著者

上水 昇平

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鉱業会誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, no.1196, pp.605-608, 1987-10-25 (Released:2011-07-13)

著者

ヱルンスト

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鑛業會誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.546, pp.890-895, 1930-10-22 (Released:2011-07-13)

著者

島田 荘平 藤沢 義郎 松田 範之

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.112, no.7, pp.429-438, 1996-06-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

44

---

Due to the import of cheap primary energy resources, the German domestic coal mining industry is forced to rationalize the organization and to reduce the production cost. Though the economical situation is stil severe, the new R & Ds and the improvement of practical technologies have been continued in a limited budget range. Many of them are remarkable technolgies to overcome the severe underground mining conditions and to increase productivity and to improve safety performance.This report summarizes the recent R & Ds and practical technologies developed in German coal mining industries. It includes technologies on coal cutting, roadway drivage, material and man transportation, roadway maintenance, safety devices, utilization of mined-out space and safety management. The tndency of these technologies is described in conclusion.

著者

綱澤 有輝 古作 吉宏 坂入 義隆 塚田 浩二 斉藤 瑞稀 蛭子 陽介 三觜 幸平 陳 友晴 所 千晴

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.6, pp.95-102, 2022-06-30 (Released:2022-06-30)

参考文献数

14

---

The high-pressure grinding roll (HPGR) has been known to achieve a high mineral liberation with relatively low energy consumption. However, quantitative methods for evaluating the effect of HPGR grinding on the promotion of the mineral liberation of copper ores have not been fully established. This study aims to establish a quantitative evaluation of promoting the liberation ratio of copper minerals by HPGR grinding. We performed clack observation using the combination of the paint penetration method and the mineral liberation analyzer (MLA). Direct clack observation reveals that HPGR grinding can promote the formation of cracks in the product particles. The liberation ratio of copper minerals is related to the percentage of cracks in the product particles. Besides, the grinding tests using a laboratory ultra-small scale showed that the liberation ratio of copper minerals became larger than that of the ball milling alone. In all conditions where HPGR grinding was conducted before ball milling, the ball milling time became almost half that of the ball milling alone. The grinding kinetic constant of the HPGR milling product in ball milling is also determined. The grinding kinetic constants for 80% passing particle size in HPGR grinding products are larger than that in feed ores, and they are consistent with the trend of ball milling time. This might be because the HPGR milling causes cracks in the particles, which are more easily ground in the subsequent ball milling. Consequently, this study demonstrates that the ratio of clacks and the grinding kinetic constant in the ball milling process after HPGR milling can be used as an index to quantitatively evaluate the effect of HPGR milling on promoting the liberation of copper minerals.

著者

木下 尚樹 安原 英明

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.6, pp.84-94, 2022-06-30 (Released:2022-06-30)

参考文献数

25

---

The purpose of this study is to expand the application of wastepaper sludge ash (WPSA) as a construction material. The strength and thermal conductivity of WPSA solidified by hydration reaction were investigated for use as a ground improvement solidifier and civil engineering material. The mixture of fly ash, silica fume, gypsum, and ordinary Portland cement was also investigated. The effect of the mix proportion and the amount of the powder mixture on the strength was investigated, and the strength development was discussed based on the XRD and SEM-EDX results. The experimental results showed that the uniaxial compressive strength of mortar specimens with a water-powder ratio of 1.0 was 5 MPa to 9 MPa at 28 days of age. The strength of the mortar specimens decreased with the addition of fly ash but increased with the addition of by-products such as silica fume. The strength of the solidified material using WPSA was lower than that of the existing solidified materials. The strength of the solidified material made of WPSA was developed due to the formation of albite by hydration reaction, recrystallization of WPSA, and pozzolanic reaction with fly ash and silica fume. Then, the reflectance and thermal conductivity of the solidified material were measured, and the thermal conductivity was examined by the heat transfer experiments. The thermal diffusivity of the solidified material was also estimated by analyzing the experimental results. It was confirmed that the reflectance of WPSA was higher than that of ordinary Portland cement. In addition, the re-incineration of WPSA showed higher reflectivity. The thermal conductivity of the WPSA paste specimens was smaller than that of cement mortar and larger than that of gypsum. The results of the heat transfer experiments suggest that the thermal insulation property of the re-incinerated WPSA is improved.

著者

木下 尚樹 安原 英明 矢田部 龍一 加賀山 肇

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.6, pp.70-83, 2022-06-30 (Released:2022-06-30)

参考文献数

19

---

It is obligatory to verify the performance of high-energy-absorbing pocket-type rockfall protection nets by full-scale experiments. While the performance verification by full-scale experiments can provide a practical evaluation, it requires a lot of cost and time because it is necessary to conduct the experiments under several conditions depending on the structure of the rockfall protection net. Therefore, the performance verification by combining full-scale experiments and numerical analysis may be a useful tool. In this study, a full-scale experiment of a high-energy-absorbing pocket-type rockfall protection net was conducted to evaluate the net performance with respect to the required capability, and reusability and repairability of the components by understanding the behavior of the net under the action of heavy weights. Throughout the experiment, the deformation of the net, the change of the wire rope tension with time, and the displacement of the top of the net and the top of the pillar were measured in detail. Moreover, it was confirmed that it is possible to evaluate the performance verification based on the performance requirements. Then, the full-scale experiment was replicated by numerical simulations to examine the effects of the rock shape on the behavior and performance of the simulated net. Through the thorough investigations on the deformation of the net, the relation between the maximum tension of the wire rope and the slip length of the shock absorber, the temporal change of the tension of each wire rope, and the absorbed energy of each structural member, it was judged that the reproducibility of the model predictions is adequately high. Specifically, when the impact energy is constant, the effect of the rock shape on the behavior and performance is considered to be small.

著者

大竹 信彦

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.6, pp.409-416, 1993-06-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

吉田 慎 藤野 茂 森永 健次

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.120, no.8, pp.451-454, 2004 (Released:2006-04-27)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2 3

---

Transparent pyrex glasses were obtained by sintering a green compact, which was fabricated by using CIP method for pyrex glass powder, in diverse atmosphere (air, Ar, He and vacuum (10-2Pa)) at 973-1173K. Effects of sintering conditions (temperature and atmosphere) on transmittance of sintered glasses were investigated. Devitrification resulting from crystallization of cristobalite arose in all atmosphere at temperatures over 1023K. Optimum sintering condition for fabricating transparent sintered pyrex glass was at 1003 K for 1hour in a vacuum (10-2 Pa) or He atmosphere in this work. The transparency was 15∼20% in visible region and was about 60% in infrared region. The relationship between transparency and condition of the sintered glasses was discussed in terms of permeation constant of gas species during sintering.

著者

渡邉 寛人 早田 二郎 浅野 聡 邑瀬 邦明

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.5, pp.51-59, 2022-05-31 (Released:2022-05-13)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

---

Ion-exchange process with chelating resins was investigated for recovery scandium from sulfuric acid aqueous solutions. An iminodiacetic acid type chelating resin, Diaion CR11, had a higher Sc adsorption selectivity than other elements. Diaion CR11 had high trivalent ions adsorption, and almost divalent ions other than nickel were not adsorbed. The adsorbed metal ions were eluted with sulfuric acid, and scandium was separated from aluminum, nickel and chromium. Only iron (III) showed a behavior similar to scandium and was difficult to separate with Diaion CR11. The elution behavior was related to the stability constants of the complex of iminodiacetic acid and metal ions.

著者

真保 良吉 小川 修 清水 秀夫 後藤 佐吉

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鉱業会誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, no.1191, pp.325-330, 1987-05-25 (Released:2011-07-13)

参考文献数

6

---

For the purpose of obtaining fundamental thermodynamic data for the carbothermic reduction of alumina, two types of experiments were carried out. In the first type of experiments, alumina was reduced with graphite powder at 2173K in a graphite crucible in an atmosphere of argon in the presence of iron at 2173K. In the second, a liquid Al-Fe-C ternary alloy was equilibrated with both graphite and Al4C3 in a graphic crucible in an atmosphere of argon at temperatures between 2073 and 2373K.Alumina was reduced fairly fast and the aluminum content in the resultant Al-Fe-C alloy increased with time for at least the first 90min, but the evaporation of aluminum from the alloy and the formation of Al4C3 through the reaction between Al in the alloy and C from the crucible caused the aluminum content to decrease gradually. From the equilibration experiments it has been found that the activity coefficient of Al in the Al-Fe-C alloy and the equilibrium alloy composition can be adequately obtained by applying the regular solution model to the liquid alloy and by using the data of a functions available from literature along with the standard Gibbs energies of formation of the existing chemical species in the system.

著者

奈良 禎太 加藤 昌治 佐藤 努 河野 勝宣 佐藤 稔紀

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.4, pp.44-50, 2022-04-28 (Released:2022-04-28)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

---

It is important to understand the long-term migration of radionuclides when considering rock engineering projects such as the geological disposal of radioactive waste. The network of fractures and pores in a rock mass plays a major role in fluid migration as it provides a pathway for fluid flow. The geometry of a network can change due to fracture sealing by some fine-grained materials over long-term periods. Groundwater usually contains finegrained minerals such as clay minerals, and it is probable that the accumulation of such minerals occurs within a rock fracture upon groundwater flow, thereby decreasing the aperture of a fracture and the permeability. It is therefore essential to conduct permeability measurements using water that includes fine-grained minerals to understand the permeability characteristics of a rock; however, this has not been studied to date. In the present study, we use a macro-fractured granite sample to investigate the change of permeability that occurs under the flow of water that includes two different amounts of clay. Findings showed that clay accumulated in a fracture and that the permeability (hydraulic conductivity) of the granite sample decreased over time, which was greater in for the higher clay content. We concluded that the accumulation of clay minerals in the fracture decreased the permeability of the rock. Furthermore, we consider that the filling and closure of fractures in rock is possible under the flow of groundwater that includes clay minerals.

著者

荒牧 憲隆 村上 拓馬

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.4, pp.33-43, 2022-04-29 (Released:2022-04-28)

参考文献数

18

---

We proposed a new gasification method to convert unused organic matter in sedimentary rocks to bio methane gas using microorganisms, known as Subsurface Cultivation and Gasification (SCG). Our approach uses hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to decompose organic matter rapidly into usable substrates for methanogens. We previously reported that H2O2 would be useful for effective SCG at lignite, and conversion of organic matter from lignite into biogenic methane with the help of microorganisms is expected to be highly profitable. However, physical properties of the sedimentary rock are thought to change with the decomposition of sedimentary rock in the SCG method.A series of one-dimensional compression tests were performed for artificial coal seams prepared using the lignite sampled from Tempoku coalfield in the northern Hokkaido to investigate the stability of coal seam during an industrial production of substrates for methanogens in the subsurface environment. H2O2 was used in the one-dimensional compression tests to produce lower-molecular-weight organic components as a substrate of methanogen. Moreover, H2O2 solution was repeatedly injected into the artificial coal seam under compressive pressure. Oxidative decomposition of the artificial coal seam produced a high yield of low-molecular-weight organic acids. However, settlement of the artificial coal seam subjected constant loading was dependent on concentration and injection amount of H2O2.The biomethane deposits might become mechanically unstable during promoting decomposition of organic matter of coal seams, even if lignite has the greater resource potential for biomethane.

著者

松岡 秀和 三觜 幸平 河田 真伸 高谷 雄太郎 所 千晴

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.2, pp.12-18, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-02-10)

参考文献数

31

---

Copper sulfide minerals are the major raw materials for copper products. Copper sulfide minerals are mined at copper mines and concentrated by flotation process. In recent years, the mining of refractory copper ores, which is difficult to concentrate by flotation due to their fine grain size, presence of multiple copper mineral species, and fluctuation of the content ratio of these minerals in feed ore. In addition, the hydrophilization of copper mineral surfaces due to oxidation and the mineral content variation of ore result in poor and unpredictable performance of flotation operation. In this study, therefore, we focused on the activation of the copper mineral surfaces using sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) to render the surfaces hydrophobic and tried to quantify the effect of the fluctuation of mineral content ratio by using a new flotation kinetic model. Two samples showing different content ratios of chalcocite, bornite, and chalcopyrite and having fully oxidized surface were used in the flotation tests. We established a new flotation kinetic model by considering the reaction between the copper mineral surface and NaHS and the depression of floatability by adsorption of hydrogen sulfide ions onto the copper mineral surface. As a result, a good relation was confirmed between the model and the flotation test results for both ore samples. This result showed that our model can accurately predict the flotation results of refractory copper ores and will encourage the further usage of these refractory copper ores in the future.

著者

岩崎 雄一 村田 道拓 川口 智哉 松本 親樹 保高 徹生

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.3, pp.28-32, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-29)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2

---

For a total of 80 legacy mines in Japan, by assuming that untreated mine drainages were discharged and that metal loadings from sources other than mine drainage were negligibly small, we estimated seven element concentrations (Cd, Pb, As, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn) at water quality monitoring (WQM) river sites closest to individual mines (hereinafter referred to as the closest WQM sites) based on a simple dilution approach. In addition, for zinc as an example, the concentrations at the closest WQM sites were estimated by taking account into estimated zinc loadings from sources other than mine drainage. Results of the former analysis showed that the concentrations of all four elements (Cd, Pb, As, and Zn) at the closest WQM sites were predicted to be below Japanese environmental water quality standards in 50% of the legacy mines analyzed, which is not a small percentage. However, the result of the latter analysis showed that the contributions of treated mine drainages to the total loadings of zinc at the closest WQM sites were less than 50% in approximately 88% of the legacy mines analyzed. This result suggests that metal loadings from sources other than mine drainages at the closest WQM sites are not trivial in many legacy mines. Even if untreated mine drainages were discharged, estimated zinc concentrations in 72% of the WQM sites, where the annual average of measured concentrations of total zinc was below the environmental water quality standard (0.03 mg/L), were still below the standard. Despite a screening-level assessment based on multiple assumptions such as the simple dilution, results of the present study should be valuable for understanding the impact of discharging untreated mine drainages on metal concentrations in rivers receiving those from the legacy mines toward applying the water-quality management that secures the protection of downstream water use.

著者

崔 亨燮 呉 在賢

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鉱業会誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.941, pp.755-762, 1966-09-25 (Released:2011-07-13)

参考文献数

30

---

To study the correlation between the characteristics of fracture surface and the electrochemical properties of aluminum-silicate minerals, cleavage planes of kyanite, andalusite and sillimanite have been predicted from crystal structures of these minerals, and then the arrangement of atoms exposed to the surfaces along these ckavage planes have been assumed.The electrochemical phenomena of these minerals in the solid-solution interface are discussed with respect to the weighted average charge per metallic atom on the assumed cleavage planes. The weighted average charge has been calculated as a function of oxidation number of the metals and number of oxygen atoms coordinated to these metallic atoms.It is found that the pH of the isoelectric point of kyanite, andalusite and sillimanite decreases as the weighted average charge increases. Together with the above three minerals, corundum and quartz are found to be in good linear relation between the pH of the isoelectric point and the weighted average charge, indicating that the arrangement of metallic atoms on the fracture surface of minerals plays an important role upon their surface properties.The effect of surface oxygen atoms on the pH of the isoelectric point of minerals is also discussed briefly.

著者

西松 裕一

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ : journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.1, pp.1-10, 2013-01-01

参考文献数

16

---

In This paper, the author tries to discuss on the development and finiteness of natural resources on the basis of the present state of their supply and demand.<BR>The natural resources are classified into several categories i.e. mineral resource as solid raw materials, fossil fuels, nuclear power and new natural resource of energy.<BR>The finiteness and exhaustion of natural resources are one of the most important problems, in near future, because they are indispensable for production of various industrial materials as well as fuel of power plants, industrial plants, transport facilities, and home use.<BR>Then, the effect of increasing concentration of CO<SUB>2</SUB> on the global warming is critically discussed from scientific and long term point of view. Furthermore, it is indicated that the nuclear power is one of the most important energy resources in the future, although there remain some severe technical problems to be solved, at present. Next, the author discuss on the technical features and possibilities of such new natural energy resources as solar panel, wind power plant, geothermal energy, etc.<BR>And, the features of various storage facilities of electric power are discussed from technical and ecological point of view, because most of new natural energy are transformed into electric power for transmission and tentative storage.<BR>Finally, the author indicates that is most important to discuss on the interaction amongst new natural energy, mineral resources, and global environment from scientific and long term point of view.

著者

髙谷 雄太郎 淵田 茂司 濱井 昂弥 堀内 健吾 正木 悠聖 所 千晴

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.2, pp.19-27, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-02-26)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3

---

In decades, various studies on passive treatment methods of acid mine drainage (AMD) have been actively conducted in order to reduce the cost of AMD treatment. Open limestone channel is one of the most common methods and has already been implemented mainly in overseas. On the other hand, it is difficult to secure large channels in Japan due to its topography, we need to consider the use of alkaline materials with higher acid neutralization potential which enables successful treatment with narrower space. In this study, therefore, PAdeCS, a cement-derived environmental remediation agent, was used to remove the harmful metal elements by neutralization treatment. Then, we developed a simulation model assuming a combined system of open limestone channel and alkaline material (PAdeCS) channel and predicted the behavior of harmful metal elements within the combined channel. The simulation results showed that PAdeCS has extremely high acid neutralization potential, that high temperature is advantageous for neutralization treatment of harmful metal elements, and that the channel design needs to be changed depending on the initial drainage composition. Finally, a new flowchart for selecting the appropriate passive treatment method was proposed, which consists of three steps of the preferential removal of Fe, neutralization by limestone, and additional treatments.

著者

岡村 宏

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鑛業會誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.1101, pp.829-832, 1979

著者

大塚 尚寛 小林 良二

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鉱業会誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.98, no.1127, pp.1-6, 1982-01-25 (Released:2011-07-13)

参考文献数

10

---

In order to determine the fracture toughness of various rocks, the splitting tests under the stiff-load are undertaken on eight kinds of rocks, namely OGINO tuff, KIMACHI sandstone, IZUMI sandstone, EMOCHI andesite, INADA granite, fine grained AKIYOSHI marble, medium grained AKIYOSHI marble and TOHOKU marble.The rock specimens (200mm×150mm×20mm) in which have a slot are prepared in this test. The crack initiation and the process of crack propagation are studied by the measurement of splitting load, crack opening displacement and crack length. The values of fracture toughness KIC of various rock specimens are determined with the compliance method, and the relationships between fracture toughness and mechanical properties are investigated.The main results obtained in this studies are as follows;(1) As a result in this test, it is seen that the fracture behaviours of rock specimens are divided into two groups. That is, the fracture crack of rock specimens of one group initiates after the maximum load point in the splitting load-crack opening displacement curve and propagates in a straight line, as OGINO tuff, KIMACHI sandstone, IZUMI sandstone, EMOCHI andesite and INADA granite. The fracture crack of rock specimens of other group initiates at the boundary of grains in rock before the maximum load point and the fracture crack in rock specimens propagateslowly along the boundary, as medium grained AKIYOSHI marble and TOHOKU marble.(2) From the relationship between fracture toughness and mechanical properties of various rocks, it becomes clear that fracture toughness of rocks increases in proportion to compressive strength, tensile strength and shear strength, and that fracture toughness decreases with the porosity of rocks increas.

著者

中村 建一 秋山 清悟 佐藤 涼一

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鑛業會誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, no.1190, pp.216-222, 1987