著者

Utako Murai Junko Ishihara Ribeka Takachi Ayaka Kotemori Yuri Ishii Kazutoshi Nakamura Junta Tanaka Hiroyasu Iso Shoichiro Tsugane Norie Sawada

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230132, (Released:2024-01-06)

参考文献数

27

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Background: The Japanese database of food composition was revised in 2020, during which both the number of food items and the number of food items measured for sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids were increased. We evaluated the validity of estimated intakes of sugars, amino acids and fatty acids using a long-food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) among middle-aged and elderly Japanese.Methods: From 2012 to 2013, 240 men and women aged 40-74 years from five areas in the JPHC-NEXT protocol were asked to respond to the long-FFQ and provide a 12-day weighed food record (WFR) as reference. The long-FFQ, which included 172 food and beverage items and 11 seasonings, was compared with a 3-day WFR, completed during each distinct season, and validity was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficients.Results: Percentage differences based on the long-FFQ with the 12-day WFR in men and women varied from -83.9% to 419.6%, and from -75.8% to 623.1% for sugars, -17.5% to 2.8% and -5.8% to 19.6% for amino acids, and -58.5% to 78.8% and -43.4% to 129.3% for fatty acids, respectively. Median values of correlation coefficients for the long-FFQ in men and women were 0.52 and 0.42 for sugars, 0.38 and 0.37 for amino acids, and 0.42 and 0.42 for fatty acids, respectively.Conclusions: The long-FFQ provided reasonable validity in estimating the intakes of sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids in middle-aged and elderly Japanese. Although caution is warranted for some nutrients, these results may be used in future epidemiological studies.

著者

Madoka Iwase Yukari Taniyama Yuriko N. Koyanagi Yumiko Kasugai Isao Oze Norikazu Masuda Hidemi Ito Keitaro Matsuo

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230155, (Released:2024-01-06)

参考文献数

30

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Background: Reproductive factors such as age at menarche are known to be associated with disease risk, but data on trends in these factors in Japan are limited. In this study, we investigated secular trends in reproductive factors and explored their potential association with socioeconomic and historical events.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 62,005 Japanese women born between 1890 and 1991 using a survey conducted over 25 years. Trends in reproductive factors were analyzed using linear and joinpoint regression models, and their associations with major historical events involving Japan were evaluated.Results: We found that the age at menarche showed a significant downward trend (P-value<0.001) over the century. Three joinpoints were identified, in 1932 (15.23 years old), 1946 (13.48 years old), and 1959 (12.71 years old), which indicated that average age at menarche decreased by approximately 0.8% per year between 1932 and 1946, and then by 0.4% per year between 1946 and 1959, both of which were statistically significant. However, after 1959, age of menarche remained stable. Analyses of other reproductive factors found significant changes, including a decrease in parity and the number of babies breastfed, and an increase in age at first birth.Conclusion: Age at menarche showed a long-term downward trend in Japan, with significant change points in annual percent change. Other factors showed secular changes in trends as well. These change points were observed at the same time as historical events, namely wars and economic development, suggesting that socioeconomic and environmental changes at the population level affect reproductive factors in females.

著者

Tomomi Kihara Kazumasa Yamagishi Takuya Imatoh Hikaru Ihira Atsushi Goto Hiroyasu Iso Norie Sawada Shoichiro Tsugane Manami Inoue

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230168, (Released:2024-01-06)

参考文献数

11

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Background: We aimed to evaluate the validity of self-administered questionnaire surveys and face-to-face interview surveys for the detection of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy.Methods: Participants were a cohort, aged 40-74 years, living in three different locations of Japan, who took part in the baseline survey (2011-2012) of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT). Five years after the baseline survey, a questionnaire and interview survey were independently conducted to determine the history of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment over the 5-year period. Prescription of Helicobacter pylori eradication medications in national insurance claims data from the baseline survey to the 5-year survey was used as a reference standard.Results: In total, 15,760 questionnaire surveys and 8,006 interview surveys were included in the analysis. There were 3,471 respondents to the questionnaire and 2,398 respondents to the interview who reported having received Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment within the past five years. Comparison of the questionnaire survey to national insurance claims data showed a sensitivity of 95.1% (2213/2328), specificity of 90.6% (12174/13432), positive predictive value of 63.8% (2213/3471), negative predictive value of 99.1% (12174/12289), and Cohen’s Kappa value of 0.71. Respective values of the interview survey were 94.4% (1694/1795), 88.7% (5507/6211), 70.6% (1694/2398), 98.2% (5507/5608), and 0.74.Conclusion: Both the questionnaire and the interview showed high sensitivity, high specificity, and good agreement with the insurance claim prescriptions data. Some participants may have received eradication treatment without going through the public insurance claim database, resulting in a low positive predictive value.

著者

Takumi Momosaka Junko Saito Aki Otsuki Akiko Yaguchi-Saito Maiko Fujimori Aya Kuchiba Kota Katanoda Reo Takaku Taichi Shimazu

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230177, (Released:2024-01-06)

参考文献数

47

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IntroductionIn Japan, heated tobacco products (HTPs) are promoted by the tobacco industry as reduced-risk tobacco products despite the lack of evidence for this claim. This study determined the distribution of HTP-harmfulness perception and identify the explanatory factors associated with the perception of HTP as less harmful than conventional cigarettes.MethodsA nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted with Japanese people aged 20 years or older (INFORM Study 2020) using a self-administered questionnaire. We performed descriptive analysis and weighted logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between explanatory factors (e.g., individual characteristics, socioeconomic status, and trusted sources of cancer information) and the perception of HTPs as less harmful.ResultsAmong 3,420 participants (response rate: 35.2%), the proportions of those who perceived HTPs as less harmful were 40.3% and 18.3% for users and non-users of tobacco, respectively. For participants aged 20–39 years, the proportion were 49.9% and 30.4%, respectively. Among 1,160 non-tobacco users who were familiar with HTPs, male, aged under 39 years, and had lower education were associated with the perception of HTPs as less harmful. Trusted sources of cancer information were not associated with the perception of HTPs as less harmful.ConclusionsThis study showed that, among non-tobacco users, being male, aged under 39 years, and lower education were associated with a perception of HTPs as less harmful. Public health stakeholders should provide the latest evidence about HTP harmfulness in their daily practice, and strengthen the regulations on HTP marketing directed at both tobacco- and non-tobacco users.

著者

Sei Harada Miho Iida Naoko Miyagawa Aya Hirata Kazuyo Kuwabara Minako Matsumoto Tomonori Okamura Shun Edagawa Yoko Kawada Atsuko Miyake Ryota Toki Miki Akiyama Atsuki Kawai Daisuke Sugiyama Yasunori Sato Ryo Takemura Kota Fukai Yoshiki Ishibashi Suzuka Kato Ayako Kurihara Mizuki Sata Takuma Shibuki Ayano Takeuchi Shun Kohsaka Mitsuaki Sawano Satoshi Shoji Yoshikane Izawa Masahiro Katsumata Koichi Oki Shinichi Takahashi Tsubasa Takizawa Hiroshi Maruya Yuji Nishiwaki Ryo Kawasaki Akiyoshi Hirayama Takamasa Ishikawa Rintaro Saito Asako Sato Tomoyoshi Soga Masahiro Sugimoto Masaru Tomita Shohei Komaki Hideki Ohmomo Kanako Ono Yayoi Otsuka-Yamasaki Atsushi Shimizu Yoichi Sutoh Atsushi Hozawa Kengo Kinoshita Seizo Koshiba Kazuki Kumada Soichi Ogishima Mika Sakurai-Yageta Gen Tamiya Toru Takebayashi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230192, (Released:2024-01-06)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1

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The Tsuruoka Metabolomics Cohort Study (TMCS) is an ongoing population-based cohort study being conducted in the rural area of Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. This study aimed to enhance the precision prevention of multi-factorial, complex diseases, including non-communicable and aging-associated diseases, by improving risk stratification and prediction measures. At baseline, 11,002 participants aged 35–74 years were recruited in Tsuruoka City, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan, between 2012 and 2015, with an ongoing follow-up survey. Participants underwent various measurements, examinations, tests, and questionnaires on their health, lifestyle, and social factors. This study used an integrative approach with deep molecular profiling to identify potential biomarkers linked to phenotypes that underpin disease pathophysiology and provide better mechanistic insights into social health determinants. The TMCS incorporates multi-omics data, including genetic and metabolomic analyses of 10,933 participants and comprehensive data collection ranging from physical, psychological, behavioral, and social to biological data. The metabolome is used as a phenotypic probe because it is sensitive to changes in physiological and external conditions. The TMCS focuses on collecting outcomes for cardiovascular disease, cancer incidence and mortality, disability, functional decline due to aging and disease sequelae, and the variation in health status within the body represented by omics analysis that lies between exposure and disease. It contains several sub-studies on aging, heated tobacco products, and women's health. This study is notable for its robust design, high participation rate (89%), and long-term repeated surveys. Moreover, it contributes to precision prevention in Japan and East Asia as a well-established multi-omics platform.

著者

Shoko Tomooka Emi Oishi Masako Asada Satoko Sakata Jun Hata Sanmei Chen Takanori Honda Kosuke Suzuki Hiroshi Watanabe Norihito Murayama Naohisa Wada Takanari Kitazono Toshiharu Ninomiya

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.1-7, 2024-01-05 (Released:2024-01-05)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1

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Background: The association between chronic lipopolysaccharide exposure and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is unclear. In this study we examined the association between serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) levels, an indicator of lipopolysaccharide exposure, and the development of MetS in a general Japanese population.Methods: 1,869 community-dwelling Japanese individuals aged ≥40 years without MetS at baseline examination in 2002–2003 were followed up by repeated examination in 2007–2008. MetS was defined according to the Japanese criteria. Serum LBP levels were classified into quartiles (quartiles 1–4: 2.20–9.56, 9.57–10.78, 10.79–12.18, and 12.19–24.34 µg/mL, respectively). Odds ratios (ORs) for developing MetS were calculated using a logistic regression model.Results: At the follow-up survey, 159 participants had developed MetS. Higher serum LBP levels were associated with greater risk of developing MetS after multivariable adjustment for age, sex, smoking, drinking, and exercise habits (OR [95% confidence interval] for quartiles 1–4: 1.00 [reference], 2.92 [1.59–5.37], 3.48 [1.91–6.35], and 3.86 [2.12–7.03], respectively; P for trend <0.001). After additional adjustment for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, this association was attenuated but remained significant (P for trend = 0.007). On the other hand, no significant association was observed after additional adjustment for serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P for trend = 0.07).Conclusion: In the general Japanese population, our findings suggest that higher serum LBP levels are associated with elevated risk of developing MetS. Low-grade endotoxemia could play a role in the development of MetS through systemic chronic inflammation and insulin resistance.

著者

Li-Wen Chen Chi-Hsiang Chu Yung-Chieh Lin Chao-Ching Huang

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230253, (Released:2024-01-06)

参考文献数

44

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Background: To evaluate whether thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by newborn screening (NBS) at birth and at discharge can be surrogate markers for neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in extremely preterm infants.Methods: The population cohort enrolled infants born <29 weeks’ gestation in 2008 – 2020 in southern Taiwan. Infants with a maternal history of thyroid disorders and infants who required thyroxine supplementation during hospitalization were excluded. TSH levels by NBS at birth and at term-equivalent age (TEA)/discharge were respectively categorized into the lowest quartile, the interquartile range, and the highest quartile, which were correlated to NDI outcomes.Results: Among 392 patients with paired TSH data, 358 (91%) were prospectively followed until corrected age 24 months. At birth, infants with lowest-quartile TSH had higher NDI risks (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3 – 4.1, P = 0.004) compared to infants with interquartile-range TSH. Conversely, by TEA/discharge, infants with highest-quartile TSH had increased NDI (OR 1.9, 1.0 – 3.4, P = 0.03). By paired TSH categories, infants persistently in the lowest TSH quartile (48%, aOR 4.4, 1.4 – 14.5, P = 0.01) and those with a shift from interquartile range to the highest quartile (32%, aOR 2.7, 1.0 – 7.4, P = 0.046) had increased NDI risks compared with the reference with consistent interquartile-range TSH.Conclusions: Extremely preterm infants persistently in the lowest-quartile TSH level at birth and at discharge had the highest NDI risk. TSH quartile levels by NBS may serve as a population surrogate biomarker for assessing NDI risks in infants born extremely preterm.

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.12, pp.652, 2023-12-05 (Released:2023-12-05)

著者

Haruka Sato Eri Eguchi Narumi Funakubo Hironori Nakano Hironori Imano Tetsuya Ohira

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.12, pp.607-617, 2023-12-05 (Released:2023-12-05)

参考文献数

46

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Background: The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake has resulted in a nuclear accident, forcing residents of the surrounding areas to evacuate. To determine any association between excessive drinking and hypertension in the setting of disaster, we assessed whether the proportion of excessive drinkers increased and if post-disaster excessive drinking was a risk factor for hypertension.Methods: This retrospective study assessed data from the Japanese National Database. Cumulative population data for Fukushima Prefecture (3,497,576 people) were analyzed by categorizing residents into four areas—evacuation, coastal, central, and mountainous—to calculate the proportion of excessive, heavy (equivalent to binge drinking), and at-risk drinkers for 2008–2017. The hazard ratios (HRs) for the incidence of hypertension for 2012–2017 were examined in association with changes in drinking status pre- and post-disaster, which included 136,404 people who received specific health checkups pre-disaster (2008–2010) and post-disaster (2011–2012).Results: The proportion of excessive drinkers among women increased after the disaster in all areas examined. The association between excessive drinking and the incidence of hypertension was determined among men and women in all areas; it was stronger among women in the evacuation areas, with the sex- and age-adjusted HRs for the incidence of hypertension of 1.41 for pre-disaster excessive drinking, 2.34 for post-disaster excessive drinking, and 3.98 for pre- and post-disaster excessive drinking, compared with not excessive drinking pre- and post-disaster.Conclusion: Excessive drinking post-disaster may be associated with an increased risk of hypertension among men and women, especially among women in the evacuation areas.

著者

Eun-San Kim Jiyoon Yeo Yongjoo Kim In-Hyuk Ha

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.12, pp.600-606, 2023-12-05 (Released:2023-12-05)

参考文献数

44

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Background: In 2016, two consecutive moderate magnitude earthquakes occurred in Ulsan, South Korea. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of earthquakes on the mental health of residents in Ulsan.Methods: We used data from the 2015–2017 Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service National Patient Sample. We conducted an interrupted time series analysis using location-based controls. Changes in the number of antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and zolpidem prescriptions in Ulsan were compared to controls. Overall changes in weekly prescriptions 1 year after the first earthquake, compared to a non-earthquake scenario, were estimated.Results: In antidepressant prescriptions, the increase in trend after an earthquake was significantly higher than controls. However, the changes in benzodiazepines and zolpidem prescribing were not significant. Overall, the impact of the earthquake on weekly antidepressant prescriptions at 1 year was estimated as a 1.32 (95% CI, 1.18–1.56) rate ratio compared to the non-earthquake scenario. This corresponded to an increase of 1,989.7 (95% CI, 1,202.1–3,063.0) in the number of prescriptions. Among subgroups, the increase was highest among males aged 20–39 years.Conclusion: The moderate earthquake in Ulsan was associated with an increase in antidepressant prescriptions. The increase in the male group aged 20–39 was the highest. The impact may vary according to the context of the population.

著者

Daiki Watanabe Tsukasa Yoshida Yuya Watanabe Yosuke Yamada Motohiko Miyachi Misaka Kimura the Kyoto-Kameoka Study Group

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.12, pp.591-599, 2023-12-05 (Released:2023-12-05)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3

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Background: Whether sleep quality and duration assessed from multiple domains, either individually or in combination, are strongly associated with mortality risk in older adults remains unelucidated. We aimed to clarify these relationships.Methods: We enrolled 7,668 older (age ≥65 years) Japanese adults in the Kyoto-Kameoka prospective cohort study who provided valid responses to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in a mail-in survey. Sleep quality and duration were classified into six groups using the previously validated PSQI: short sleep duration (SSD: <360 min/day)/sleep disturbance (SD: ≥5.5 PSQI points), n = 701; SSD/non-sleep disturbance (NSD: <5.5 PSQI points), n = 100; optimal sleep duration (OSD: 360–480 min/day)/NSD, n = 1,863; OSD/SD, n = 2,113; long sleep duration (LSD: >480 min/day)/NSD, n = 1,972; LSD/SD, n = 919. Mortality data were collected from February 15, 2012, to November 30, 2016. We evaluated the relationship between all-cause mortality risk and sleep quality and duration (and their combinations) using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model that included baseline covariates.Results: The median follow-up period was 4.75 years (34,826 person-years), with a total of 616 deaths. After adjusting for confounders, compared with other groups, SSD/SD and LSD/SD had the highest hazard ratio (HR) of mortality (SSD/SD: HR 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–2.19; SSD/NSD: HR 1.27; 95% CI, 0.47–3.48; OSD/NSD: reference; OSD/SD: HR 1.20; 95% CI, 0.91–1.59; LSD/NSD: HR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.03–1.77; LSD/SD: HR 1.83; 95% CI, 1.37–2.45). However, mortality risk was not associated with the interaction between sleep quality and duration.Conclusion: Older adults with sleep disturbances involving SSD and LSD have a strong positive association with mortality risk, suggesting an additive effect between sleep quality and duration.

著者

Hiroyuki Masaoka Keitaro Matsuo Isao Oze Takashi Kimura Akiko Tamakoshi Yumi Sugawara Ichiro Tsuji Norie Sawada Shoichiro Tsugane Hidemi Ito Keiko Wada Chisato Nagata Tetsuhisa Kitamura Ling Zha Ritsu Sakata Kotaro Ozasa Yingsong Lin Tetsuya Mizoue Keitaro Tanaka Sarah Krull Abe Manami Inoue

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.11, pp.582-588, 2023-11-05 (Released:2023-11-05)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3

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Background: Although cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for bladder cancer, assessment of smoking impact on bladder cancer in Asian populations has been hindered by few cohort studies conducted in Asian populations. Therefore, we investigated the risk of bladder cancer associated with smoking status, cumulative smoking intensity, and smoking cessation in Japan.Methods: We analyzed data for 157,295 men and 183,202 women in 10 population-based cohort studies in Japan. The risk associated with smoking behaviors was estimated using Cox regression models within each study, and pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of bladder cancer were calculated.Results: During 4,729,073 person-years of follow-up, 936 men and 325 women developed bladder cancer. In men, former smokers (HR 1.47; 95% CI, 1.18–1.82) and current smokers (HR 1.96; 95% CI, 1.62–2.38) had higher risk than never smokers. In women, current smokers had higher risk than never smokers (HR 2.35; 95% CI, 1.67–3.32). HRs in men linearly increased with increasing pack-years. Risk decreased with increasing years of smoking cessation in men, with a significant dose-response trend. Former smokers with a duration of more than 10 years after smoking cessation had no significantly increased risk compared with never smokers (HR 1.26; 95% CI, 0.97–1.63).Conclusion: Data from a pooled analysis of 10 population-based cohort studies in Japan clearly show an association between cigarette smoking and bladder cancer risk. The risk of smokers may approximate that of never smokers following cessation for many years.

著者

Huiqiu Zheng Yanling Wang Bo Yang Jing Wu Yonggang Qian Wenrui Wang Xuemei Wang

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.11, pp.547-555, 2023-11-05 (Released:2023-11-05)

参考文献数

78

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Background: Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases, and dietary factors play an important role in hypertension. We examined the interaction of dietary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio and dinner energy ratio on hypertension.Methods: We conducted this study using data from the cross-sectional National Survey for Nutrition and Adult Chronic Disease in 2015 in Inner Mongolia, China. Dietary data were collected using 24-hour diet records with food weights across 3 consecutive days. Logistic regression was used to determine the interaction of dinner energy ratio and dietary Na/K ratio on hypertension.Results: A total of 1,861 participants were included in this study, and 914 individuals were hypertensive (49.1%). Dinner energy ratio and high dietary Na/K ratio were independently related to high prevalence of hypertension. A formal test showed that dinner energy ratio interacted significantly with dietary Na/K ratio on hypertension (P < 0.001), with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.119 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.040–1.203). Participants whose dinner energy ratio greater than 39.1% and dietary Na/K ratio of 3.625–6.053 had the highest OR of hypertension prevalence, with an adjusted OR of 2.984 (95% CI, 1.758–5.066), compared with participants with dinner energy ratio of 30.2–39.1%, and dietary Na/K ratio less than 2.348.Conclusion: Our study highlighted the interactive effect of dinner energy ratio and dietary Na/K ratio on hypertension among adults in Inner Mongolia. We advocated a balanced diet (dinner energy ratio not small or large) and a low dietary Na/K ratio for reducing the prevalence of hypertension.

著者

Noriko Kaneko Yoshikazu Nishino Yuri Ito Tomoki Nakaya Seiki Kanemura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.10, pp.521-530, 2023-10-05 (Released:2023-10-05)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Previous studies have shown that socioeconomic factors are associated with cancer incidence and stage at diagnosis; however, relevant findings in Japan are limited. We examined the association between socioeconomic status and cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis, and detection status by screening, as assessed using the areal deprivation index (ADI), in population-based cancer registry data.Methods: A total of 79,816 cases, including stomach, colorectal, lung, female breast, and cervical cancer diagnosed in Miyagi Prefecture between 2005 and 2010, were analyzed. After calculating the ADI at the place of residence in each case, we examined the association between quintiles of ADI and age-adjusted incidence rates of all stages and advanced stages by sex and site using Poisson regression analysis. The association between the ADI and the proportion of screen-detected cancers was also examined using logistic regression analysis.Results: The age-adjusted incidence rates of all sites and lung cancer in men and lung cancer and cervical cancer in women tended to increase significantly in areas with a higher ADI. The age-adjusted incidence rates of advanced-stage cancers were significantly higher for all sites and lung cancer in both sexes, and for stomach and colorectal cancer in men. The proportion of screen-detected cancer tended to be significantly lower in areas with a higher ADI for stomach and colorectal cancer in men.Conclusion: Our results indicate that socioeconomic disparities may affect cancer incidence and early diagnosis in Japan. These results suggest the importance of cancer control measures targeting people with low socioeconomic status in Japan.

著者

Yongho Jee Mikyung Ryu In Sun Ryou Joung Hwan Back Sung-il Cho Seung Sik Hwang

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.10, pp.514-520, 2023-10-05 (Released:2023-10-05)

参考文献数

33

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Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity are well known risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We aimed to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and ASCVD over a 23-year follow-up in young adults. We also qualified how much of the effects of obesity on ASCVD were mediated through blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose.Methods: Data are from the Korean Life Course Health Study, a cohort study of 226,955 Korean young adults aged 20–39. At baseline, the participants undertook routine health assessments where their BMI was measured in 1992–1994; and the metabolic mediators including systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting serum glucose (FSG), and total cholesterol (TC) were re-measured in 2002–2004. The main outcomes of the study include incident events of ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and ASCVD between 2005 and 2015. Cox proportional model was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for ASCVD.Results: In both men and women, the direct effect of BMI on ASCVD was greater than the indirect effect. The percentage of excess HR of BMI mediated by all of the metabolic mediators, including SBP, FSG, and TC, was 45.7% for stroke and 18.7% for IHD in men and 27.5% for stroke and 17.6% for IHD in women.Conclusion: High BMI in young adults increases the risk of metabolic mediators in their middle age, and metabolic mediators explain the adverse effects of high BMI on stroke risk than IHD risk.

著者

Koichi Hashimoto Hajime Maeda Hajime Iwasa Hyo Kyozuka Ryo Maeda Yohei Kume Takashi Ono Mina Chishiki Akiko Sato Yuka Ogata Tsuyoshi Murata Keiya Fujimori Kosei Shinoki Hidekazu Nishigori Seiji Yasumura Mitsuaki Hosoya the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.10, pp.489-497, 2023-10-05 (Released:2023-10-05)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Tobacco exposure during pregnancy is associated with several adverse outcomes in infants. We investigated the association between tobacco exposure during pregnancy (both active and second-hand) and various infections in infants up to 1 year.Methods: This prospective cohort study used a fixed dataset (jecs-an-20180131) from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study of registered births in Japan during 2011–2014 that included 104,065 fetal records from enrolled pregnant women. Based on the participants’ responses to the questionnaire on smoking status, mothers were first divided into “never smoked,” “quit smoking,” and “current smoker” groups and then into “no second-hand smoking (SHS)” and “SHS” groups. Infectious diseases included central nervous system infection, otitis media (OM), upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), gastroenteritis (GI), and urinary tract infection. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression analysis and adjusted for maternal, socioeconomic, and postnatal confounding factors.Results: Among the 73,205 newborns enrolled, multivariable analysis revealed that the aOR of LRTI and GI was 1.20 (95% CI, 1.07–1.33) and 1.18 (95% CI, 1.04–1.35), respectively, for the “current smoker with/without SHS” group compared with the “never smoked without SHS” group. “Quit smoking without SHS” was not associated with the risk of LRTI. SHS was associated with an increased risk of OM, URTI, LRTI, and GI, especially with LRTI and GI.Conclusion: Exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of OM, URTI, LRTI, and GI in infants during their first year of life.

著者

Chan Nie Tingting Yang Ziyun Wang Deji Suolang Songmei Wang Kangzhuo Baima Li Wei Hua Ling Leilei Liu Qibing Zeng Zixiu Qin Haojiang Zuo Feng Hong

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.9, pp.471-477, 2023-09-05 (Released:2023-09-05)

参考文献数

33

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Background: Little is known about the association between a plant-based diet and the risk of gallstone disease (GD), especially in developing counties. We tested the hypothesis that shifting dietary patterns would be related to the risk of GD, and that the Mediterranean diet (MED) adjusted for China would be beneficial for lowering risk of GD.Methods: Data were extracted from the baseline survey of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort study. An alternative Mediterranean diet (aMED) score was assessed based on a food frequency questionnaire, and three posteriori dietary patterns (the modern dietary pattern, the coarse grain dietary pattern, and the rice dietary pattern) were identified using factor analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and GD risks.Results: A total of 89,544 participants were included. The prevalence of GD was 7.5%. Comparing the highest with lowest quintiles, aMED was associated with an increased risk of GD (OR 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04–1.24; Ptrend = 0.003), whereas the rice dietary pattern was inversely related to GD risk (OR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71–0.87; Ptrend < 0.001). In stratified analysis, the rice dietary pattern had a stronger inverse association in the subgroups of females, older, urban, and overweight participants, and those with diabetes—factors associated with higher rates of GD in previous studies.Conclusion: Higher adherence to the rice dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of GD. For high-risk populations, making some shift to a traditional agricultural diet might help with primary prevention of GD.

著者

Yoshifumi Kasuga Miho Iida Yuya Tanaka Masumi Tamagawa Keita Hasegawa Satoru Ikenoue Yasunori Sato Mamoru Tanaka Daigo Ochiai

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.9, pp.450-455, 2023-09-05 (Released:2023-09-05)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Progress in reducing the global low birthweight (LBW) has been insufficient. Although the focus has been on preventing preterm birth, evidence regarding LBW in term births is limited. Despite its low preterm birth prevalence, Japan has a higher LBW proportion than other developed countries. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of LBW in term singleton births and its associated factors using a national database.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of neonates registered in the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Successive Pregnancy Birth Registry System who were born 2013–2017. Exclusion criteria included stillbirths, delivery after 42 gestational weeks, and missing data. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the maternal and perinatal factors associated with LBW in term singletons using the data of 715,414 singleton neonates.Results: The overall prevalence of LBW was 18.3%, and 35.7% of LBWs originated from singleton term pregnancies. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that both modifiable and non-modifiable factors were independently associated with LBW in term neonates. The modifiable maternal factors included pre-pregnancy underweight, inadequate gestational weight gain, and smoking during pregnancy, while the non-modifiable factors included younger maternal age, nulliparity, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, cesarean section delivery, female offspring, and congenital anomalies.Conclusion: Using the Japanese pregnancy birth registry data, more than one-third of LBWs were found to originate from singleton term pregnancies. Both modifiable and non-modifiable factors were independently associated with LBW in term neonates. Prevention strategies on modifiable risk factor control will be effective in reducing LBW worldwide.

著者

Yuichiro Otsuka Yoshitaka Kaneita Osamu Itani Yuuki Matsumoto Yutaka Hatori Satoshi Imamura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.9, pp.441-449, 2023-09-05 (Released:2023-09-05)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

5

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Background: New tobacco products, particularly heated tobacco products (HTPs), have been introduced across several international markets as alternatives to combustible products, such as cigarettes. However, there are limited studies on physicians’ perceptions of HTPs. This study analyzes the awareness of HTPs among physicians and assesses their concerns and attitudes toward patients using HTPs.Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was sent to a sample of 7,500 member physicians (6,000 male and 1,500 female) from the Japan Medical Association (JMA). The smoking status of physicians was categorized as never smokers, ever HTP smokers, current HTP smokers, and ever and current smokers of other products. Physicians’ awareness and attitudes toward patients using HTPs were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The correlation between the outcomes was examined using logistic regression models, whereas physicians’ concerns about HTPs were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Data were obtained from 5,492 physicians (21.9% women; aged 60.4; standard deviation, 12.1 years) with a response rate of 74.6%. Overall, 76.7% of the physicians had awareness of HTP, and about half of whom asked patients about using HTPs. Physicians who took longer to discuss cessation were more likely to discourage patient use. Smoking status was associated with discouraging HTP use in patients. Physicians who had experience with HTP use were primarily concerned about the products’ long-term safety and less about product regulation.Conclusion: Japanese physicians do not have sufficient information and knowledge about HTPs. Therefore, evidence-based guidelines are required to support physicians in advising patients against HTP use.

著者

Daisuke Nishi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.9, pp.439-440, 2023-09-05 (Released:2023-09-05)

参考文献数

15