著者

孙 强 佐々木 久郎 菅井 裕一 ンゲレ ロナルド

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.1, pp.17-23, 2021-01-31 (Released:2021-01-29)

参考文献数

25

---

In this study, pressure response at A monitoring well in early stage of CO2 geological storage were predicted against pressure build-up at CO2 injector after starting CO2 injection into a deep saline aquifer to design the monitoring well distance from the injector and resolution or sensitivity of a pressure transmitter installed in the monitoring well. The numerical simulations on pressure distributions and expanding CO2 plume front were carried out using a reservoir simulator, CMG-STARS, for the aquifer (10 km in radius, 50m in height) with open boundary under 1,000 m from the ground or seabed level. The ratio of pressure response at the monitoring well against the pressure build-up at the injector have been presented for various monitoring locations (500 to 5,000 m from a injector) and homogeneous and heterogeneous models of horizontal permeability distribution in the aquifer (Base Model and Model 1, 2 & 3) and CO2 injection patters during 100 days (Scheme 1, 2 & 3). It has been presented from the numerical simulation results that the monitoring well radial distance from the injector is recommended to be 2,000 to 4,000 m or less than 1000 m when the resolution or sensitivity of the pressure transmitter is 1kPa or 10kPa, respectively.

著者

熊本 和宏 國友 美信 岸本 章宏 岡本 克文 倉満 晶子 宇田 哲也

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.1, pp.10-16, 2021-01-31 (Released:2021-01-29)

参考文献数

31

---

A new Ti smelting process via. Bi–Ti alloy is proposed. This process comprises reduction of TiCl4 to Bi–10 mol%Ti alloy by Bi–Mg alloy, precipitation of Ti-rich compound from the alloy, and vacuum distillation. In this study, we investigated the precipitation and distillation processes. In the precipitation process, the Bi–10 mol%Ti liquid alloy is cooled from 900 ℃ to 500 ℃ to precipitate Bi9Ti8 in the liquid alloy. The Bi9Ti8 is recovered by a two-step separation method: recovery of mixture of Bi9Ti8 and Bi and further removal of Bi by centrifugal filtration. We demonstrated the recovery of mixture. As the results, Ti concentration in the mixture was 31 mol%, and the Ti yield was about 45 %. Because the remained liquid alloy after the recovery contains a large amount of Bi9Ti8, it is required to reuse the remained alloy in the precipitation process. Assuming the reuse of remained alloy, the material flow of the process was designed based on the experimental results. The centrifugal filtration of the mixture of Bi9Ti8 and Bi was also carried out at 500 ℃. By the centrifugal filtration at 50 G, alloys with a size of 1.5 mm were obtained, and the Ti concentration in the alloys was increased from 31 mol% to 40 mol%. Vacuum distillation of alloy powder and ingot was demonstrated. The distillation rate was enhanced when using the powder than when using alloy ingot as a starting material.

著者

岡田 夏男 前川 陽平 大和田 済熙 芳賀 一寿 柴山 敦 川村 洋平

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.1, pp.1-9, 2021-01-31 (Released:2021-01-29)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3

---

Currently, there have been issues concerning the depletion and scarcity of mineral resources. This is mostly due to the excavation of high grade minerals having already occurred years and years ago, hence forcing the mining industry to opt for the production and optimization of lower grade minerals. This however brings about a plethora of problems, many of which economic, stemming from the purification of those low grade minerals in various stages required for mineral processing. In order to reduce costs and aid in the optimization of the mining stream, this study, introduces an automatic mineral identification system which combines the predictive abilities of deep learning with the excellent resolution of hyperspectral imaging, for pre-stage of mineral processing. These technologies were used to identify and classify high grade arsenic (As) bearing minerals from their low grade mineral counterparts non-destructively. Most of this ability to perform such tasks comes from the highly versatile machine learning model which employs deep learning as a means to classify minerals for mineral processing. Experimental results supported this statement as the model was able to achieve an over 90% accuracy in the prediction of As-bearing minerals, hence, one could conclude that this system has the potential to be employed in the mining industry as it achieves modern day system requirements such as high accuracy, speed, economic, userfriendly and automatic mineral identification.

著者

山路 法宏 岡本 信行 塩川 智 川野 誠矢 櫻井 宏信

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.135, no.6, pp.42-51, 2019-06-30 (Released:2019-06-28)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3 9

---

Seafloor Polymetallic Sulphides (PMS) is deep sea mineral that is confirmed to exist within Japanese exclusive economic zones and expected to develop as a new supply source for Japan. However, deep sea minerals including PMS have not been commercially developed so far, although various countries are eagerly working it. Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC) has been commissioned by Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) to conduct practical study on PMS for commercialization. As part of the efforts, JOGMEC implemented “Excavating and Ore-lifting Pilot Test” from the middle of August to end of September 2017. In the test, JOGMEC succeeded in consecutive lifting of ore and sea water in a state of solid-liquid flow from a depth of approximately 1,600m for the first time in the world. Through the test, it became clear that there are still many technical challenges left to be resolved for development of PMS such as improvement in durability of equipment, system optimization, adjustability of ore grain size and slurry concentration and so on. JOGMEC will continue efforts aimed at commercialization of PMS from a long-term perspective.

著者

山崎 哲生

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ : journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.12, pp.829-835, 2008-12-25

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

---

Japan has a manganese nodule mining claim in the Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zones, the Kuroko-type massive seafloor sulfide deposits (SMS) and cobalt-rich manganese crusts (CMC) in Japan's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and the continental shelves. Japan needs to use these deep-sea mineral resources as future strategic metal and rare earth element supply sources. Furthermore, the development technologies have wide variations in applying for the other food and energy supply targets in EEZ and continental shelves and the same-type resources of Pacific island nations'.<BR>Some current topics in deep-sea mineral resources development and the development technologies are introduced. Possibility and necessity of deep-sea mineral resources development for Japan are discussed.

著者

福井 勝則 大久保 誠介 森山 守 青木 智幸 小塚 孝 松原 誠

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ : journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.123, no.9, pp.467-474, 2007-10-25

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2

---

The main drive of Hida Tunnel for Tokai-Hokuriku Highway was excavated by a world-largest-class TBM with the diameter of 12.84 m. The TBM have bored over 3.0 km of the tunnel through Nouhi Rhyolite, Granite Porphyry and Hida Gneiss. The uniaxial compressive strength of these rocks was found to be extremely high. Such high strength accompanied by high content of silicon dioxide resulted in significantly high wear rate of the disc cutters mounted on the TBM.<BR>In this study, cutter wear was carefully measured together with the operation conditions such as thrust force, penetration rate, cutter-head rotation rate and the rock properties such as uniaxial compressive strength, rock strength estimated from TBM cutting force, abrasivity obtained from turning operation test, chemical composition determined by X-ray analytical microscope.<BR>It was found that the extent of cutter wear largely depends on position of the disc cutter; cutter wear per unit rolling distance near the fringe of cutter head was extremely larger than that near the center of cutter head. A combination of rock strength estimated by TBM cutting force and length of wear flat in turning-operation test was found to be an excellent index to predict cutter wear rate.

著者

坂田 章吉

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.12, pp.159-172, 2020-12-31 (Released:2020-12-25)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1

---

Since multi-national oil development companies (herein after referred to as “companies”) employ significant CSR in the Federal Republic of Nigeria (herein after referred to as “Nigeria”), CSR in Nigeria is examined in this study. CSR has changed from only pursuing a “corporate objective”, which aims to achieve companies' stable operations, to emphasizing a “development objective” through which the “corporate objective” could still be achieved. However, it has been suggested that the “development objective” oriented CSR has not always been effective because companies had a tendency to emphasize the “corporate objective”, and the “development objective” was often incompatible with the “corporate objective”. Also, it has been suggested that government failure in its community development increased the people's expectation of companies to provide community development and that community development by CSR might ease the pressure on the government to undertake a developmental role. This study examines these points and the results are as follows. Since some CSR cases were found to have achieved both the “development objective” and the “corporate objective” simultaneously, it is possible that these objectives can be achieved in concert. Many of the people who expected community development by companies responded that companies had a responsibility to pay compensation for oil extraction from the Niger Delta/Nigeria, some responded that companies had social responsibility, and a few responded that companies may have been able to provide effective community development for their CSR. Furthermore, it has been inferred that companies were expected to pay compensation even though they payed taxes to the government, because the government provided only limited community development using these tax receipts. Thus, it appears that, expectation of compensation for oil extraction by companies and their social responsibility, as well as limited community development by the government, are the major factors that could increase the people's expectation of companies to provide community development and ease the pressure on the government.

著者

加藤 達也 福島 諒 佐藤 康市 山縣 三郎 所 千晴

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.12, pp.151-158, 2020-12-31 (Released:2020-12-25)

参考文献数

51

---

The objective of this study is to clarify the zinc removal mechanism and construct a quantitative model for column experiments using a natural component of organic soils, namely leaf mold. We performed column experiments using actual acid mine drainage (AMD) at several conditions. After column experiments, the residues in the column were analyzed by x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis. These experimental results highlighted that when leaf mold, limestone, and iron powder were filled in the column, the zinc removal mechanism was not only surface complexation for leaf mold but also the formation of zinc sulfide. Whereas, when only leaf mold was filled in the column, that was only surface complexation for leaf mold. Based on the above results, we constructed a quantitative model incorporating surface complexation by leaf mold, sulfate reduction reaction by sulfate-reducing bacteria, Fe2+ dissolved reaction from leaf mold, and one-dimensional transport against the height of the column. The experimental results of pH and the concentration of each element were successfully represented by the quantitative model.

著者

島 政雄 川北 鎮雄 森 誠治

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.2, pp.85-94, 1991

被引用文献数

4

---

These descriptions about recycling of copper, lead and zinc are respectively summarized as follows:<BR>Copper: One of the problems of copper's recycling is that the cost for collection of scrap copper is very expensive, because copper is diversified into many merchandizes. And as the value of copper is unstable, it is difficult to get the stable collection continuously.<BR>Lead: The increasing tonnage and percentage of the use for lead-acid batteries were found to be the significant feature. The recycling rate of lead depends much on that of spent lead-acidb atteries. It was concluded that further improvement of the recycling rate would be required especially through the increased collection of spent batteries and treatment in primary lead smelters.<BR>Zinc: The recovery of recycled zinc has been increasing its importance from the viewpoints of resource conservation, pollution control and saving land-fill sites because Japan is quite poor in natural resources.

著者

吉田 豊 門脇 良一 畑中 雅彦 坂口 威 西辻 昭

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.4, pp.219-224, 1995-04-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

23

---

In the past, many methods of measuring gas concentration were developed. However, limitations lixe; selectivity in the kind of gases the system can measure, range of gas quantity and pre-treatment requirements prevented the wider applications of these techniques.The objective of this research is to develop a method for measuring gas concentrations that is free from the above mentioned limitations. In this regard, the principle and the technique of measuring the sound generated by the spectral diffraction of a laser beam was investigated.This technique is fundamentally different from any other usual spectroscopic analysis: this is an indirect method which measures the acoustic pressure emitted from gas when the photo energy is supplied to it.First, miniaturized laser equipment was fabricated based on diagrams and gas flow type. Then the primary parameters in this system in terms of the sensitivity of this system are the following; the laser's power output, the chopping frequency and the acoustic cell shape. The influence of these factors on the sound generated by the beam were investigated.As an condition of this system, a CO2 laser with output power of under 5.0W, a radial cell and a chopping frequency of 20Hz were chosen. As a result of the experiments under this condition, we confirmed that acoustic signal is proportional to gas concentration of single and mixture gas.For high sensitivity analysis of measuring acoustic signal, the noise characterics in measuring system, which was occured by discharge tube of laser, microphone, acoustic cell and so on, were measured and were eliminated. The new discharge tube of laser without noise was fabricated. And we maked out for the about thirty kinds of diameter, axies lenngth and mass of acoustic cell. The chopping frequency was chosen outside for frequency of noise. It was found that the gas concentrations of Ethylene was measurable in the ranges of concentration 1ppm-10%.

著者

加野 友紀 石戸 経士 中尾 信典

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.12, pp.140-150, 2020-12-31 (Released:2020-12-18)

参考文献数

45

---

Heterogeneity in mudstone/shale layers has significant effects on seal layer integrity. The presence of intralayer sandstone channels in a seal layer may allow the buoyant CO2 to escape from the reservoir, even if the globally averaged permeability of the seal layer seems low enough. On the other hand, multi-layered structures are known to work often as baffles for the upward migration of CO2 in formations. In this paper, we investigate the storage capacity of multilayer formations with discontinuous seals. Numerical simulations are carried out to study the effects of seal layer discontinuity on the long-term behaviour of CO2 injected into deep saline aquifers. To represent a seal layer composed of low permeability rocks intersected by sandstone channels, ‘MINC' doubleporosity model is adopted. Also conducted is sensitivity analysis to investigate the effects of key parameters such as capillary pressure, relative permeability, temperature, and the thickness of the formations. The results show that CO2 injection into a sufficiently deep multi-layered reservoir enables CO2 to be stored and trapped in and around the reservoir without reaching to a shallow aquifer, even though seal layers have discontinuities. The upward movement of CO2 is greatly affected by capillary pressure of sandstone channels in seal layers. The relative permeability and the temperature-dependent CO2 properties have a significant effect on the final plume spread and the amount of CO2 dissolved or fixed by residual gas trapping.

著者

福山 郁生

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鉱業会誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.801, pp.131-133, 1955-03-25 (Released:2011-07-13)

著者

竹原 孝 及川 寧己 藤井 孝志 宮崎 晋行

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.11, pp.134-139, 2020-11-30 (Released:2020-11-28)

参考文献数

28

---

A project of CO2 injection in the Ishikari coal basin (Yubari-shi, Hokkaido, Japan) since 2002 has shown that injection of CO2 into coal seams affected their permeability. Adsorption of CO2 caused swelling of the coal matrix and lowered the permeability of coal seams, probably because of closure of cleats and pores in the coal seams. However, a temporary recovery of permeability was observed after subsequent injection of N2, suggesting that some amount of adsorbed CO2 was replaced by N2 and the closure of cleats and pores were mitigated. However, the changes of mechanical properties of coal in the process are not yet fully understood. In this study, we injected CO2 and N2 into coal specimens recovered from the Ishikari coal basin and observed the changes of coal strength under hydrostatic pressure and temperatures typical of a coal basin. We conducted triaxial compressive strength tests on the coal specimens to clarify the effects of CO2 and N2 on the mechanical properties. Our results are summarized below.1) We verified that swelling and shrinkage of the coal were associated with adsorption and desorption, respectively, of CO2.2) The triaxial compressive strength tests showed that injection of CO2 caused decreases of peak strength and Young's modulus.3) Both coal strength and Young's modulus recovered when previously injected CO2 was replaced by N2.

著者

田中 敦子

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.11, pp.127-133, 2020-11-30 (Released:2020-11-28)

参考文献数

37

---

In this review, the status quo of social acceptance of CCS is discussed in relation with international efforts to establish understanding on CCS. The author analyzed suspended 43 CCS project cases out of total 133 cases, and identified major impacting factors: economic reasons, legislative reasons, political reasons and social protests were 50%, 25%, 10% and 12% respectively. All of these impacting factors are within the range of social acceptance considerations, and could be solved by stakeholder engagement efforts. The author reviewed ISO/TC265 CCS standards which encourages to establish preferable social acceptance on CCS project by way of stakeholder engagement process and risk communication process. The author summarized recommendations from CCS stakeholder engagement process. Then, the author surveyed reports on public perceptions on CCS and CCS outreach works. Finally, the author researched literally succeeded and failed cases in of social acceptance gaining among communities in vicinity of CCS site and discussed the issue.

著者

向 正夫 小浦 延幸

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鉱業会誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.933, pp.35-51, 1966-01-25 (Released:2011-07-13)

参考文献数

98

著者

佐藤 源郎

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鉱業会誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.817, pp.367-372, 1956-07-25 (Released:2011-07-13)

参考文献数

40

著者

近藤 めぐみ 小澤 教良 藤巻 宏太 五十嵐 敏文

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.10, pp.117-126, 2020-10-31 (Released:2020-10-29)

参考文献数

13

---

The Une Mine excavates limestone by the bench cut method at Mt. Buko in the Chichibu area of Saitama Prefecture, Japan. Since the final rock slope, which is the largest scale in Japan, is beeing constructed at Mt. Buko, long-term monitoring and analysis have been carried out for the safety management of the rock slope. From the previous researches, a significant relationship between groundwater behavior and displacements of the rock slope was revealed, and suppressing the displacements of the rock slope, i. e., the reduction of the crack displacement rate, was accompanied by the lowering the groundwater level. Based on these results, countermeasures against the slope stability are being carried out in the mine. In this study, groundwater samples in the mine were collected and analyzed to characterize the groundwater chemistry, and to understand how the water quality was changed by rainfall and rock layers was examined. The results showed that the groundwater was classified into three depending on the layers, and that the groundwater in the alternated layer sensitively affected the rock slope.

著者

及川 寧己 竹原 孝 雷 興林 深沢 洋規 山口 勉

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.10, pp.110-116, 2020-10-31 (Released:2020-10-27)

参考文献数

17

---

Elucidating the sealing capacity of caprock is very important because CO2 sequestered in deep aquifers can remain there for several hundred years in the CO2 sequestration. Threshold capillary pressure is a key property affecting sealing capacity, and therefore, the ability to measure the threshold pressure of a target rock conveniently is highly sought after. In this study, data collected during the CO2 injection process in triaxial compression tests of mudstone supposed to be a caprock were used to measure threshold pressure via the dynamic method. These triaxial tests were conducted to study the mechanical properties of mudstone below depths of 1000 m. The threshold pressure for 23 out of 26 test samples was successfully measured. Measured values ranged from 0.54 to 1.57 MPa, which was within a reasonable range compared to the results reported by three other studies that used similar mudstone specimens. A small amount of shrinkage induced by a pore pressure decrease, which was caused by a threshold pressure, was observed in the experiment. The threshold pressure showed a positive correlation with the shrinkage, implying that this pressure might be estimated from the shrinkage. Thus, a volumetric elastic constant was calculated from the shrinkage assuming that the decrease in mean pore pressure was half of the threshold pressure. The mean volumetric elastic constant was 0.92 GPa, which was about 40% lower than that of the rocks from which the test samples were obtained. These results indicate that the shrinkage value cannot be directly used to estimate the threshold pressure, and that a correction of this shrinkage value is necessary.

著者

佐々⽊ 久郎 張 河猛 サルマワティ 王 永軍 チエ サムニアン ンゲレ ロナルド 菅井 裕一 張 曉明

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.9, pp.99-109, 2020-09-30 (Released:2020-09-30)

参考文献数

31

---

There is a critical situation that a huge amount of greenhouse gases is emitted into the atmosphere from natural coal fires in underground coal seams and spontaneous combustions in coal piles in the world. To reduce the emissions of combustion gases, such as CO2, CH4, etc., some technical challenges and researches are required related to CO2 flux measurements, developing an effective chemical water-solution extinguishes coal fires and inhibits spontaneous combustion, constructing a numerical simulation model to treat the aging effect in coal heating rate. In this article, firstly, the previous studies were reviewed to explain measurement results of CO2 emission from coal fire/spontaneous combustion fields and the aging model used to simulate coal heating rate. Secondary, a trial development of some chemical solutions has been introduced to inhibit microscopic and macroscopic coal oxidations by forming a gel. Especially, sodium meta silicate solution showed a relatively good performance shifting the critical self-ignition temperature (CSIT) of a low rank coal to be 4 to 5℃ higher than that of water by forming gel with CO2 gases in the air and combustion gases emitted from coals. The brooking effect in macro scale by forming gel is also expected to extinguish coal seam fires by reducing aperture width in fractures connecting to the atmosphere. A numerical simulation using ANSI FLUENT has showed an extinguishing fire process of an underground coal seam including a horizontal fracture that is connected inlet and outlet fractures being air paths for air and combustion gas, respectively. Finally, the the research challenges required for technical developments have been proposed to carry a project extinguishing the coal seam fires and spontaneous combustions of coal piles with reducing CO2 emissions.

著者

彦坂 忠義 孫田 裕美 久米井 正紀

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鑛業會誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, no.1166, pp.222-227, 1985