著者

斎藤 隆文

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.4, pp.262-267, 2014 (Released:2014-09-15)

参考文献数

6

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In this article, basics and examples of Non-Photorealistic Rendering (NPR) are introduced. NPR is one of the categories of computer graphics (CG). In contrast with the traditional photorealistic approach in CG, NPR is to create images with artificial enhancement like illustration or painting. There are three major objectives in NPR: simulation of traditional drawing techniques, visual information communication, and support for existing drawing techniques. As for implementations, NPR techniques can be classified from several points of view, such as a degree of user interaction, input data (2D image or 3D scene data), etc. From 2D images, NPR images can be created by several approaches such as stroke-based drawing, image decomposition, and image analogies. From 3D scene data, NPR techniques can be added on or replaced by traditional photorealistic rendering. Especially, it is effective to use line drawing techniques such as contour ⁄ edge drawing and hatching. For moving images, it is important to keep continuity between frames, especially for strokes. Shape deformation is also an important issue in NPR. In addition to shape exaggeration, multi viewpoint projection is used for deformation.

著者

尾鍋 史彦 石井 健三 江前 敏晴 野中 道敬 藤井 里絵 表 尚弘

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.5, pp.315-333, 2008 (Released:2010-10-15)

参考文献数

7

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This chapter entitled "Paper Media" focuses on a variety of significant subjects of paper media or printing media as well as their peripheral issues. Although "Paper Media" is the sole and universal media selected in the long history of mankind and constitutes one of the essential elements of printing, "Paper Media" had been described only in separate chapters of the past decennial commemorative issues of this journal. However, this 80th anniversary special issue creates an independent individual chapter for "Paper Media". The main reason is the founding of "Paper Media Research Committee" in 2004 in the society (JSPST). Firstly, the reason and the significance for creating an independent chapter for "Paper Media" are explained. Secondly, eight specific topics covering history, characteristics & functions, market & customer, technological evolution, culture & art, environmental issues, theoretical analysis, and future perspective are described as the basis for understanding the specific topics and the contents of "Paper Media Symposia". Thirdly, the personal impressions on the past four "Paper Media Symposia" from 2004 to 2007 are briefly noted. Fourthly, a quick glance over "drupa 2008" held in Germany is mentioned with the view to grasp the forefront of the paper media technology. A variety of unsolved significant problems were emerged from the past four paper media symposia covering an array of versatile topics. The comparative evaluation of paper media with IT-based media as well as the symposia contents helped confirming the superiority of paper media among the present-day multilayered media structure. Finally, an idea for integrating a variety of academic fields related to paper media that leads to construction of "Paper Media Studies" is proposed (written by F. Onabe).

著者

細井 功

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.130-134, 2011 (Released:2011-05-15)

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Recently, the importance of color management systems (CMSs) has increased. Clients demand that a print company builds a system guaranteeing a color; if such guaranteed colors can be realized, it becomes possible to build a relationship of mutual trust. Moreover, when I manage the CMS, standardization of the print spot has a central role. This report introduces a part of the technique for realizing standardization.

著者

池田 努

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.5, pp.324-328, 2012 (Released:2012-11-15)

参考文献数

1

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Black liquor is a waste product from the Kraft cooking mill. It consists of the leftover organic substances such as lignin, carbohydrates, and extractives. Black liquor is the largest source of energy from wood, and it is also the most important renewable energy source. Renewable energy sources such as black liquor contribute to reducing fossil fuel consumption in the pulp and paper industry.

著者

木内 正人

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.4, pp.357-360, 2013 (Released:2013-09-25)

参考文献数

3

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It has been said that banknotes appeared in the 10th century. This was 500 years before the invention of letterpress printing by Gutenberg. The birth of banknotes ensured security and convenience in economic activities. In other words, this was the birth of security printing. Since then, special designs have been developed that cannot be duplicated by the technologies of public security printing. These are defined ideologically as security designs. In this first study, I explain the origin of security design features and the "recognition of solemn authority," which developed in the social trends of the Middle Ages through modern times.

著者

鷲巣 敏行

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.131-136, 2009 (Released:2009-07-15)

被引用文献数

2

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Recently in Japan, aging of population structure has been going on, and then people with impaired vision, such as presbyopia or cataract are rapidly increasing due to physical depression, accompanied by aging, as well as low vision or impaired color vision which are typical visual impairments. These social situations have resulted in the requirement for the development of "Universal Design Font".The Universal Design Font differs from any other conventional fonts in its design concept, which focused on its usage as display font and designed it with a due consideration to the concept of universal design.

著者

原 剛

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.002-007, 2007 (Released:2010-02-15)

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Although Japanese environmental regulations, and health and safety laws set tolerance levels for noise and vibration generated by printing presses, maintaining these levels in web offset presses are becoming increasingly difficult. This is particularly true in terms of noise, as today's presses tend to be larger and provide faster running speeds for the purpose of improving productivity. The most effective means for reducing noise levels is to enclose the entire web press or the printing unit and folder sections of the press in soundproofing barriers. Laying the proper foundation to support the press is essential for minimizing vibration of buildings within the printing plant. Mechanically induced problems with the press can lead to excessive noise and vibration, and daily maintenance is also necessary to protect the press equipment and alleviate these problems.

著者

内藤 郁夫 長谷川 由美子 芝木 儀夫

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.3, pp.183-192, 2017 (Released:2017-07-15)

参考文献数

21

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In music printing, some steps of engraving, such as layout, marking, etc., were believed to have succeeded from initial lithography processes. Music printing by engraving in the beginning of the 19th century was studied to clarify the backdrop technique of lithography, by using a music score from the Ludwig van Beethoven's piano sonata no. 21 opus 53, which was printed by the Bureau des arts et d'industri in Vienna in 1805. By analyzing the score, some engraving techniques in music printing could be clearly understood, i.e., punch patterns of music note, order of patterning, rough positioning of notes, re-cutting of lines, corrections of note, etc. Ledger lines were undetectable in the plate-making technique.

著者

印出 明浩

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.6, pp.336-341, 2005 (Released:2009-01-01)

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Advancing the digital technologies in Graphic Arts, standardization for total printing process is required to reduce the loss occurred in printing process. Moreover, the standardization is considered to be a significant issue to accomplish building CMS environment. To achieve the standardization, especially in printing stage, the printing color control system comes up first as an essential tool. In this literature, mainly what you can do with KOMORI's printing color control system "PDC-S and net Version" as supporting tool for standardization is addressed.

著者

竹本 好孝

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.5, pp.305-309, 2011 (Released:2011-11-15)

参考文献数

4

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Nowadays, we are exposed to a many advertising messages. But most of these messages are of no interest to us. Companies have to consider targeting individual consumers so that a consumer's exposure to a company's products or services is maximized. There are two important points. One is "Cross Media Marketing" and the other is "Relevancy." Digital printing technology is required to produce personalize printed copies that can interest consumers with relevant information. Additionally, much better results can be achieved by using a combination of e-mail and the Web together to communicate with consumers. Success in the digital printing business space warrants that a company should think from the customer's viewpoint, and have a thorough understanding of their needs.

著者

神崎 順一

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.220-229, 2008 (Released:2010-12-15)

参考文献数

15

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At the end of Edo period, Nagasaki magistrate's office reprinted many Dutch books by the printing machine made in Europe because they were really. necessary. The arrival of the black ships by Commodore Perry opened Japan, and required the people who can speak Dutch or have knowledge of science in the Western countries. The books were printed at the workshop of printed word that was established in 1856 by the office. The compositor was Zenziuemon Shiozawa, and four technicians supported him. They reprinted nine volumes of seven books include "Syntaxis, of woodvoaging der nederduitche taal" written from 1856 to 1859.

著者

岩崎 浩

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.6, pp.282-290, 2020 (Released:2021-01-15)

参考文献数

47

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Banknotes and coins are the most frequently handled objects in everyday life. In the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been widespread concerns in many countries that the coronavirus could be transmitted by cash. Scientific evidence suggests that the probability of transmission via banknotes is low compared to that with other frequently touched objects, such as hanging straps, doorknobs, handrails, touch screens, and PIN pads. To reduce the risk of infection, many central banks have taken measures such as quarantining banknotes or implementing antibacterial/antiviral treatment on banknotes. This pandemic has changed the payment environment. It is expected that contactless payments grow due to concerns about face-to-face payments. However, as uncertainty about the future increases, people tend to hold cash as a store of value. As long as banknotes are a reliable and efficient payment method, this will continue for a long time to come.

著者

帆波 羊一

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.6, pp.402-403, 1993-11-30 (Released:2010-09-27)

参考文献数

2

著者

阿南 泰三

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.3, pp.179-184, 2012 (Released:2012-07-15)

参考文献数

10

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Since May 2005, numerous laws have been enacted in Japan to protect personal information. The responsibility for protecting personal information has become a critical issue for enterprise-level businesses. Computers and networks are not the only source of sensitive information leaks. In many incidents of information leakage, printed documents are involved. It is now possible to protect confidential and private information by applying the following countermeasures during the printing of documents:·Copy control by applying a watermark to restrict copying and forgery·Watermarks for traceability and falsification detection, including background texture watermarks and font embedded watermarks·Encryption by paper encryption technologyThis paper presents an overview of some digital watermarks and paper encryption technology in order to prevent information leaks from paper documents.

著者

望月 有希子 江前 敏晴

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.069-077, 2015 (Released:2015-03-15)

参考文献数

16

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Bakusho (airing) is a conventional method of preserving Chinese books and has been widely recognized as a method for removing humidity and pests. We hypothesized that there is another important purpose for this method: to volatilize organic acids that deteriorate the paper in books by surrounding the books with free airflow. This study investigated that possibility. First, the deacidification effect of bakusho was investigated. Bamboo paper, paper-mulberry paper, coated paper, and uncoated printing paper were subjected to moist heat treatment at 80°C and 65% RH for up to 16 weeks to accelerate aging. Lightness, tensile strength, folding endurance, and pH decreased most remarkably with bamboo paper that was moist heat-treated in an open state; however, it decreased less than equivalent paper treated in a sealed state, suggesting that exposure to air prevented paper deterioration. Next, after dry heat treatment at 105°C for 72 hours, a mock-up book made of bamboo paper was subjected to bakusho. Bakusho increased pH with exposure time. A shorter cycle of repeated heat treatment and bakusho maintained a higher pH. Bakusho performed in flowing air seemed more effective at recovering pH; the bamboo paper recovered pH earlier than when bakusho was performed in stationary air. However, bakusho treatment did not recover folding endurance that decreased during dry heat treatment.

著者

柴田 隆史

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.72-77, 2023 (Released:2023-05-15)

参考文献数

24

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A major change in school education in recent years has been that each student now utilizes a digital device to learn. Although the use of digital devices is expected to have positive effects on learning, there are also concerns about the negative effects of increased opportunities for children to utilize digital devices and the increased time spent using them. Therefore, it is necessary to consider children from an ergonomic perspective, such as improving the ease of use of digital devices and reducing the fatigue caused by their use. This paper introduces the use of digital devices in the classroom and discusses considerations for children's health regarding the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in school education, focusing on the environment in which digital devices are used and the differences between digital devices and paper media.

著者

高橋 恭介

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.204-209, 2008 (Released:2010-12-15)

参考文献数

10

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A historical overview of the changes on the printing technologies in Japan for the past 1300 years from the 8th century to the 21st century is described in this article. The rise and fall of the printing technologies and its background of the changes are explained from the viewpoints of the innate potential of the technology. Also, the future trend of the printing technologies is shown.

著者

羽田 正紀

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.078-083, 2010 (Released:2010-05-15)

参考文献数

13

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Plastic films are used in many commercial products, and have recently, found greater application because of their environmental friendliness. Most converted manufactures request the function corresponding to it. The surface modification of the film is aimed at to give the function, and there is big domination because it need not improve plastic polymer. The film manufacturer has the ILC technology. This is one of the technologies that industrially process the surface treatment. It is a technology that can apply while manufacturing the films. Different functions can be introduced by changing the composition of the spreading liquid. Here, I describe the current state of ILC technology for film surface modification.

著者

石崎 雅也

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.3, pp.214-218, 2013 (Released:2013-07-15)

参考文献数

7

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One of the recent technology trends in paper for offset printing is reducing environmental impact. Methods include development of technology to utilize deinked pulp, improvement of the paper recycle ratio initiated by the Japan Paper Association, expansion of afforestation, utilization of wood resources from certificated forests, energy saving in manufacturing paper products, fuel conversion, etc. To promote utilization of deinked pulp, an ultraviolet (UV) breaker has been developed to remove UV ink and subliming ink in which a hyper-cell floatator is used to remove ink efficiently, and a de-sticking agent is in use to remove stickiness effectively. The target recycle ratio for paper in 2010 was 62%, and it was achieved in 2008. The goal for 2015 is 64%, which is thought to be difficult, and cooperation of the paper industry, consumers, and paper recyclers is needed. The area of afforestation is increasing yearly in the world to produce forest resources. Some of the wood chips are obtained from certificated forests which are managed sustainably. Black-liquor-containing wood components, waste timber, waste car tires, and waste plastics are being used to generate energy in order to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels in manufacturing.

著者

瀬戸 洋一

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.3, pp.190-196, 2012 (Released:2012-07-15)

参考文献数

12

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The importance of biometrics was first recognized in 2001. The terrorist attacks in the United States in September 2011 significantly changed the evaluation of biometrics. Prior to September 2011, an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of biometrics and its applications was not available, and one could only refer to previous studies in this area. Biometrics had limited practical uses such as a system that grants entry and Personal Computer (PC) login. However, the event in September 2011 acted as a trigger to demand the reason for not using biometric technology as a mainstream technology. On the other hand, in Japan, biometric technology was steadily integrated into the infrastructure system in various areas: vein verification devices in the ATMs of banks in October 2004, e-passport (face), border control system (face and fingerprint) in 2006, and driver's license (face) in 2007. Applications of biometrics for public use such as social ID have gained importance. Biometrics represents unique personal information. Although a single entity can be responsible for verification of this information, stored data may be leaked or stolen, thus resulting in privacy issues. In order to ensure compliance with international standards, clear rules regarding interoperability and performance must be defined, thus increasing transparency in the selection of a product by the user. This study presents the latest developments in basic and advanced biometric technology.