processes were clearly observed under atmospheric pressure conditions. It can, therefore be said that Kimachi sandstone and Iidate granite could be capable of swelling and permeability change accompanied by CO2 sorption into their internal structures in the presence of scCO2. Furthermore, the observed significant reduction in permeability cannot fully be explained by two model predictions based on Kozeney-Carman equation and Hagen-Poiseuille law, considering CO2 sorption onto mineral phases. The present results pointed out that CO2 sorption on rocks under geological CO2 storage conditions could have a significantly impact on flow property of rocks during CO2 injection and storage processes.

著者

後藤 敬一 渋江 隆雄 村上 健一

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.131, no.10_11, pp.553-558, 2015-10-01 (Released:2016-01-01)

参考文献数

1

---

Caserones is the first world class copper mine owned and operated 100% by Japanese companies. It is an open pit mine located in the Andes, 160 km southeast of the city of Copiapó, Chile. The equity is shared by 2 Japanese companies, Pan Pacific Copper CO., LTD and Mitsui & CO., LTD. In May 2006, Pan Pacific Copper acquired the concession which includes Caserones as a supergene oxide and sulphide copper prospect. In pre-feasibility study stage, a significant hypogene sulfide ore was identified beneath it. The construction began in March 2010, and the SX-EW plant started operation in March 2013. In July 2014, at the beginning of copper concentrates production, the official opening ceremony was held in Santiago of Chile, with the attendance of Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and Chilean Mining Minister Aurora Williams. Caserones is estimated to embrace 1 billion tons of hypogene ore containing 0.34% of copper and 126ppm of molybdenum, besides 300 million tons of supergene ore with 0.25% of copper. The production is planned to last 28 years. Caserones will contribute to the stability of copper supply to Japan, as well to raising Japanese mining experts.